Society for American Archaeology 82nd Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC (2017)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Harris.

How do people adapt to the changing natural and social environment of the late prehistoric (3,000 B.P. to historic), Columbia Plateau? By interacting and learning from one another, and by adapting their technology. Though frequently characterized as a homogenous culture area over the past 3,000 years, previous analyses show differences in artifact form, assemblage composition and household features. This project traces these changes through the stone tools of the archaeological record. Research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amelie Allard.

While the North American Fur Trade has often been examined through economic lenses, scholarship from the 1980s onward has striven to demonstrate that this colonial phenomenon was more than mere trade and merchant capitalism: it also embodied a complex web of social relationships and practices that went beyond daily transactions. In this paper, I unpack the ways in which exchanges, of myriad shapes and forms, between Euro-Canadian fur traders and local Indigenous groups in the Western Great Lakes...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Seyler.

A highly visible symbol within the church, liturgical cloth plays an important role in the communication of ideas about the wealth and authority of the Catholic Church. During the colonial period in the Andes, the influence of liturgical textiles extended to reinforcing ideas about the power of the Spanish Empire as well as the role of indigenous populations within it. Although cloth production during the period of Spanish colonization is a subject discussed to some extent by art historians...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Pamela Stone. Ryan Harrod. Alyssa Willett.

Aztec Ruins, an Ancestral Pueblo site in northern New Mexico, is recognized as a large and socially complex site. Aztec Ruins is typically considered in relation to the Chaco Phenomenon, although connections to Mesa Verde have also been made. Combined these relationships suggest close ties to other temporally occupied sites. Excavations of Aztec Ruins were undertaken between 1916 and 1923 by southwestern archaeologist Earl Morris. Among his many finds he reported excavating 186 sets of human...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tia B. Watkins. Rafael Guerra. Rosie Bongiovanni. Kirsten Green.

Palatial complexes are distinct architectural features within ancient Maya civic ceremonial centers. Maya palaces are commonly multi-roomed complexes featuring attributes such as corbelled roofing, benches, private courtyards, and other decorative attributes. Archaeologists suggest palatial complexes serve as multifunctional spaces for the elite residents. These functions include residential space as well as ritual space for events such as feasts, dances, and other social events. Excavations at...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hironori Fukuhara. Tatsuya Murakami.

The archaeological site of Tlalancaleca was one of the largest urban centers in Central Mexico during the Middle to Terminal Formative periods (ca. 650 BC-AD 200/250). The site consists of a central plateau with civic-ceremonial cores and its surrounding areas, which are divided into the Northern Sector and the Southern Sector. Our research over five field seasons indicates that the urban landscape underwent significant changes through time, including initial urban growth during the Middle...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jezelle Zatorski. Keli Watson.

Culturally Modified Trees (CMTs) in the Central Interior of British Columbia are well known and extensively documented. While there are several types of CMTs, the most common in the interior, by far, are barked stripped Lodgepole Pine for the purpose of cambium collection as a food resource. The majority of the discussion and analysis of CMTs is field-based and primarily focuses on scar identification to determine cultural origin, dating methods, mapping and describing locales where large...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Losey. Tatiana Nomokonova. Andrei Gusev. Natalia Fedorova.

Reindeer are an essential part of daily life and special events across a broad stretch of northern Eurasia, but their long term history with people has remained elusive. Ethnographers have characterized reindeer as living in ‘intermittent co-existence’ with humans, or as ‘semi-domesticates’, ‘pastoral herd animals’, and even ‘slaves’. Archaeology has struggled to characterize human-reindeer relationships, with even the geographical origins of modern domesticated deer remaining unclear. The Yamal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karina Croucher.

This paper considers the phenomenon of plastered skulls from the Neolithic of the Middle East, exploring a re-interpretation of evidence. Plastered skulls result from the burial and later retrieval of crania, onto which is sculpted a face using plaster. These were then used and displayed within household contexts. Rather than traditional interpretations which revolve around status and hierarchy or social cohesion, this paper suggests a reinterpretation based on the modern bereavement theory of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hayley Roberts.

Local archaeology societies in the UK are unique. They are a product of the British political and legal system combined with cultural attitudes to the past and the development of the archaeological profession. They are a melting pot of inexperienced beginners, expert volunteers, professional archaeologists and everybody in between. As a unique form of public and community archaeology, they allow volunteers to have a significant positive impact for and on both archaeology and society. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Guilfoyle.

Collaborative heritage management projects requires adaptation to local customary protocols, local structures, and local community goals, and so necessitates a uniquely, localized focus. At the same time, developing, formalized approaches to collaboration that have universal elements – structures and processes - that are applicable in any context, is a goal in the continual evolution and development of a fully integrated collaborative, community archaeology. This means identifying those...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amilcar Vargas. Margarita Díaz-Andreu. César Villalobos.

The ‘critical importance of involving indigenous, traditional and local communities in the implementation of the [World Heritage] Convention’ (World Heritage Committee Decisions 31.COM/13A and 31.COM/13B, 2007) reflects discussions that have been taking place in WH since 1994, and has guided much of UNESCO's efforts regarding these communities in World Heritage Sites since. In 1994 social participation became a requirement in the nomination of new World Heritage Sites and since 2008 it has been...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Weronika Tomczyk.

Even through the majority of faunal remains so far recovered at Castillo de Huarmey site derived from ceremonial contexts (i.e. main mortuary mausoleum and adjacent palatial complex), studies demonstrate that at the very least, the site’s elite inhabitants extensively exploited local resources, and simultaneously benefited from developed trade connections. At the core of animal management was the extensive camelid husbandry. The standard zooarchaeological analysis and mortality profiles...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Thulman. Maile Neel.

Archaeologists are paying increasing attention to prehistoric social organization using learning theory, social networks, and the distributions of artifact variation. A starting assumption is that artifact variation will present an isolation-by-distance distribution, a concept developed by Sewall Wright to explain population genetic distributions. Here we extend Wright’s work and adopt his neighborhood model as an analog to explore the small scale interactions between two groups making different...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Dungan. Sylviane Déderix. Barbara Mills. Kristin Safi. Devin White.

Chacoan great houses are considered "monumental," in the sense both of scale and of conveying meaning. Throughout the Chaco World, great houses and other large-scale buildings would have been associated to some degree with a larger, regional Chacoan ideology. At the same time, these structures vary and should be understood in the context of diverse local and regional histories. Visibility can be a key component of monumentality, and it has been suggested that great houses were frequently placed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bethany Walker.

How did the medieval Islamic state realize its objectives in natural resource management? How can we distinguish the "hand of the state" from that of local initiatives in land use? This paper is an attempt to evaluate planting and watering strategies, differentiating imperial agro-policies from local practice at the village level. The focus is the intensification and diversification of grain production in 14th century Syria. Grain fields were the most valuable of the agrarian iqṭaʿāt (grants of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian Kretzler.

Archival material plays an important role in historical archaeological research. This is particularly true in studies of Native American communities of the recent past since the colonial archive comprises a sizable portion of available historical sources. Yet the archive must not be treated as a storehouse of information alone, as it constitutes both state perceptions of Native lifeways and modes of knowledge production through which colonial projects were realized. When approached as sites of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ronald Maldonado.

Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended requires that the Federal Agencies consult with American Indian Tribes on a Government to Government basis. There are numerous guidelines and trainings on how this should be accomplished under the law, but these do not consider the Tribal point of view. American Indian Tribes are sovereign Nations and expect to be treated as such, expecting long term relationships with Federal Agencies. During my tenure with the Navajo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Guirec Querré. Thomas Calligaro. Serge Cassen. Salvador Dominguez-Bella.

The exceptional quality of the green lithic adornments (jade axes, beads) deposited in the large grave mounds from Brittany, France, constitute the most impressive funeral architecture of the Neolithic period in Western Europe. The highest density of callaïs jewelry occurs in the Carnac region with over 800 green beads and pendants found in 33 Neolithic sites. A research program based on the chemical analysis of archaeological artifacts and geological samples from European deposits using the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gesualdo Busacca.

During the two decades of the Çatalhöyük Research Project, painted plasters have been investigated using a wide array of methodologies and theoretical perspectives, spanning from contextual to experimental approaches, and from iconographic classification to archaeometric analyses. While the transient character of Çatalhöyük paintings has often been discussed, the longer life-cycles of entire plaster sequences have rarely been investigated. Using a mixed methodology that combines block sampling,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristin Armstrong Oma.

The three-aisled longhouse is one of the most long-lived forms of dwelling-place known from prehistory, with its span from the Early Bronze Age (1500 BCE) until the Viking period (1000C CE). During some 2500 years, the architectural outline and form remained surprisingly similar. The three-aisled longhouse is, in terms of human culture (albeit not in geological terms), a longue durée institution, a materialisation of a particular lived space, where humans and domestic animals lived under the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nancy White.

Despite over a century of research, unquestionable evidence of routine and sustained interaction/communication between the U.S. Southeast and Mesoamerica remains elusive. Similarities in iconography and ritual are very general, possibly ancient. Mexican obsidian and tropical plants occur rarely and only at the outskirts of the Southeast, while earthen mounds and some Mississippian-like artifacts occur on the northern Mexican Gulf Coast. The most glaring (absence of) evidence is the lack of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alisha Gauvreau. Duncan McLaren.

EkTb-9, a Heiltsuk First Nation village site located on Triquet Island, British Columbia, Canada, has an occupation span of over 11,500 calendar years. Archaeological and palaeo-environmental research indicates that local sea level was relatively stable during that time. EkTb-9 is rich in archaeology strata including a five meter deep shell midden and nearby water-logged deposits which contains perishable materials, most notably parts of bent wood and compound fish-hooks and wooden bi-point...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Reid.

Much of the recent past of Great Lakes Africa is characterised by short-lived settlements and mobile societies, that produced ephemeral occupation sites. In part because of this, attention has long been drawn to sites like Bigo and Ntuusi which seem to offer much more substantive archaeological remains. Yet, notwithstanding the longevity of the latter and the extent of both, this is clearly not a simple occupation site featuring a large population. Rather it is much more effective to understand...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Simon Stoddart. Christopher Hunt. David Redhouse. Ewan Campbell. Charles French.

The author has undertaken fieldwork on both of these two limestone island systems, one in the Mediterranean, one leading into the Atlantic. The paper will reflect on the longue duree development of these two contrasting contexts, in terms of the rhythms of settlement organisation and interaction. The first, Lismore, an area of only 23.5 square km, is set within an enclosed maritime zone close to shore, off the western seaboard of Scotland. The second, Malta, a larger area of 316 square km, is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jon Krier.

Geospatial analysis of Beringian bathymetric data provides powerful tools for formulating predictive modeling of submerged sites of Pleistocene age. With the acceptance of Pre-Clovis archaeological sites in the Americas (Jenkins et al., 2012), attention has shifted to alternative models of the peopling of the Americas. A Coastal Migration hypothesis has been proposed by Erlandson et al. (2013, 2015), however any evidence of such a route is now submerged. Ice free areas along the Pacific margin...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Francesc C. Conesa. Agustin Lobo. Stefano Biagetti. Marco Madella.

In recent years, applications of Earth Observation for archaeology have been boosted by data acquisition and by the increased spatial and temporal resolution of new products (e.g. Sentinel-2, WorldView series, Pléiades mission). Nowadays, archaeologists are looking for ways to effectively merge multi-spatial and multi-temporal imagery, integrating spectral and contextual information as well. In arid lands, the lack of adequate data on long-term vegetation dynamics is hampering our capacity of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Gillreath-Brown.

Ancestral Pueblo communities of the central Mesa Verde region (CMV) became increasingly reliant on maize agriculture for their subsistence needs by A.D. 900. Researchers have been studying the Ancestral Pueblo people for over a century using a variety of methods to understand the relationships between climate, agriculture, population, and settlements. While this research has produced a well-developed cultural history of the region, studies at a smaller scale are still needed to understand the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Carter. Jean Li. Alex Ferworn.

This paper will examine a recent effort to develop an interdisciplinary graduate level digital media and physical computing course, framed as experiential archaeology for non-archaeologists. By combining theory and practice of digital media, archaeology and a computer science course in robotics as an introduction to the cultural heritage destruction of the el-Hibeh site in southern Egypt due to pervasive looting, graduate students in digital media worked alongside undergraduate students in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia Hernandez Espinoza. Estela Martínez Mora.

La ritualidad de los grupos humanos está íntimamente ligada a su cosmovisión, a su organización social, así como con aquellos elementos que les otorgan identidad. Las modificaciones corporales que se han estudiado tradicionalmente en la antropología física, como son la modificación intencional el cráneo, el limado dental, la lesión suprainiana y la trepanación, deben ser consideradas como expresión de los elementos antes mencionados. El significado de cada una de ellas solo puede ser entendido...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Santiago Uceda. Henry Gayoso. Feren Castillo. Enrique Zavaleta. Carlos Rengifo.

Los antiguos estudios sobre la cultura Moche, o Mochica, consideraban que un mega Niño (550-600 d.C.) fue la causa del abandono del sitio y el traslado de la capital Moche a Galindo. Los datos recuperados en los últimos 25 años en el complejo arqueológico Huacas del Sol y de la Luna ofrecen una secuencia ocupacional casi continua desde el siglo I d.C. hasta el siglo XIV. Durante este tiempo se han identificado tres grandes periodos: los dos primeros corresponden a la ocupación Moche y el tercero...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mariela Viridiana Madrid González.

Los artefactos líticos han formado parte de la vida cotidiana de las sociedades humanas desde épocas muy remotas. Para las antiguas sociedades mesoamericanas, estos artefactos fueron habituales y sumamente importantes, principalmente utilizados para el procesamiento de alimentos y la trituración de minerales. El análisis detallado permitiría examinar, en términos funcionales, el sistema de organización de una sociedad y periodos cronológicos a los que pertenecen, al igual que, los espacios en...

DOCUMENT Citation Only María del Domínguez. Yolanda Espinosa Morales. Javier Reyes Trujeque. Francisca Zalaquett Rock. William Joseph Folan.

Estudios recientes derivados de la caracterización de instrumentos musicales de Calakmul, Campeche, México, procedentes de las Estructuras II y III, han revelado importante información respecto a la relación que mantuvo Calakmul con ciertas tradiciones, más que alfareras desde el punto de vista estilístico con otras entidades políticas mayas. Es visible la presencia, en algunos instrumentos musicales, de rasgos y atributos procedentes de otras regiones mayas que nos hacen pensar en el indudable...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julien Sion. Alejandro Patiño-Contreras. Divina Perla Barrera.

Aun cuando Naachtun, una capital regional clásica, compartió una tradición cerámica con otros sitios del norte del Petén, en particular con la Cuenca Mirador, y recibió en ciertas épocas de su ocupación una fuerte influencia proveniente de ciudades del centro (Tikal-Uaxactun), además aparecen en su colección cerámica recipientes que reflejan intercambios con otras regiones de las Tierras Bajas. Dentro de esta cerámica importada, una cantidad significativa proviene del oeste de las Tierras Bajas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emilio Ibarra. Laura Ortíz-Tenorio.

Dentro de la gran cantidad de material arqueológico recuperado en la Séptima Temporada del Proyecto Templo Mayor se encuentran los microrrestos botánicos, elementos que al reflejar la flora regional nos permiten inferir sobre las actividades de tipo rituales y sagradas realizadas en torno a Tlaltecuhtli al pie del Templo Mayor. Esto cobra importancia si recordamos que para el pueblo Mexica, las plantas jugaban un papel importante en su cosmovisión, relacionándose no sólo con elementos como la...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luis Jaramillo.

Investigaciones recientes en la cuenca baja del río Teusacá -la zona del valle de Sopó-, han proporcionado información regional que permite revisitar con nuevos datos, el tema siempre interesante de cuál era el grado de complejidad de los muiscas -y cuál su patrón general de asentamiento-, al ser ésta considerada como una –sino la más compleja- de las sociedades encontradas por los españoles alrededor de 1540 en el actual territorio de Colombia. A pesar de que ésta perspectiva ha sido respaldada...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lourdes Budar. Sara Ladrón de Guevara.

Recientemente, en la zona costera de la Sierra de Santa Marta en Los Tuxtlas, Ver., se lleva a cabo la investigación de un sistema portuario prehispánico. En esta contribución se mostrará visualmente el impacto político y económico que tuvo este sistema en la región.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Miriam Judith Gallegos Gomora. Ricardo Armijo Torres. Manuel Acosta Alejandro.

Situado a 2600 metros al noreste de Gran Acrópolis de la ciudad de Comalcalco, Tabasco se descubrió un gran depósito funerario que incluyó 51 urnas funerarias, 115 esqueletos humanos y un cánido. Además, se identificaron cuatro horadaciones en el suelo que aparentemente sólo presentaban tierra en su interior. Los análisis de la muestra esquelética han permitido conocer mayores características físicas de la población que residió en la periferia del asentamiento, pero en especial conocer algunos...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Raul E. Garcia Chavez. David Arreola.

Durante el Clásico, las figurillas teotihuacanas, han sido consideradas representaciones de deidades. Recientes estudios, se han enfocado sobre la posibilidad de que esas figurillas representen retratos de altos dignatarios, como gobernantes o guerreros, y cuyas imágenes habrían sido veneradas como parte de una ideología de estado. Las figurillas despliegan una gran variedad de "tocados" entre los que destacan los de mariposas, que se asociarian con altos dignatarios y el poder político.Con la...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven Gallagher.

The 19th and 20th century Chinese diaspora directly contributed to the economic and social development of many nations in the Asia-Pacific region. It also had one unforeseen effect as many if not most Chinese who traveled overseas to seek safety or economic gain for themselves and their family had a deep-rooted desire to have their corpse returned for burial to their home village in China, as evidenced by the wreck SS Ventnor whose hold carried the remains of almost 500 Chinese from the New...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Gleason.

This paper focuses on previously unnoticed evidence for the pruning and dwarfing of plants represented in Roman garden paintings, such as the well-known example from the Villa of Livia at Prima Porta. Dozens of other examples of detailed garden scenes are preserved at Pompeii and Herculaneum. Their trompe l'oeil effects created interior garden settings for both living and dining spaces, as well as to extended the perceived extent of actual gardens in exterior courtyards of shops, houses, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Koenig. Stephen Black.

On the northeast fringe of the Chihuahuan Desert, one of the largest rockshelters in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands, Eagle Cave, preserves an extraordinary record of hunter-gatherer life spanning more than 10,000 years. Ongoing investigations by the Ancient Southwest Texas Project of Texas State University beginning winter of 2015 have re-excavated a 4-meter deep trench through the center of this massive rockshelter in order to document and sample complex stratigraphy and to stabilize and backfill...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dorian Fuller. Chris Stevens.

The steppe zone of northern China and the savanna zones of India both produced indigenous domestication of numerous small-grained Panicoid cereals, i.e. millets. This presentation will explore parallels in the processes of domestication of these crops, including comparisons of ecological characteristics of wild progenitors, the seasonal mobility of early cultivators, and shared domestication traits and the current state of the their documentation in archaeobotanical evidence. Millets for the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanna Ostapkowicz. Emma Slayton. John Pouncett. Alice Knaf. Gareth Davies.

Of the many islands of the Caribbean, the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos—together comprising the Lucayan archipelago—were settled relatively late, seeing seasonal to permanent occupation from ca. AD 600 to 1000. A uniquely Lucayan material culture quickly emerged, from Palmetto ceramics to a distinctive style of wood carving (i.e., duhos/ceremonial seats). While rich in many resources, the Bahamas/TCI are strictly limited in others, notably the absence of hard stone in a purely limestone...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Feathers. Tristan Carter. Daniel Contreras. Christelle Lahaye. Katheryn Campeau.

Survey and ongoing excavations at the Stélida chert source and prehistoric stone tool quarry on the island of Naxos in the Aegean have yielded numerous lithic artifacts of Paleolithic and Mesolithic types. One implication is that the Greek islands may have been inhabited prior to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, a conclusion also drawn from a recently discovered site on Crete (Strasser et al JQS 2011). The Naxos site may be older, and its associated corpus of lithic material is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nan Gonlin. Christine C. Dixon.

It is only through light that darkness is visible. The anthropology of luminosity as put forth by Bille and Sørensen (2007) regards light as something to be manipulated, matter which is used in cultural practices. In what ways did the ancient Maya light up the night and illuminate dark places? Evidence for ancient lighting is contained in artifacts and features, epigraphy, iconography, language, ethnohistory, and history, as well as the ethnographic record. Some of the major topics that we will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Killick. Frances Hayashida.

We report here the archaeometallurgical analysis of residues associated with two banks of four lung-powered copper smelting furnaces at site 256AO1, discovered during Hayashida's full-coverage survey of the Pampa de Chaparri in 2008. Calibrated radiocarbon dates place the operation of the furnaces in the Middle Sican period, ca. 1000-1200 cal AD. The furnaces are similar in size and shape to those excavated by Shimada and Epstein at Cerro Huaringa, which is only 15 km away; the smelting process...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leo Demski.

Before the invention of refrigeration and electrically produced ice, naturally harvested ice was an important seasonal commodity for food storage and heat regulation. In 1852, Boston ice was shipped to San Francisco and sold as a luxury. High demand soon led entrepreneurs to look for closer sources of ice, first in Russian controlled Alaska, and then in the Californian Sierra Nevada Mountains along the newly-completed transcontinental railroad line. The railroad transported ice to customers,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emiliano Gallaga.

At the beginning of 2016, a EAHNM archaeologist performed a rescue project in the Cueva de Avendaños, municipality of San Francisco de Borja, Chihuahua, as a result of a complaint. There, the land owner decided to level the cave surface with a bulldozer not knowing that an archaeological site lay beneath. The result was the destruction of a pre-Hispanic funerary context which included the remains of at least three mummified individuals accompanied by textiles, basketry, string, leather, shell...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gertrude Kilgore. Brooke Bonorden. Brett Houk.

Following the outbreak of the Caste War in the Yucatán (1847-1901), a group of San Pedro Maya established the village of Kaxil Uinic in northwestern Belize (formerly British Honduras). In the wake of the Battle of San Pedro between British and Maya forces in 1867, the Lieutenant Governor of British Honduras issued a decree to delegitimize San Pedro Maya claims to land, undermining their subsistence economy and forcing them into wage labor for the logging and chicle industries. O. Nigel Bolland...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Qiaowei Wei.

Research on salt production in Ancient China has been examining the function, typology, and chronology of a certain type of ceramic vessel, the kuixingqi (Helmet-shaped vessel). Instead of examining typology of Kuixingqi vessels from salt workshops at North Shandong region, dated to 3000 BC, I began by looking at how those Kuixingqi vessels made and transported into the salt workshops, if those vessels are not made locally. I will present the findings of the ceramic petrographic analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven Hackenberger. Douglas MacFarland. James Brown.

Sedimentation and soil formation on uplands of the Columbia Plateau are strongly influenced by climate, tephras, erosion of arid lands, and fire regimes. Magnetic susceptibility of in situ strata, and laboratory samples from arroyo profiles of the Yakima Upland Fold Belt can help untangle the interactions of these processes in shaping natural and cultural landscapes. Records from four profiles of overlapping age (500 to 9000 BP) are compared. Data for mass specific magnetic susceptibility are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Moy.

A team from UCLA in cooperation with the Tigrai Culture and Tourism Agency and the Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage of Ethiopia has completed two excavation seasons at the site of Mai Adrasha located about 70 kilometers west of the ancient capital of Aksum. With the information gathered in these excavations, we can now begin to compare Mai Adrasha to neighboring sites and place it within its regional framework. Radiocarbon dates from the first season of excavation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Warren.

In the final decades before the Spanish invasion of the Andes, the Inka Empire struggled to maintain its eastern frontier against the imminent threat posed by the invading lowland Chiriguano peoples. Located within this sparsely populated and loosely connected borderland region was the settlement of Pulquina Arriba, an Inka tampu (waystation) strategically constructed along a preexisting indigenous road network that ran adjacent to a rich river valley. The area’s inhabitants were involved in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kevin M. O'Briant.

Archaeologists, historians, and other scholars in the heritage sector share a responsibility to public interpretation, education, and the dissemination of our current understandings of the past often while challenging myths and dominant histories that clash with those interpretations. Use of dense academic jargon in archaeological publications represents a significant barrier to public engagement with our work, and narrow specializations prevent us from deploying our investigative tools to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Jordan.

In his 1544 voyage to Maluku, Galvao noted that residents "make little use of pots." Despite their purported "little use," earthenware is ubiquitous in Metal Age Malukan sites, but few detailed studies of these assemblages have been presented in the literature. In this paper, I reviewed the ceramic assemblages from multi-component sites in the Banda Islands, Maluku Province, Indonesia. The Banda Islands were the world's sole source of nutmeg prior to the 17th century and was a center of early...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Niklas Hausmann. Demetrios Anglos.

The chemical composition of carbonate shell from palaeoecological and archaeological assemblages is laborious to analyse, yet the information that is locked within shell deposits worldwide contains valuable insights on past environments and human ecology. At present, studies struggle with the acquisition of sufficient amounts of data to make robust interpretations. Large amounts of information are inaccessible due to costly and time-intensive techniques. Here we aim to develop the technique of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Annelou Van Gijn. Matilda Sebire.

Experimental research of different ways of shaping and perforating amber beads has provided insight into the signatures of different manufacturing techniques and the character of the tools involved. Using stereo and incident light microscopy it was for example possible to distinguish the features from the use of metal tools from the traces resulting from flint implements. Perforating amber with drills made of different raw materials like wood, metal, flint and antler, also show considerable...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Compton.

3D technologies provide a powerful mechanism for documenting, sharing, and engaging with archaeological information. While the products of these tools (including 3D models and 3D prints) are often treated as neutral objects, they should be identified as mediated and interpretive entities. How people experience, perceive, and value these archaeological "copies" in relation to original archaeological material is still relatively unknown. This poster provides a localised case study from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Martin Bell.

Archaeologists focus on sites. This paper looks at ways of identifying patterns of habitual movement that made those sites part of a living landscape. It draws on palaeoenvironmental evidence, ethnohistory from the American North-West Coast and the micro-scale of human footprints. Patterns of movement by people and animals create structures within landscape, which influence the activities of subsequent generations and the perspectives from which they encounter and perceive landscape. Paths ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Montserrat Morales. Edsel Robles-Martinez.

The archeozoological studies about secondary contexts (dumps and construction fills) are important as they explain the customs of the people in a particular time. These studies, normally, are excluded from the archeological studies as funerary offerings, burials, activity areas, and so on, are the aim study of the archeology. Moreover, the secondary contexts, as they are not related to systemic contexts, are considered informatively poor. We studied the faunal remains of a Mexican colonial dump...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shuxiang Chen. Qifeng Xi.

Since November 2014, the Hubei Provincial Institute of Archaeology have found 123 tombs in Tonglushan Sifangtang Cemetery, Daye, Hubei province in China. It is the first time for Tonglushan ancient copper mine site and Chinese mining archaeology to find laborers' cemetery, which is highly related to mining site. Given its wide distributed area, well protected situation, and rich clues related to mining culture, this achievement provides significant data for understanding the management of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jodi Reeves Flores. M. Scott Thompson.

Currently, rock art research generates large amounts of digital data, both un-structured and structured. This paper discusses the significant role that digital data management systems and repositories such as the Digital Archaeological Record (tDAR) can play in the examination, management, and long-term curation of these data. tDAR is a dynamic digital platform that allows archaeologists to conduct research with and manage their data. The paper describes how rock art researchers can use tDAR to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sunny Ngirmang. Camilla Borrevik. Calvin Emesiochel. Errolflynn Kloulechad. Derek Benjamin.

A goal for cultural heritage management is to advance the comprehensive preservation, conservation and management of cultural resources, defined as the broad array of stories, knowledge, people, places, structures, objects, and the associated environment that contribute to the maintenance of cultural identity and/or reveal the prehistoric, historic and contemporary human interactions with an ecosystem. Involving the state and local community in regular management, activities, and projects should...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Gray Jones.

This paper seeks to situate the phenomena of ‘loose’ human bones in the Mesolithic of north-west Europe within a wider understanding of the role of post-mortem manipulation of the body in the mortuary practices of these Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Whilst originally interpreted as the remains of disturbed burials, assemblages of disarticulated human remains have begun to be accepted as evidence for alternative mortuary practices, though their specific nature has so far received little critical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Troy Lovata.

Chicana/o scholars Levi Romero and Vanessa Fonseca define the Manito Trail as a late 19th through mid-20th century diaspora of New Mexicans traveling to work across the state of Wyoming. Manitos labored in herding, ranching, farming, mining and lumber extraction, as well as in-town jobs. Some returned to New Mexico annually while others made Wyoming their permanent residence; yet most never fully lost contact with their homeland. Although Wyoming has a small Hispanic population whose presence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Israel Hershkovitz. Bruce Latimer. Hila May. Rachel Sarig. Ofer Marder.

Manot is a nearly-sealed, active karstic cave located in the hilly landscape of the western Galilee, Israel. It contains abundant archaeological accumulations attributed to the early phase of the Upper Palaeolithic (UP) period as well as evidence for the Middle Palaeolithic (MP). During the initial survey of the cave (2008), a nearly complete calvaria (Manot 1) was found. The specimen was dated to ~55 ky by the U-Th method. In an earlier study, Hershkovitz et al 2015 described the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hila May. Bruce Latimer. Omry Barzilai. Ofer Marder. Israel Hershkovitz.

The Manot 1 calvaria demonstrates a mosaic of "archaic" and modern traits. Although the taxonomic significance of this combination of features is not clear, a similar combination of archaic and modern features exists in the fossil record across sub-Saharan African and the Middle East until after 35 kya. The aim of the current study is to examine the possibility that the Aduma skull, Ethiopia (60-90 kya) is the mother population that gave rise to the Manot Cave hominins. This was carried out by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter Whitridge.

Schematic harvesting scenes incised on tools are a stock variety of both precontact and historic Inuit graphic art. They sometimes seem to depict historically specific events, which they effectively commemorate, and have real (sometimes precise) informational content that must have been important for the dissemination of technical harvesting knowledge among a hunter’s peers, and its inter-generational transfer. However, the harvesting setups – such as a boatload of hunters on the verge of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emiliano Melgar. Joan Mathien.

There are thousands of turquoise objects found in different sites of the American Southwest, and Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, is known as one of the principal areas that concentrated most of them. Unfortunately, most of the researches about these stones had been focused on their symbolic meaning, morphology, provenance, trade and use, but very few study their manufacturing traces and the organization of their production. In this paper, we will present a technological/traceological approach to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cara G. Tremain.

Glossy sales catalogues published by high-end auction houses present a seemingly endless supply of antiquities for purchase from around the world. These catalogues offer insight into market trends and allow the volume of antiquities being bought and sold at auction to be monitored. At a time when the internet auction market is growing, and the publication of information in catalogue form is declining, it is important to record and share data from available sales catalogues. This paper presents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria Moses.

The Romans had a strong interest in the natural world. Their relationships with animals extended from animals as food source to animals as exotic curiosities and everything in between. Dogs held a complicated position for the Romans, filling a wide range of roles. For example, dogs could be companions, war weapons, street cleaners, or victims of sacrifice. This variety shows how dogs were conceptualized sometimes as individuals and pets, sometimes as pests, and other times as powerful and almost...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathlyn Stewart. Grant Keddie. Susan Crockford. Gay Frederick. Rebecca J. Wigen.

Most discussions of the ‘complex’ fishing-gathering-hunting peoples of the Northwest Coast (NWC) focus on the Marpole Phase sites around the Fraser River Delta, BC. These contain evidence of developed social structures, an economy based on huge salmon runs and storage, and sophisticated art/architecture, and discussions of contributing factors to these traits usually focus on the perennial access to the Fraser River salmon runs. In contrast to Marpole sites are nearby ‘Islands’ sites, located...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebekah Vermillion. Miguel Delgado Ku. Timothy Hare.

During our 2016 field season, we mapped and created 3D models of several sites in the Northern Yucatán that were scheduled for destruction due to highway expansion. We used unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs/drones) to carry photographic equipment to collect both vertical and oblique photos of the site. The resulting photos were processed in photogrammetric software to generate an orthorectified photo mosaic and a 3D model of the entire area. These products were integrated into a GIS to facilitate...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy Hare. Rebekah Vermillion. Madison Cissell.

Using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs/drones) to carry photographic equipment and photogrammetric processing of resulting data simplifies and accelerates mapping, 3D modeling, and environmental reconstruction. Construction and expansion of highways through Mayapán and the surrounding region are destroying valuable archaeological remains and environmental features. The 2016 field season targeted these areas for rapid recording and depended on UAV photography and photogrammetric processing for site...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madison Cissell. Carlos Peraza Lope. Timothy Hare.

During our 2016 field season, we mapped and created 3D models of Mayapán's monumental center and several major architectural features. Located in the Northern Yucatán approximately 40km south of Modern Mérida, Mexico, Mayapán was the largest ancient Maya political capital of the Postclassic Period and was one of the most densely nucleated of all Maya cities. It was a key center of political, religious, and economic activity. Mayapán's monumental zone is relatively small, but contains a dense...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Holley Moyes.

Maps are symbols. While we often think of them as representations of the real world, they are in fact interpretations of the space no matter how accurately and precisely produced. Maps tell a story-YOUR story. Maps make an argument. No two people will map a space in exactly the same way and no two stories will be completely alike. While some researchers are primarily concerned about precision and accuracy in representation, others focus on more humanistic, sensory, or phenomenological elements....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lorena Craig.

This study seeks to understand the means of dissemination of oral cultural traditions of Oceania across time and geographic space. I hypothesize evolutionary trees produced from analysis of creation myths provide a means to infer prehistoric migrations routes. Additionally, creation myths and language have parallel evolutionary history and form a combined set of core cultural traditions. In order to test these hypotheses, creation myths, selected from the earliest recorded versions from Oceania,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Damion Sailors.

Customary Fijian fishing weirs, known locally as 'moka', are an archaeological feature type that can be readily identified due to their large size, uniform shape, and conspicuous location on the tidal flats and shorelines of both high and low islands. Recent advances in remote sensing technology have allowed for an improved survey of Fijian fishing weirs adding to the existing inventory and informing upon early settlement patterns in the Fiji Island group. While 'moka' do not play a major part...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Birge.

Ritual trails and geoglyphs in the Andes date back as far as 400 BC and are perhaps best represented in the Nasca lines and the ceques of Cusco. In western Bolivia, the Sajama lines are a network of ritual trails that cover an estimated 22,000 square kilometers and connect pucaras, chullpas, villages, and chapels. Although this ritualized landscape was heavily modified during the Colonial (1532-1820) and Republican (1821-1952) eras, these pathways had prehistoric use by the local Carangas. These...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nanny Kim.

About 43 very important silver mines and some 6 copper mines are known to have been worked between the early 15th and the mid-19th century across the Far Southwest of China and in the borderlands beyond. Written sources on mining in the Ming and Qing periods are so scarce that in some cases we identified sites before eventually finding their historical names. Under ideal research conditions, this paper would present archaeological surveys on these sites. In the real world of greatly improved...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shannon Warren. Michael Ziegler. Silindokuhle Mavuso. Tamara Dogandžic. Kathryn Ranhorn.

The Ileret region of the Koobi Fora Formation (KF Fm.), located in Kenya’s Turkana Basin, has historically been the focus of extensive archaeological research. Mid-Late Pleistocene units have previously lacked defined sedimentary beds due to an understudied unconformity of the upper Chari Member (1.34 Ma to 10 Ka). This represents a substantial limit to Middle Stone Age (MSA) research. Recent fieldwork (2016) incorporated a geoarchaeological survey of the upper Chari Member. Here we describe and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benito Guzman.

This pilot study examines lithic artifact scatters recorded in the Colorado Desert of California. The data set used in this research was compiled from several Cultural Resource Management (CRM) projects that have taken place in the study area. Tierra Environmental Services of San Diego collected large portions of data located on cobblestone terraces in Imperial County, California between 2011 and 2013 (smaller sections have been recorded by various environmental consulting firms since the mid...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jarrod Burks.

The Merrell Tract is located west of Monk’s Mound and just outside downtown Cahokia. It is well known for excavations of the famous Woodhenge at its west end and a large residential district at the east end. However, very little is known about what lies between. In 2012 and 2013, with logistical funding from the Cahokia Mounds Museum Society and the Illinois Association for Advancement of Archaeology, a large-area magnetic survey was undertaken to determine the density and extent of the area’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alanna Ossa.

This study analyzes the spatial patterns of ceramics from 65 archaeological residential inventories from the center of Sauce and its hinterland to address the appearance of markets and the spatial structure of exchange during the Middle Postclassic period (A.D. 1200-1350) in south-central Veracruz, Mexico. For Postclassic Mesoamerica, the collapse of the Classic period states is identified as a factor in market development. However, economic development is rarely the result of a coherent...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Terren Proctor. Steven A. Wernke.

Least cost path has been the method most commonly employed by archaeologists in attempts to determine routes from one site to another. This is due to the relative ease of use of this particular tool, as well as because of the parsimonious logic of this approach. The tool is also particularly useful where material remains of roads are no longer visible. However, the use of network analysis provides a more realistic possible route by taking into account known possible paths. Network analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meaghan Efford. Nicole Smirl. Brittany Walker.

The Emanu-el Jewish Cemetery in Victoria, BC, Canada contains a wide array of plot sizes and monument styles. This project focuses on the marble monuments dating from 1860 to 1910, many of which are now lying flat and cemented in place because they are too fragile to stand on their own. Marble monuments were popular because of their beauty and the malleability of this type of stone. The elliptical shaped pores allows for more water and acids to enter and move into the stone, and the calcium...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Webster.

Although, the rural Irish are often characterized as a geographically and economically isolated people, their material culture reveals that in the nineteenth century, they were part of a growing global economy—one that circulated both goods and people around the British Empire and beyond. While the industrial revolution and the spread of capitalism allowed for greater access to a variety of goods for the rural Irish, they also maintained a class system that perpetually confined the rural poor to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alejandro Valdes. Lissandra Gonzales. Mijaely Castañón. José Luis Punzo.

A través de la historia, los rituales y formas de enterrar a los muertos han variado entre grupos culturales y regiones. Mesoamérica y particularmente su área occidente no fueron la excepción. En este territorio se han descubierto tumbas acompañadas de ofrendas desde épocas correspondientes al periodo Formativo y que, con el paso del tiempo, constituyeron verdaderas tradiciones funerarias. La zona arqueológica de Tingambato se encuentra en el límite sur del poblado que lleva el mismo nombre en...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Yu Hirasawa. Ren Iwanami. Masaki Naganuma. Andrzej Weber. Hirofumi Kato.

Since 2011, BHAP and JSPS Core to Core program have been conducted the joint archaeological investigation at Hamanaka 2 site on Rebun Island, Northern Japan. This site has been recognized as important sand dune site that provided well-preserved archaeological materials date back to middle Jomon period (ca. 5,500 - 4,500 cal BP). Interdisciplinary studies conducted by participating scholars produced significant outcomes in archaeology, physical anthropology, molecular biology, paleobotany and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alison J T Harris. Ana T. Duggan. Stephanie Marciniak. Hendrik Poinar. Vaughan Grimes.

Port au Choix-3 (4800-3600 B.P.) is a large Maritime Archaic mortuary site in northwestern Newfoundland. Since the 1940s, archaeological excavations have yielded thousands of artifacts and the skeletal remains of over 100 individuals. This site has been instrumental for defining the Maritime Archaic tradition, and for understanding human-environment interactions during the Archaic occupation of Newfoundland and Labrador. As such, it is currently the focus of a multi-isotope and ancient DNA...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Iain McKechnie.

The maritime fur trade on the Northwest Coast of North America (ca. AD 1778-1850) was a historically consequential process that unfolded throughout the Indigenous territories of the Pacific Coast. Tens of thousands of astronomically valuable sea otter pelts were traded by Indigenous chiefs with visiting ship captains, who then transported these pelts across the Pacific and sent profits home. The massive wealth generated by this colonial trade encircled the globe but also amplified existing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Francis Allard.

Consisting of the present-day provinces of Guangxi and Guangdong, the Lingnan region was from early on impacted by political and cultural forces centered to its north. Following Lingnan’s brief occupation by the Qin (214 – 204 BCE), the Qin general Zhao Tuo established the independent kingdom of Nanyue, whose defeat at the hands of Han armies in 111 BCE resulted in the region’s formal incorporation into the Han Empire. Importantly, various lines of evidence dating to the Han dynasty point to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nancy Wiley. Andrew Garrison. Kassie Sugimoto.

The transition of artifacts recovered from the Bolsa Chica Mesa indicate changes in site use through different temporal periods. Early (9000-7500 BP) Bivalve Tivela beads give way to Olivella spire/end modified, then to Olivella Grooved Rectangle (OGR) beads (5500-4500BP). Transitions in bead type and manufacture can be linked to the changing coastline conditions, availability of resources, and the influx of new populations. Further, the burial practices found at the Bolsa Chica Mesa sites...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ran Boytner. Danny Zborover.

Traditional funding structure to support archaeological research consists of grants from public or private organization or donations from individuals, public or private entities. But as these traditional sources are shrinking their allocations for basic research in general, and for the social sciences in particular, archaeologists can harness the power of the market and find market solution to funding of research. This paper will examine one such case—the institution of field schools and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Taylor Thornton. Jason King. Jason Herrmann. Jane Buikstra.

The Golden Eagle (11C120) site enjoys unique status among prehistoric sites of the Lower Illinois River Valley due to its large earthen enclosure. This elliptical ditch and embankment circumscribes a number of mounds assumed to be of Middle Woodland origin (ca. 50 cal BC – cal AD 400), however, other diagnostic Middle Woodland attributes are absent. Magnetic survey and three seasons of excavations with field crews from the Center for American Archeology in Kampsville, IL have thus far revealed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joseph Douglas.

During the American Civil War, numerous Union and Confederate soldiers visited dozens of caves in the major karst areas of the border and Confederate states, often marking the subterranean walls with graffiti. In the most important karst area of all, the Mammoth Cave region of Kentucky, caves were significant (and famous) features of the landscape, possession of which was bitterly contested, especially in the military campaigns of 1862. A preliminary study of extant historic graffiti at several...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jack Corbett. Nelly Robles Garcia.

Archaeological research frequently produces material elements we seek to safeguard for the benefit of future generations, a goal that requires organizational support and a mix of resources. When the research materials pass to the responsibility of communities or groups with limited preparation and resources for management of said materials, we encounter a serious disconnect between the accomplishments of research and the long-term viability of archaeological resources. In Mexico the long...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colleen Parsley.

A mass grave of cremated individuals representing 15,353 comingled bone fragments representing 65 individuals was uncovered from the ancient Northwest Coast archaeological site of DgRw-17, a continuously occupied Stz’uminus First Nation village in Kulleet Bay. Cremation of multiple individuals buried in a mass grave is not an established burial tradition or mortuary practice of any Coast Salish community. Mass graves of comingled and cremated human remains may represent ossuaries or episodic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zhe Zhang.

Houtaomuga is a late Neolithic site located in the northeast of China. A special feature G2 has produced a large sample of aurochs (Bos primigenius) skeletal remains. Examination of the assemblage in G2, including bone quantity, surface modification and mortality profile suggests a site of mass aurochs procurement that took place during late summer to fall. Feasting is suggested to be a likely reason that could lead to this mass deposition.