Central Arizona Project

AES proposes to develop the Agua Fria Energy Storage Project adjacent to the Arizona Public Service Company’s Raceway Substation in the City of Peoria, Maricopa County, Arizona. The proposed battery storage facility will be located on private land north of the Raceway Substation, with use of an existing access road within Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) administered land for the Central Arizona Project (CAP), located southeast of the substation. No specific project design for the battery storage...

This project examined the cultural resources of the western half of the Ak Chin Community's lands prior to intensive agricultural development using waters from the Central Arizona Project. The project's research design assumed that Ak Chin had been used as a floodwater farming location for many centuries. The problem domains and research questions focused on the physical {geomorphological), biological, and cultural subsystems within the Ak Chin ecosystem. The investigation also considered the...

In December 2008, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 16 sites in Lake Regional Park to assess their condition. ACS archaeologists documented the sites and evaluated their current state of preservation. This project contains photo documentation of the assessment work. The site cards were updated, but no report was produced.

Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) undertook a field evaluation of eight site clusters (77 sites) around Horseshoe Reservoir, in the Tonto National Forest. The boundaries of the site clusters and the particular sites assessed were designated by the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation). The goals of the project were to relocate previously recorded sites, replot them using a GPS, evaluate the accuracy and completeness of the existing site documentation and amend as necessary, and...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 1 and several adjacent roads that would be added or modified for its construction. Reach 1 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 18 miles from the Buckskin Mountain Tunnel, east to the Bouse Hills Pumping Plant. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of three discontinuous segments of the Granite Reef Aqueduct route within Reach 10, which had been realigned since the initial archaeological surveys (Dittert, Fish and Simonis 1969; Kemrer, Schultz and Dodge 1972). Reach 10 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 15 miles from New River on the west to the...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of undisturbed portions of Reach 11 and its associated recreation areas. Reach 11 was previously surveyed in 1969 (Dittert et al. 1969) and 1972 (Kemrer et al. 1972), and one site (AZ U:5:13) was mitigated prior to construction (Reynolds 1974). The majority of Reach 11 had already been constructed when this...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 12 and associated access roads. Reach 12 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 11 miles from Taliesin West Architectural School east to Schlechts Butte. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at two sites located along Reach 12 to mitigate the adverse...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 2. Reach 2 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 18 miles from the Bouse Hills east to Highway 72, near Vicksburg. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at four sites located along Reach 2 to mitigate the adverse effects of disturbance in the project...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 3. Reach 3 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 15 miles from Highway 72, northwest of Vicksburg, southeast to Hovatter Road, south of Interstate 10. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at six sites located along Reach 3 to mitigate the adverse...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 4 and several access roads that would be modified for its construction. Reach 4 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 14 miles from the Hovatter Road exchange with Interstate 10 to the Centennial Wash Siphon Outlet. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations...

Under contract with the United States Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University completed an archaeological survey of a borrow area along Reach 5 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct, and then conducted archaeological investigations at two sites to mitigate the adverse effects of the borrow area. This project provides the survey and the data recovery reports that describe the results of this archaeological work along...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University completed an archaeological survey to identify and evaluate the cultural resources in the area of a flood water detention basin along Reach 5A of the Granite Reef Aqueduct, upslope from the aqueduct right-of-way, and then conducted archaeological investigations at four sites to mitigate the adverse effects of the detention basin. This project...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 5B. Reach 5B of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 11 miles from the Buckeye-Salome Road east to the Burnt Mountain Study Area. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at four sites located along Reach 5B to mitigate the adverse effects of disturbance in...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 6, nearby access roads, water detention areas, and a maintenance yard. Reach 6 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 17 miles from Burnt Mountain east to the Belmont Mountains. OCRM archaeologists recommended no further investigations along Reach 6 following survey and surface collection. This...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 7, the Hassayampa, Jackrabbit, and Centennial Wash Siphons, and two borrow areas. Reach 7 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 11 miles from the Hassayampa-Wickenburg Road west to the Hassayampa River. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at four sites...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of Reach 8 and associated access roads. Reach 8 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 13 miles from the Hassayampa River east to U.S. 60. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at two sites and two field loci located along Reach 8 to mitigate the adverse effects...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of the Reach 9 realignment, a detention basin, a waste disposal area, and associated access roads. Reach 9 of the Granite Reef Aqueduct extends about 11 miles from U.S. 60 to the New River on the east. Following the initial realignment survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at six...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of the Bouse Hills-Harcuvar-Little Harquahala 115 kV transmission lines. The Bouse Hills-Harcuvar Transmission Line stretches 23.3 miles from the Harcuvar Substation to the Bouse Hills Pumping Plant. The Harcuvar-Little Harquahala Transmission Line stretches 41.7 miles from the Harcuvar Substation to the Little...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of realigned portions of the Liberty-Parker and Parker-Havasu 230 kV transmission line, a 100 meter wide corridor adjacent to the non-realigned portions of the Liberty-Parker 230kv transmission line, the Liberty-Parker-Hassayampa 115kV transmission line, and the Harcuvar Substation. In total OCRM surveyed 115...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of the McCullough-Davis 230 kV Transmission Line. The McCullough-Davis 230 kV Transmission Line stretches 61 miles from the McCullough Substation in the Eldorado Valley to Davis Dam on the Colorado River. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological investigations at two sites located...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of the Burnt Mountain and Agua Fria Tunnels of the Granite Reef Aqueduct. The Burnt Mountain Tunnel is located on 150 acres on the southeast slope of Burnt Mountain. The Agua Fria Tunnel is located on 180 acres in the Hieroglyphic Mountains. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists conducted archaeological...

Under contract with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Office of Cultural Resource Management (OCRM), Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, completed an archaeological survey of the Havasu Pumping Plant borrow area of the Granite Reef Aqueduct. The Havasu Pumping Plant borrow area is about 3 miles east of the pumping plant site. The Havasu Pumping Plant lifts water from the Bill Williams arm of Lake Havasu to the Buckskin Mountains Tunnel. Following the survey, OCRM archaeologists...

This project covers two archaeological surveys conducted prior to the construction of the Tucson Aqueduct, part of the Central Arizona Project (CAP). One of the surveys was done on the Pascua Yaqui Reservation, and thus relates to the CAP Indian Distribution Division (IDD) collection. The other survey was conducted in a lot adjacent to the Reservation, and relates to the broader Tucson Aqueduct collection.

Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted an intensive Class III survey of five parcels located around Roosevelt Lake in the Tonto Basin Ranger District, Tonto National Forest. The project was conducted at the request of the Arizona Project Office, Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) to identify and evaluate all cultural properties that might be impacted by planned construction activities in these parcels.

Between October 1980 and February 1981, Northland Research, Inc. conducted an archaeological survey of undeveloped lands on the west half of the Ak Chin Indian Reservation (Ak Chin Community). In the slightly more than 7,000 acres surveyed, Northland field crews recorded 51 archaeological sites belonging to the prehistoric Hohokam and historic Papago cultures. Test excavations were undertaken at several of these sites, and the results demonstrate conclusively the presence of preserved subsurface...

In November of 1992, at the request of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted an evaluation of a portion of AZ T:3:79(ASM). Subsurface testing was performed because proposed road modifications had the potential to impact the cultural resources present. Testing was limited to a 5 m right-of-way on either side of the existing road. The objectives were to define the nature and extent of any buried cultural material and make recommendations...

The project consists of a Class I cultural resources literature review and research design for the proposed New Mexico Unit of the Central Arizona Project, authorized under the Arizona Water Settlements Act of 2004. This Class I cultural resources literature was undertaken in support of the development of an environmental impact statement by the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office and the New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission.

The City of Phoenix Parks and Recreation Department (PRD) manages the Arizona Horse Lovers Park facility located within the Reach 11 Recreation Area, owned by the Bureau of Reclamation, in Maricopa County, Arizona. Unauthorized blading associated with vegetation clearing at Horse Lovers Park resulted in surface disturbance within the boundaries of AZ U:5:357(ASM), a prehistoric artifact scatter with features that has been recommended eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic...

In the mid-1990s, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) completed a survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park. The survey was undertaken to identify all cultural resources within the Park, which was acquired by Reclamation as part of construction of New Waddell Dam. In the intervening years, the Park has seen continued and increasing recreational use. In the 11 years since it completed the survey of the Park, Reclamation has monitored activity at nine of the 183 sites in the Park with the...

In compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) began cultural resource surveys along the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem alignment shortly after the CAP was authorized. For the next 25 years, various cultural resource management contractors conducted inventories of the CAP, recording several hundred archaeological sites. From the 1970s to the 1980s, some of these sites were tested and/or excavated as mitigation for the...

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit...

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit...

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit...

In October 2007, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 39 known archaeological sites in the Agua Fria Conservation area within Lake Pleasant Regional Park to conduct condition assessments. ACS archaeologists documented the sites and evaluated their current state of preservation. This tDAR project contains photo documentation of the assessment work.

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the CAP main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit 59 sites that had been identified...

Maricopa Parks and Recreation Department (MCPRD) contracted SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to conduct a cultural resources inventory of the area of potential effects (APE) for the project area within Lake Pleasant Park, managed by the MCPRD on behalf of the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). The project is located near Peoria, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona and consists of a combined 0.2 acres. A Class III Survey was conducted on April 7th, 2023, and no archaeological sites or resources...

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of approximately 34.4 acres to provide an inventory and assessment of cultural resources that might be affected by the proposed undertaking. The Central Arizona Project (CAP) conveys Colorado River water through a 336–mile– long system of pumping plants, aqueducts, dams, and reservoirs. In 2001, the Fish and Wildlife Service concluded that...

The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) reported a violation of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) in April 2003 when a petroglyph boulder was removed from Reclamation land. The boulder was located on a terrace edge overlooking the Agua Fria River north of Lake Pleasant, within archaeological site AZ T:4:157(ASM). A criminal investigation followed. The petroglyph boulder was recovered in September 2003. Subsequent to the investigation, Mr. Jon Czaplicki, Reclamation...

The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Logan Simpson Design, Inc. was asked to relocate and record 5 sites that...

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Logan Simpson Design, Inc. was asked to relocate and record 16 sites that...

In June 1986, the Bureau of Reclamation awarded a three-year contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Central Arizona Project's Regulatory Storage Division, designated as Plan 6. These studies involved investigations at approximately 50 archaeological sites in 7 localities. The sites were destroyed, damaged, or altered as a result of constructing Plan 6, which created a regulatory reservoir for the CAP as well as repaired or replaced other dams...

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) identified the need for an in-depth study of ranching and homesteading in Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP). At Reclamation’s request, Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) undertook this current study, which builds upon previous research and investigations sponsored by Reclamation that indicated that the ranching history was an important historic context for the area. This project includes: (1) archival research into the history of ranching in the...

In the summers of 1979 and 1980, Arizona State University (ASU) conducted a cultural resources survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP) (Rice and Bostwick 1986). The completion of New Waddell Dam in 1993, increasing recreational development, and new park boundaries spurred the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) to survey the park. Reclamation performed the new survey on their land to fulfill their Section 110 requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act. Upon completion of the...

In August and September 2010, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 52 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists relocated the sites and site boundaries, and documented the sites' conditions. This project contains select photographic documentation of the relocation work.

In January 2012, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 8 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists relocated the sites and site boundaries, and assessed the sites' current conditions. This project contains a select photographic record of the relocation work.

In November and December 2009, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 41 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists documented the sites and assessed their current state of preservation. This project contains photo documentation of the assessment work.

In the early 2000's, Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP or the Park) was in an undeveloped portion of Maricopa County, Arizona. Population growth in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area over the past 30 years, however, resulted in the expansion of new housing developments along the edges of the city. It was increasingly clear that the park was becoming part of an urban landsape, and that the park's resources were experiencing increased impacts. In 2004, Archaeological Consulting Services,...

The Lower Verde Archaeological Project (LVAP) was a four-year data recovery project conducted by Statistical Research, Inc. (SRI) in the lower Verde River region of central Arizona. The project was designed to mitigate any adverse effects to cultural resources from modifications to Horseshoe and Bartlett Dams. The Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Arizona Project’s Office sponsored the research program in compliance with historic preservation legislation. The LVAP’s...

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation–Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), ACS conducted Phase 1 cultural resource assessments and investigations at AZ T:4:150(ASM), a multicomponent rockshelter site in Lake Pleasant Regional Park, in 2008. The site was being impacted by increased visitation and Reclamation is seeking to mitigate those impacts. ACS archaeologists completed surface collection, mapping, and soil coring at the site. These investigations confirmed that the site held the potential to...

In 2008, at the request of the Bureau of Reclamation–Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted Phase 1 cultural resource assessments and investigations at AZ T:4:150(ASM), a multicomponent rockshelter site in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. These investigations confirmed that the site held the potential to yield important information about the Prehistoric, Protohistoric, and Historic period occupations of the Lake Pleasant area. Please see...

The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The current data is based on data resulting from Class III surveys conducted in the 1970s and 1980s prior to the canal’s construction. The majority of these sites have not been revisited since they were first recorded. An unknown number of these sites were destroyed by either construction or excavation, while others are no...

The Roosevelt Platform Mound Study (RPMS) was one of three mitigative data recovery studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The series of investigations constituted Reclamation's program for complying with historic preservation legislation as it applied to the raising and modification of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. Reclamation contracted with the Arizona State University Office of Cultural Resource...

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit a...

This project presents a series of publications associated with the Salt-Gila Aqueduct Archaeological Data Collection Studies and Supplemental Class III Survey Project (SGA). The research focused on data recovery at those sites potentially subject to impact as a consequence of Central Arizona Project construction. Salt-Gila Aqueduct Central Arizona Project construction occured along a route extending 97 km from a point south of Apache Junction, Arizona, to the Picacho Reservoir. Significant...

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the San Xavier District of the Tohono O'odham Nation with the construction of an extension of the Central Arizona Project (CAP) pipeline on reservation lands along the Santa Cruz River. The pipeline corridor crosses Loci F and H of AZ BB:13:16(ASM), a Hohokam occupation zone with many pithouses and other structures, varied pits, trash areas, and possibly human remains. Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) provided the labor,...

The City of Phoenix Parks and Recreation Department is proposing to create a park along Reach 11 of the Central Arizona Project, on land which is managed by the Bureau of Reclamation. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) was previously surveyed 20 years earlier. The City of Phoenix Archaeology Office requested that this land be re-surveyed and that the location of site AZ T:8:53(ASU) be examined due to its proximity to the APE.

Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct portion of the Central Arizona Project extend from the terminus of the Salt-Gila Aqueduct just east of Picacho Reservoir (12 km southeast of Coolidge) south along the western flanks of the Picacho Mountains, east along the southern flanks of the Picacho Mountains through Picacho Pass, and then south to the vicinity of Red Rock. A Class III archaeological survey of the aqueduct corridor and associated areas was conducted by Arizona State Museum...

The Tucson Aqueduct Phase B Project represents the first substantial archaeological investigations and excavations to be conducted in the Avra Valley. Prior to the 1983 intensive survey of the Phase B alignment by archaeologists from the Arizona State Museum, archaeological investigation of the Avra Valley had been limited primarily to occasional clearance surveys and test excavations. The identification of 47 prehistoric sites during the 1983 survey (Downum and others 1986) and the...