Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions) 2016

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marijo Gauthier-Bérubé.

The Machault, a French frigate, sank in Chaleur Bay, Québec, in the context of the Seven Years War, in 1760. Built in Bayonne, the archaeological analysis of the frigate gave us a unique vision of the 18th century shipbuilding industry. Coming from a privation shipyard next to the Arsenal of Bayonne, the Machault lay amidst a clash between regional shipbuilding traditions and the globalisation of naval techniques in Europe.   The study of the ship’s structural remains provides a unique view of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gary F. Coppock.

It was during a standard Phase I archaeological survey for a proposed Centre County industrial park that the buried remains of a 19th-century industrial plant − the Valentine Iron Ore Washing Plant (36CE526) − were discovered.  Subsequent investigations revealed not only the layout of the facility, but also the important role that a local ironmaster had on the entire iron industry.  In 1815 several Valentine brothers relocated to Centre County to lease an idle iron furnace.  Soon they were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren M Christian.

The lighthouses of North Carolina were originally constructed to aid navigation through treacherous waterways, but the advancement of modern navigational equipment has diminished their necessity for that purpose. In 2000, the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act was enacted to see to the transference of federally owned historic light stations to qualified new stewards. Today, the National Parks Service, private organizations, and community associations manage the lighthouses on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel Battle.

One of America's bloodiest Revolutionary War Battlefields remained lost and poorly understood until recently. The use of LiDAR mapping and terrain analysis, metal detection, and cadaver dogs, characteristics of a complicated battlefield environ revealed themselves. The Battle of Brier Creek, Screven County, Georgia was the first open land engagement of the British Southern Winter Campaign of 1778-1779. It was also the first Patriot offensive in the South against an overwhelming British force...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexis K Ohman.

Since 2007, excavations at Betty’s Hope plantation have yielded a large amount of faunal material from a variety of contexts on the site: the Great House, Service Quarters, Rum Distillery, and Slave Village. The faunal analysis has begun for the Great House and Service Quarters contexts by focusing on the fish and mollusks in order to ascertain the roles of local vs. nonlocal/imported resources and their incorporation into English foodways at Betty’s Hope. Excavations in the Slave Village began...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joana Isabel Palma Baço.

Historical archaeology research has proven that Lagos bay was a mercantile hub for more than two millennia, with maritime traffic reaching as far as Northern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa, and Egypt. Fishing activity in the bay, is even more ancient than maritime traffic. Our study has located and research a large collection of anchors related to this maritime activity in Lagos. We intend to present a series of typologies, including previously unknown examples and show how these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Gibb. Sarah N. Janesko.

The Anthropocene epoch, garnering the interest of geologists and environmental scientists for the past decade, has now entered the archaeological lexicon. As in other disciplines, questions remain about what Anthropocene means and when it began, as well as how it differs from the Holocene. This presentation explores some of these issues and offers a ground-up approach by which conventional approaches in archaeology might be adapted to a reassessment of the human experience and the role of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cayla L. Hill.

St. Joseph’s College was located within St. Paul, Oregon, the first Roman Catholic mission in the Pacific Northwest. It was established in 1839 by Father Francois Blanchet, four years after the French-Canadian settlers in the area had requested the presence of a Catholic priest. On October 17, 1843, St. Joseph’s College was officially dedicated, becoming the first Catholic boarding school for boys within the Oregon Territory. The school eventually closed in June 1849 due to the mass exodus of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Russell K. Skowronek. Rolando Garza.

In 2015 the "Rio Grande Valley Civil War Trail" (www.utpa.edu/civilwar-trail ) opened in South Texas. Spearheaded by the Community Historical Archaeology Project with Schools (CHAPS) Program of the University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley with federal, state and local partners it is the only trail in Texas dedicated to the era of the American Civil War.  The trail connects Brownsville on the Gulf of Mexico with Laredo some 200 miles up the Rio Grande.  It includes battlefields, forts, and historic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew A. Kalos.

On evening of September 20, 1777, and into the morning hours of September 21, British Major General Charles Gray led an elite force of British soldiers on a nighttime bayonet raid on American General Anthony Wayne’s encamped troops. The bloody attack enraged the Patriots, and the battle became engrained in American ideology as the Paoli Massacre.  Although the battle was brief, its national and local importance extends for over 225 years.  Today, archaeology at the Paoli Battlefield seeks to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Travis G. Parno. Andrew J. Koh. Sarah Schofield-Mansur.

The town of Concord, Massachusetts played a critical role in the American Revolutionary War and will forever be linked to this momentous military conflict. While this connection is understandable, Concord has a rich history of indigenous, European, and American life dating back thousands of years. The McGrath Farm site is an excellent example of this complicated and storied past. Once a portion of a farm owned by prominent Revolutionary War figure Col. James Barrett, the McGrath Farm reflects...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew T. Elverson.

The City of San Antonio’s Unified Development Code (UDC) contains some of the strongest preservation ordinances in the country for the protection of archaeological resources. In accordance with the UDC, the Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) conducts an archaeological review of new development in the city, specifically within one of the city’s 27 local historic districts, locally designated landmark properties, public property, within the river improvement overlay district. Private...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arthur R Clausnitzer Jr.

As much as popular histories overlook it, the cod fishery of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries brought the first significant numbers of Europeans to North American shores and provided the earliest colonists in the northeast with an economic foundation from which to build new societies. As an industry which was an important staple for two regions the cod fisheries deserve careful study, but it has only been in the last decades that archaeologists and historians have undertaken critical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney H. Buchanan. Amber M Madrid. Brittany N Lucero. Michael McGurk. Jennifer E Perry.

This paper presents the findings from the first year of a new historic archaeology research project on Santa Rosa Island, one of the five islands of Channel Islands National Park off the coast of southern California. A new, multi-year project dedicated to recording the extant historic structures and sites related to the 19th- and 20th-century ranching complex was started in 2014, instigated by the recent opening of the Santa Rosa Island Research Station. Since May 2014, four CSU Channel Islands...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Terry Brock.

While the domestic lives of enslaved families and communities are a critical element of understanding enslaved life, the majority of each day was spent carrying out work for their masters. Recent excavations at Montpelier have begun to examine structures related to the work of James Madison's domestic slaves. These excavations include work on the extant kitchen and two smokehouses, buildings clearly designed for the support of the Montpelier Mansion. However, the proximity of these structures to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen A Hutchins.

The paper will explore how the African-American residents of a late 18th- and 19th-century community called Parting Ways in Plymouth, Massachusetts constructed a homeplace in the years following their emancipation from slavery. Beyond their importance to household productivity, daily practices—for example, cooking, eating meals, taking tea, and household chores—constituted social interactions and exchanges between individuals that fostered a sense of security and strengthened the bonds of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Clete Rooney. David Morgan. Kevin C. MacDonald.

This paper discusses recent findings and interpretations at the 18th century plantation of Pierre Metoyer, a prominent resident of French colonial Louisiana. Metoyer is historically best known for his relationship with Marie-Thérèse Coincoin, a freed slave of African descent living in the Natchitoches area in the 1700s and one of the most important founding ancestors of the regional Creole community. Since 2011 the National Park Service’s Southeast Archeological Center (SEAC) has been assisting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mara A Deckinga.

In mid-nineteenth century Britain, the dramatic disappearance of Sir John Franklin and his men led to a large-scale search conducted throughout the Arctic by sailing ships and steamers.  The rescue expeditions, conducted over a twelve-year span, highlight the shift from reliance on sail to the prevalence of steam during this period.  HMS Pioneer (formerly the merchant Eider), was built as a topsail schooner with oscillating steam engine, and later outfitted as part of an Arctic squadron.  The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Clare M Votaw. Brianna Patterson.

The Guthrie family first came to America from Ireland around 1720 and settled in St. Charles County, Missouri in 1816. The family owned many acres of land, which they passed down through the generations.  Archaeological work on the Guthrie Farmstead commenced due to impending impact on the property for housing development. A cultural resource management company conducted thorough and extensive work on the farmstead, which revealed a homestead site (23SC1041) on the property. The site was a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Sperling.

The Fairfaxx County (Virginia) Park Authority mission statement specifies the, "…protection and enhancement of…, cultural heritage to guarantee that these resources will be available to both present and future generations." When staff preservationists identified the need to stabilize a historic meathouselocated at an eighteenth century house site built by a member of the county’s namesake family, it presented the opportunity to demonstrate commitment to this mission.  In order to stabilize the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only LisaMarie Malischke.

Part of the future of Historical Archaeology is the re-examination of existing collections by applying new research questions. An example of this is Fort St. Pierre (1719-1729), where a productive fourth year of excavations in the 1970s went unpublished. In re-examining the whole artifact assemblage with its associated architectural features, I gathered new information regarding daily life at the fort. Using an ethnohistorical approach I constructed the political situation that surrounded the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erik R Farrell.

Among the artifacts from the wreck of Queen Anne’s Revenge (QAR), the artillery represents a particularly evocative and informative subset. Conserving a cannon protects the object, reveals archaeological information, and allows for impressive museum displays for public education. However, the conservation of an individual cannon represents one of the largest single-object expenditures of time and materials of any subset of QAR artifacts. These expenditures must be prioritized within the ongoing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James C Dunnigan.

Since 1959 the continuous archaeological investigations at Fort Michilimackinac have shaped our understanding of colonial life in the Great Lakes. The fort served as the center of a vast, multicultural trade network. While the Fort’s interior continues to be vigorously excavated, little attention has been given to the larger village that emerged outside the Fort’s walls in the latter half of the eighteenth century. Summer excavations from 1970-1973, conducted by Lyle Stone, attempted to explore...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert DeMuth. Kelsey Noack Myers. Joshua J Wells. Stephen Yerka. David Anderson. Eric Kansa. Sarah W. Kansa.

Unlike prehistoric archaeology, there is no general unified system by which historical archaeological sites are classified. This problem, which is in part due to recognized biases in the recording of historic archaeological sites, has resulted in numerous incompatible systems by which various states classify historic sites. This study demonstrates a first step toward providing historical archaeologists with the means of creating a more cohesive ontology for historic site reporting. The advent of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria A Cacchione. Maria Bruno.

 Isolated in a single location in central Pennsylvania within Michaux State Forrest rest the remnants of an Early Republic farmstead, a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Camp, a Prisoner of War (POW) Interrogation Center from World War Two (WWII), and a Church camp. The one common factor throughout each of these disparate time periods is the farmhouse built circa 1788. This wooden structure stood until the 1970s when the Church camp ended. Now only the stone foundation remains along with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maxwell Forton.

Excavations at the Biry house of Castroville, Texas yielded a large assemblage of buttons, which may be studied to yield a better understanding of the lives of Alsatian immigrants within the community. Buttons represent a class of material objects that are simultaneously intimate and utilitarian in nature. While buttons are used on a daily basis, we remain largely aloof to these small, discrete fasteners in our lives. This paper represents an exercise in discerning the information that buttons...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chris Underwood.

During the past twenty years, the UK among other countries has undergone a period of urban and social regeneration. As part of this process maritime environments including historic ships have been integrated into harbour and coastal redevelopments, with tourism and social wellbeing considered key components. But, has underwater cultural heritage (UCH) formed a part? The most obvious is the Mary Rose along with smaller collections housed in larger institutions. Acknowledging that innovative...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ross W. Jamieson. Fernando Astudillo. Florencio Delgado. Peter Stahl.

From 1880 to 1904 Manuel J. Cobos ran the El Progreso Plantation in the highlands of San Cristóbal in the Galapagos Islands.  This operation focused on sugar, cattle, coffee, and fruit production, exploiting the labour of convicted prisoners and indentured peons from mainland Ecuador.  Excavation of the household midden in 2014 and 2015 demonstrates that Cobos imported a variety of goods that tied this remote location in Pacific South America to a global supply chain of luxury consumer products...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alicia Valentino.

In the tide flats of Smith Cove was one of Seattle’s small shantytowns, occupied between 1911 and 1941. In 2014, construction monitoring uncovered the remnants of this community, and with it, materials representing an itinerant, low-income, multi-cultural population. The artifacts indicate the presence of Native Americans, Japanese, Chinese, and Euro-Americans, and demonstrate how Smith Cove functioned as a multi-cultural nexus of traditional practices within a modern industrialized urban...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Janene W Johnston.

The Civil War Battle of Natural Bridge was fought within miles of Tallahassee, Florida, in March of 1865. Much of the site is now the Natural Bridge Battlefield Historic State Park and a metal detector survey was conducted of previously unsurveyed portions of the state-owned land, supplementing work previously done. KOCOA analysis and the survey results provides a new landscape-based interpretation of the placement of the battle events, which will be utilized in future interpretation of this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William B. Lees.

The Oklahoma Historical Society conducted metal detector survey of the Civil War Battle of Honey Springs, Creek Nation (Oklahoma) in the 1990s. A variety of papers between 1995 and 2002 reported on different aspects of this research, but I present a comprehensive archaeological treatment of the battle here for the first time. Results show the battle to have been a series of three engagements over several miles, with a distinctly different signature at each of the three conflict locations. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Stroud Clarke. Jon Marcoux.

When analyzing archaeological sites with almost continual episodes of occupation, it is often difficult to discern distinct temporal periods; given this challenge archaeologists have long relied on a variety of methodological techniques to help narrow down dates of occupation. In 2012, Jon Marcoux published a new correspondence analysis study using over 35,000 glass trade beads in Native American mortuary contexts dated c.1607-1783 with the results indicating four discrete clusters of time. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Lowman.

The historical response and endurance of Chinese diaspora communities in California, living with legally reified racism, is a critical component of understanding the economic and social impacts of immigration restriction. Between 1876 and 1925, the Chinese employees at the Stanford Stock Farm and Stanford University impacted the development of agriculture and infrastructure through their labor and entrepreneurship as farm workers, in construction, as gardeners, and as domestic workers. Over that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Evans.

The Chase Home for Children opened in 1883, housed in an immigrant-rich neighborhood of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The Home accepted children, "without distinction of race, creed, or color*" who needed temporary or long-term care and housing. Chase Home was guided by tenants of the Progressive Era and supported solely by the local community, at a time before state welfare was available. In contrast to single religious denomination orphanages typical in Victorian America, or strict reformatory...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steve Dasovich.

Excavations collected approximately 14.4 cubic meters of a hard-packed living floor from a Fremch Colonial outbuilding for waterscreening (from 23SC2101).  This paper will discuss the partial analysis of the materials and information recovered from this mass soil collection process and draw broad conclusions about the efforts usefullness.  

DOCUMENT Citation Only Grace Tsai.

The first two decades of the seventeenth century saw a period of rapid technological advancement in shipbuilding, including ships’ rigging. This paper analyzes the changes in rigging seen in artifacts excavated from wrecks spanning from AD 1545 to 1700. Compiled from the most recent publications and/or personal correspondences, the list of artifacts include: blocks, sheaves, pins, deadeyes, chainplates, parrels, cordage, sails, and other miscellaneous parts. These remains will be analyzed to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristen A Walczesky.

The examination of faunal remains from archaeological sites provides a wealth of information pertaining to the diets of past peoples and comparative analyses allow for an in-depth understanding of similarities and differences that occur amongst sites. This research focuses on the comparative analysis of faunal data from a variety of sites located in and around Québec City. Data from a privy associated with the French (1720s-1760) and English (1760-1775) occupations of the second Intendant’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emlen Myers. Christopher Polglase. Benjamin D. Siegel. Manuel Roman. Douglas Park.

In 2014, ERM undertook an archaeological baseline survey for the Canal de Nicaragua project as part of an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. Intended to assess the entire canal route, the area examined included a 10km wide corridor from the Boca de Brito on the Pacific coast to the mouth of the Punta Gorda on the Caribbean coast (a 1,400km² impact area). This paper presents ERM’s Nicaragua project as a case study of a high level CRM effort operating within a politically charged medium...

DOCUMENT Citation Only V. Camille Westmont. Mikaela Girard.

Historical archaeology has an opportunity to tell histories that have been obscured, overlooked, or forgotten, purposefully or otherwise, through the passage of time; however, some of these facets of the past continue to ring true in the present. Archaeologists from the University of Maryland have documented patterns and stories of domestic violence in small company "patch" towns in Northeastern Pennsylvania’s Anthracite coal region covering nearly 100 years of history. Oral histories with town...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abigail E. Casavant.

From 2010-2015, the University of Rhode Island and St. Mary’s College of California conducted an underwater archaeology field school in the waters of Bermuda on a site called the "Iron Plate Wreck." Aptly named for a large block of sheet iron located at the stern, the wreck’s identity remained a mystery for over 50 years. In 2013, however, historical research provided clues to the identity of the wreck, revealing it is the Enchantress, an early 19th century British merchant vessel with a unique...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Watkins-Kenney.

At North Carolina state archaeological site 31CR314 (Queen Anne’s Revenge), the overall conservation management strategy is full excavation and recovery of all artifacts. Preservation and protection of artifacts in situ is, however, needed as long as they remain on site. Research on in situ monitoring and preservation of large iron artifacts (cannon and anchors) began in 2008. With funding provided by a Mini North Carolina Sea Grant further data was collected in 2012-2013 for eight cannon and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica L Barry.

The definition of a criminal has always been "a person who commits a crime," but the definition of a crime has been fluid through time. There are levels of severity of crimes and they all don’t carry the same weight in the justice system or in society. In Colonial Virginia, there were prisons in every county as well as a courthouse where the trials were held. This small conglomeration of buildings were at the heart of the county seat where the civil and social lives of the citizens flourished....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erica A. D'Elia.

The Old Colchester Park and Preserve (OCPP), located in southern Fairfax County along the Occoquan River, was acquired by the Fairfax County Park Authority in 2006. The nearly 145 acres of preserved parkland includes numerous prehistoric and historic sites spanning 10,000 years of human occupation. Prominent among these sites is the colonial tobacco port town of Colchester, ca. 1754-1830. Current excavations are focused on the site immediately adjacent to the cemetery, located about half a mile...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan L Schaefer. Judith A Finot.

This paper examines the archaeological remains of the Dardenne Presbyterian Church in Dardenne Prairie, Missouri. Constructed in 1845, the Church served as a gathering ground for residents of the area for both religious and social purposes. During the course of the Civil War, the Church was encountered by Union soldiers who proceeded to burn it down in 1862. Today, the remains of the church can still be found. Through selective shovel testing and excavation, various building materials have been...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abiye E. Ichaba.

By the beginning of the 19th century iron working played important roles in the economic and socio-cultural ways of the inhabitants of Abuja. The traditionally produced iron tools and implements provided the much needed tools for agriculture, warfare, trade, inter-group relations, control of the environment, and other socio-cultural developments. By c. 1800 A.D., British colonial interests in the area had increased, just like other parts of Nigeria. This paper explores the decline of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa R. Matthies-Barnes.

This study examines the presence (or absence) of professional dental restorative work in the form of fillings, crowns, bridges, or even full sets of dentures, using an integrative biocultural approach.  The dataset is derived from an intensive survey of historic cemeteries subjected to bioarchaeological analyses, and include differences in geography (urban versus rural), gender, race/ethnicity, age, and commensurate socioeconomic levels.  Since restorative dental work was both expensive and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James B Schwaderer.

The development of digital technology is transforming society, including archaeology, in new and ever-expanding ways. From theodolites and GIS to informational databases and ion dating, the technological boom of the twenty-first century has provided new tools that increase the precision and complexity of archaeological analysis. The use of digital media by the average person has exploded, and such technologies provide new and intriguing avenues to reach and educate the public about archaeology....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah J La Fevre.

The purpose of this study is to compare the traditional recording as conducted by the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) with modern 3-D scanning, focusing on the Patterson-Altman Mill located in Saltsburg, PA. The Patterson-Altman Mill was originally built in 1912 and recorded by HAER in 1987 (HAER No. PA-110), and is currently featured on the Preservation Pennsylvania at Risk 2013/14 and Preservation National 2014 list. This study will use the image data collected from a 3- D Leica...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Swanson. Tiffany Goldhamer. Ray Blackmon.

The increased use of remote sensing technology has allowed archaeology to go farther and deeper than ever before.  The capability of effecting real-time adaptations to Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) surveys and the increase in resolution of remote sensing equipment has provided scientists with a better opportunity to study and research what lies below the ocean’s surface.  It is with advancing technology that science and engineering has allowed for the better protection and understanding of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Yoshifumi Ikeda. Randall Sasaki.

The story of Kamikaze, or the legendary storm that destroyed the ill-fated fleet of Khublai Khan off Japan, is a well known story in history. It is recorded that more than three thousands vessels were lost. The search for the lost fleet took decades while only small hull fragments and scatters of artifacts were found. In 2015, finally a well-preservd vessel was discovered at Takashim Island in Nagasaki Prefecture. Unfortunately, the large majority of Japanese archaeologists had not realize the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Neil N Puckett.

Underwater investigations of drowned terrestrial sites have become increasingly important to the pursuit of New World, prehistoric archaeology. The Atlantic and Gulf Coast shelves, the rivers of Florida, the Pacific Coast, and the Great Lakes have each provided evidence for human occupations in now inundated landscapes. These pursuits have resulted in invaluable information on human behavior, offered excellent preservation of perishable and datable materials, and often presented uniquely buried...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Grinnan. Della A Scott-Ireton.

Remnants of Spain’s failed attempt to settle modern-day Pensacola in 1559, the Emanuel Point shipwrecks are legacies of Florida’s long colonial history. Community interest in the sites has been profound since the discovery of the Emanuel Point I wreck in 1992, but challenging dive conditions have limited opportunities for public access. After award of a grant to explore Emanuel Point II in 2014, the University of West Florida (UWF) Division of Anthropology and Archaeology began considering new...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tricia Dodds.

Crystal Cove State Park is home to many unique cultural resources that tell the story of California’s fascinating past. Its marine conservation area is no less extraordinary. In 1949, a Navy F4U Corsair airplane met its watery grave off the coast of Crystal Cove. Since its rediscovery, this underwater site has been studied and recorded by California State Parks with the assistance of other institutions. In 2014, the California State Parks Dive Team revisited the Corsair to evaluate its current...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Davidson.

In 2014 and 2015, the University of Florida Historical Archaeological Field School conducted excavations at the Bulow Plantation, a large sugar plantation in East Florida which was founded in 1821 and destroyed in a fire in 1836, during the Second Seminole War.  Our focus was a single domestic slave cabin of frame construction with a coquina stone chimney/fireplace. Excavations revealed a previously unknown architectural detail at the site in the form of a stone lined sub-floor pit feature or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen B. Metheny.

Historical archaeologists specialize in the evidence of daily life, including foodways, yet archaeological interpretations of food practices are often based upon the uncritical use of food histories. Archaeologists who are methodologically precise when investigating the physical evidence of foodways are often less exacting when using the secondary literature to interpret these remains. This practice poses interpretive perils for the unwary archaeologist, however. An examination of the role of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Josue Nieves.

Considering the 50th anniversary of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), critical evaluation of two of historical archaeology’s primary functions, fieldwork and collection management, appears to be timely and essential. As Julia King’s 2014 post to the Society for Historical Archaeology’s blog notes, current circumstances appear to favor the generation of new artifactual remains rather than the need to process and catalogue what is already unearthed. However, if historical archaeology...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter B. Campbell.

The field of maritime archaeology exists within a dynamic socio-political world that constantly changes due to actions of those outside the field, such as legislation, funding, and public opinion. Education must suit the needs of students who will work in current and future conditions; however, many field schools and degree programs operate using paradigms from previous conditions. Registrant responses on MaritimeArchaeology.com show concern on what is being taught, significant gaps between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew S. Lawrence. Jay V. Haigler.

Jutting into the Gulf Stream, Elbow Reef has claimed numerous vessels, particularly steamships, over the last 150 years. Today, these shipwrecks attract hundreds of divers and snorkelers visiting the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Archaeological research has revealed the histories of several Elbow Reef shipwrecks, but time has shrouded the identities of others until recently. The Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS) is partnering...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jacob S Kayen.

Considering the archaeological process within the City of New York and comparing two excavations from lower Manhattan landfill sites excavated thirty years apart, this paper analyzes how New York archaeology is carried out in practice, how the process has changed over time, and the capacity for the vast accumulation of material to (re)instantiate contemporary understandings of the past. How does archaeological research reflect a sociocultural disposition of the present? The dominant narrative of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leah Colombo.

Climate change is unequivocal and recently the federal government has developed collaborative initiatives between the Departments of the Interior, Department of Agriculture, Environmental Protection Agency, NOAA, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to identify natural and historic resources that require conservation and restoration to ensure they are more resilient to changing climate. Coastal resiliency, in particular, implies the need to maintain appropriate storm barriers, such as sand...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney M. Williams. David Landon. Stephen Silliman.

Faunal remains were recovered from five household sites, dating from the mid-18th to mid-19th centuries, on the Eastern Pequot reservation in North Stonington, Connecticut. Results from ongoing analyses indicate the residents’ incorporations of European-introduced practices and resources with traditional subsistence practices. Each site yielded a shifting mixture of faunal remains from domesticated and wild species. Over the course of the 18th century, the residents came to rely on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathaniel R King.

Vasa was a 64-gun Swedish warship in the service of King Gustav II Adolf .  The vessel sank on its maiden voyage in 1628, taking at least 16 of the approximately 150 persons on board to the depths of Stockholm Harbor (Vasamuseet 2013; Vasa I 2006:36-55).  Amongst the cannon, figureheads, and skeletons are a collection of artifacts that can tell us how the crew lived, not just while aboard Vasa, but also ashore.  These artifacts include chamber pots, glass bottles, and other assorted health and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin E. Uehlein.

Hobos and other transient laborers were integral to the development of industrial capital in the United States. They traversed the country filling essential temporary positions at the behest of capital interests. Yet, they frequently utilized alternative market practices in their labor arrangements, relying partially on direct trade over monetary payment. They likewise maintained intricate social networks, the material remains of which lay extant in past hobo campsites. Despite fulfilling a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan M. Bailey.

Due to their ephemeral, intangible nature, affect and emotion are difficult to capture and interpret from the archaeological record. However, to be human, feel emotion, and interact with one’s environment is a common experience that connects people across space and time; therefore, presenting affect and emotion is a powerful means of connecting people to the past. This paper uses a 18th-19th c. plantation context to explore the importance of sense perception, materiality, and the landscape to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Corey D. McQuinn.

Since the signing of the National Historic Preservation Act in 1966, the Society for Historical Archaeology and the cultural resource management (CRM) industry have grown along parallel, but slightly different, paths. While CRM archaeologists make up more than half of the SHA’s membership, and the industry arguably generates more raw archaeological data each year than any other sector of the discipline, its representation in the journal is disproportionately low. This study presents the results...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erika K Loveland.

Fort St. Joseph was an eighteenth-century mission, garrison, and trading post located along the St. Joseph River in present-day Niles, Michigan. Architectural elements discovered through excavation over the past decade at the fort provide insights on the techniques and materials used in the construction of associated buildings. Historic documents reveal little information on the fort’s built environment, highlighting the importance of archaeological evidence. This architectural analysis relies...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Austin J George. Erika K Loveland.

The public seldom understands the complexity of what archaeology is and the many activities that archaeologists conduct in the course of site investigations. The Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project examines an eighteenth-century mission, garrison, and trading post in present-day Niles, Michigan, ensuring that the community’s education and involvement remain the primary goals. Throughout the 2015 field season, we filmed hours of point-of-view footage using a Go-Pro camera to show the ways in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Susan Langley. Raymond L Hayes. Laszlo Takacs. Marina Congedo.

On the East Coast of North America, nodules of flint often are encountered in ballast piles.  Many archaeologists assert an ability to identify visually when these are of European origin. While, anecdotally, this appears to be generally true, most archaeologists cannot articulate the specific factors they employ in making the identification.  This project, which builds on Barbara Luedtke’s 1992 work, examines geological terminology, tests the visual identification assertion, and employs XRF and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marley Brown III.

The topic of ritual practices among the enslaved population of the early Chespeake has been extensively examined,, most procatively by scholars such as Patricia Samford ,who have attempted to link what is known about the importation of captive Africans from historical sources to physical evidence encountered at the living sites of the enslaved in particular places during specific periods.  This paper develops a model, combining recent efforts to incorporate memory work, notably forgetting, into...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Worth.

Between the late sixteenth and mid seventeenth century, the multiethnic colony of Spanish Florida grew by assimilating indigenous chiefdoms into an expanding colonial system defined by missionization and fueled by the production of large quantities of surplus staple foods using Indian land and labor.  Rampant demographic collapse augmented by slave raiding by English-backed native groups resulted in the collapse and retreat of Florida’s formerly far-flung mission system by the early eighteenth...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Leader. Steven D Smith. James B. Legg.

Investigation of the Revolutionary War site of Fort Motte (38CL1) has been ongoing since 2004. In the 2015 field season volunteers and the summer archaeological field school assisted the work by analyzing 9200 sq meters of the roughly 13 acres of the primary battlefield site by dual gradiometer. Eventually the entire 13 acres will be analyzed. This paper presents the findings to date with special attention to the fortification, plantation house and sap.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donald La Barre.

This paper reports on the preliminary findings of the Gilchrist Fleet Survey Project fieldwork conducted by NOAA Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary, State of Michigan Department of History, Arts, and Libraries, and Flinders University in the summer of 2015. The goal of the project is to survey the North Point shoreline of Isaacson Bay for historic sunken vessels once owned by the Gilchrist Transportation Company of Alpena, Michigan. Three already located economically abandoned Gilchrist ships...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel J Trepal. Eric Pomber. Don Lafrenier.

We present a case study demonstrating a novel GIS-based archaeological predictive model (APM) adapted for use in postindustrial cities.  In common use among prehistoric archaeologists APMs are also a useful way to analyze historical sources on a landscape scale. This project harnesses massive amounts of historical and modern spatial data to:  determine urban industrial archaeological potential; to determine the potential for the persistence of related historical environmental hazards; and to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Saltzgiver. Benjamin C. Pykles. John H. McBride.

Nauvoo, Illinois, is among the most important sites in the history of the Latter-day Saint movement in the United States. Since the 1960s, Nauvoo has been the site of significant historical and archaeological research and interpretation.  With an estimated 1 million visitors annually, the competing needs to preserve the archaeological assets and the continued desire to improve the visitor experience necessitates the most accurate knowledge of these buried resources possible. This presentation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cori Rich. Jane Bigham. Ian Fricker. Alison Shepherd. Peter Quantock. Jessica Mundt. Julie Powers. Guilliam Hurte Sr..

In response to the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt put millions to work by way of the Works Progress Administration (WPA).  Similar to the efforts made by the WPA, the Veterans Curation Program (VCP) is addressing the unemployment rate for recently separated veterans by providing vocational training and temporary employment, while simultaneously providing the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) with the means to rehabilitate its archaeological collections to Federal standards.  Now the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donald D. Southworth II.

Trash dumps and can scatters have been a thorn in the side of federal and state land management agencies in the western half of the United States. Over the last several years, this discussion on how to handle these sites has increased. While historic archaeologists have, to a limited degree, placed these sites in perspective, these activity features continue to be an issue for the various land management agencies. Often referred to as "isolated dumping episodes" or as "road trash," some agencies...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia G Markert.

Kate Gregory and Andrea Witcomb refer to the narratives of place and history that are created when people visit heritage sites as "possible worlds" – the mental and physical spaces where history is then grappled with, conceptualized, and understood.  This paper considers two sites of African American history where archaeology has been conducted over the past five years, Timbuctoo, NJ and the Sellman Tenant House at SERC in Edgewater, MD, and explores the way narratives around these historic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Helen C. Blouet.

            This paper discusses interdisciplinary strategies that help students connect personal and professional interests with archaeological goals and methods.  This approach encourages students to evaluate the past and present using archaeology and other perspectives, including those from the arts and sciences, education, healthcare, and business.  I have developed this approach while teaching at Utica College in Central New York.  A Utica College education combines liberal arts with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David T. Palmer.

The Marsh Plantation was a sugar plantation on Avery Island, Louisiana, established in 1818 by northeastern transplants John Marsh and William Stone. Enslaved and "indentured" African Americans were brought from New York and New Jersey by the partners to work the sugar fields and mill. Through two field seasons, we learned more about the lives of the enslaved and free people, as well as the early sugar industry in Louisiana. Issues of heritage tourism, namely, the elision of slavery and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Olson.

In 2014, the Public Archaeology Laboratory conducted archaeological excavations at the former House of the Good Shepherd orphanage in Tomkins Cove, New York. Over 4,000 domestic and structural artifacts were found at the site, offering glimpses into its nineteenth-century orphanage history as well as its use as a Fresh Air Association summer retreat during the twentieth century. Although small, the nineteenth-century artifact assemblage reflects the life of the orphans who lived there. Current...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jenifer C. Elam. RPA.

In 1866, Reverend Ebenezer Gay became the guardian of six orphaned children. The home he would make for these children and many others, known as the House of the Good Shepherd in Tomkins Cove, New York, was a self-sufficient, working farm that taught the children hard work and responsibility and also acted as the hub of Reverend Gay’s mission work in the community. While some of the site’s architectural history is still extant, much of its archaeology is obscured by the structural debris left on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas K Smit.

This paper will present preliminary results from excavations at Santa Barbara, the central labor encampment for the mercury mines of Huancavelica. Located in the Central Peruvian Andes, Huancavelica was the largest source of mercury in the Western Hemisphere and a critical source of wealth for Spain’s colonial empire. The Spanish administration mobilized labor through the infamous mita, a rotational labor tax that required colonial provinces to send one-seventh of their population to work in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Delgado. Kelley Elliott. Frank Cantelas. Robert Schwemmer.

A ‘cruise of opportunity’ provided by The Boeing Company, which wished to conduct a deepwater survey test of their autonomous underwater vehicle, Echo Ranger, resulted in the first archaeological survey of the scuttled aircraft carrier, USS Independence, in the waters of Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary in March 2015.  While a preliminary effort, and not comprehensive, the survey confirmed that a feature charted at the location was Independence, and provided details on the condition of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher R. Moore. Richard Jefferies.

For the past 10 years, the Sapelo Island Mission Period Archaeological Project (SIMPAP) has been surveying and testing the site of the Mission San Joseph de Sapala on Sapelo Island, Georgia.  Over this time we have learned a great deal about the site’s Guale Indian and Spanish inhabitants.  Among the most interesting contexts investigated is a Spanish structure with a likely military function.  Architectural and other features associated with the structure yielded a relatively high frequency of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Judith E. Thomas.

Cantonment Burgwin (TA-8/LA 88145) was erected near Taos, New Mexico, in 1852 as part of the U.S. Army defense system in the newly acquired American Southwest. Situated along the road between Santa Fe and Taos, the cantonment provided protection for the settlers from Apache and Ute threats until 1860 when it was closed and abandoned. Archival research indicates that the cantonment’s guard house was a detached structure fronting the wagon road. An 1857 sketch of the cantonment, however, suggests...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Connie Kelleher. Fionnbarr Moore. Karl Brady.

Following recent extreme weather events, one of the three Spanish Armada ships lost off the Sligo coast in Ireland in 1588 has again been revealed. The remains of La Juliana, the only Catalan ship of the three, is currently exposed. The State Underwater Archaeology Unit of the National Monuments Service (NMS) has been carrying out detailed recording, excavation and recovery of material throughout the summer to map the current site and protect vulnerable artefacts lying on the seabed. Several...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Denise Jaffke. Tricia Dodds.

Lake Tahoe is the third deepest lake in North America. On its southwest shore is Emerald Bay, a fjord embayment that has long been recognized for its spectacular natural beauty and as one of the most photographed places on earth. Just offshore of  the historic site of Emerald Bay Resort are the remains of the "Mini-fleet." These ten small craft, representing a variety of vessel form and function, operated on Emerald Bay from 1890-1940 for recreation. The Mini-fleet represents 90 percent of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stance Hurst. Dallas C. Ward. Eileen Johnson.

Cattle ranching is an important part of the heritage of many former frontier regions, yet are informed primarily by a few first-hand accounts and biographies of successful ranches or famous cattlemen.  Examining the relationship between ranching-related material culture recovered archaeologically and the landscape is a first step towards constructing a landscape view of ranching heritage that is missing within the present literature.  Research at Macy Locality 16 (~1890-1920), located near a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John M. Kelly.

The Harrison Gray Otis House, owned and managed by Historic New England, was built in Boston’s West End in 1796, and is significant for being the only surviving free-standing, late eighteenth century mansion in the city. PAL recently completed excavations in the extant yard space for the Otis House and 14 and 16 Lynde Street, formerly the site of two circa 1840 townhouses. The feature complex uncovered during fieldwork illustrates the increasing complexity and fragmentation of the West End as it...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelsey Noack Myers.

As the 300th anniversary of the establishment of the French fort at Ouiatenon approaches, it is clear that narratives about the area remain focused on the fairly brief affiliation of the New French government with this fur trade site on the Wabash River. In contrast, the archaeological and documentary sources that detail daily life on this landscape speak to the overwhelmingly Native population and sense of place that existed prior to its abandonment in 1791. Several years of archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leslie B. Kirchler-Owen.

Public involvement is a critical aspect of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) evaluations, yet many times consultation with the public is treated as an afterthought. Achieving consensus and ensuring stakeholders are afforded the opportunity to provide meaningful input requires adequate time and resources. The lack of an effective program may create risk to achieving project goals. So, how does one engage the public? How can valuable input be solicited? Who are the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Elizabeth Ibarrola.

Bulow Plantation (8FL7) in Flagler County, Florida, occupied for only fourteen years, provides a narrow window into the life of enslaved African Americans living and working on an East Florida sugar plantation.  In the 2014 and 2015 field seasons, the University of Florida conducted excavations focusing on a single domestic slave cabin and the surrounding yard.  Results from these excavations will be presented with a particular focus on the life cycle of the cabin, from its construction in 1821...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel A Pickard.

The Kensington/Fishtown and Port Richmond neighborhoods of Philadelphia were among the earliest areas in the city settled by Europeans. Though initially dominated by maritime trades, in the nineteenth century they developed into industrial districts centered on mills, shipyards, and the export of coal and grain. Much of Kensington and Port Richmond eventually became known as a tough working class areas with populace comprised mainly of Irish, German, and Polish immigrants, though the Fishtown...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charlotte Goudge.

  Rum was an important social and economic catalyst during the 17th-20th centuries, impacting all strata of society from the lowest slaves to the highest echelons of British society. During the 18th and 19th centuries rum developed from a waste product into highly desirable merchandise that was used as a social lubrication to ease tension while buying and selling slaves. This paper will discuss the archaeological excavations undertaken at the Betty’s Hope rum distillery in Antigua, one of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shannon Mahoney. Mark Giambastiani.

In July 2015, ASM Affiliates Inc. (ASM) conducted an excavation of an 1860s mining camp at Logan City, Lincoln County, Nevada.  In 1864, Mormons, miners, and the military had moved into, what is now, Southeastern Nevada, in a quest for land, water, and silver.  Native Americans resisted these efforts and briefly expelled miners from Logan City; however, the miners returned and established a substantial camp surrounding Logan Spring. During an extensive survey in 2013 and 2014, ASM archaeologists...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert McQueen.

Mining districts are inherently violent places. Deaths, accidents, and injuries are topics that appear liberally in historic literature; period newspapers almost gleefully reported on deaths caused by accidents and foul play. Suicide, however, was a form of death often accompanied by stigma, and frequently reported with overtones of pity. Rarely does violence manifest itself in the archaeological record. This paper discusses the unexpected discovery of a Depression-era suicide in a central...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emma Verstraete.

Since its establishment in 1827, Lindenwood University has been a central location for educating young women.  Modern-day excavations of an historic campus trash dump have yielded a selection of glass bottles and bottle shards that can be identified for their cosmetic, medicinal, and educational applications for the girls who attended the university during the early twentieth century. Socio-economic information, such as the place of origin and price of the bottles’ contents, will contribute to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Calvin J Gillett.

Archaeologists have long bemoaned the effects looting has on archaeological sites, declaring that once a site has been looted it no longer holds the integrity necessary for study. This maybe too hasty of an assumption, under the right conditions, a great deal can be learned from a looted site.  Coalwood, a former lumber town in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula provides an optimal case study to evaluate the effects of looting. As the victim of heavy looting activity since the 1960’s and with a short...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Hoock.

It is not remarkable to say that the separation between city and country has become a normalized binary. For years, scholars have discussed how capitalism has framed urban and rural spaces, including desires to leave urban areas for some approximation of a sentimental bucolic paradise. However, investigating the rural and urban separation and "back to the land" movements within capitalism reveals other interesting social phenomena. Archaeological investigations of a vacation retreat owned by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Brunette. Matthew Douglass. Zachary Day.

In academic and compliance archaeologies alike, a standard first step in the development of project goals is the identification of a research question. This often happens at the time a project is first proposed and the methodological and theoretical perspectives that will guide the study are thus established long before actual research begins. Here we examine the role of research questions in CRM projects through a study at the Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Oklahoma. Despite early research...