Central Arizona Project

Part of: USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (PXAO)

The Bureau of Reclamation’s Central Arizona Project (CAP) collection presents results of the extensive cultural resource investigations conducted during the planning, construction, and maintenance of the project’s water delivery systems and associated infrastructure. The wide scope and expansive scale of CAP archaeology represent an impressive and now integral contribution to Southwestern archaeology, and much of the work changed and challenged many conceptions of Arizona’s prehistory. The collection’s materials are organized according to the CAP’s water delivery systems and other structures. Within each of these delivery system collections, materials are further divided into archaeological projects and tasks that were conducted to investigate cultural resources

The CAP is a multipurpose water resource development and management project that provides irrigation, municipal and industrial water, power, flood control, outdoor recreation, environmental enhancement and sediment control. The project also provides delivery of Tribal homeland water, partial settlement of Indian water rights claims, and economic benefits accruing from the leasing of Indian agricultural water rights to municipal entities. Water is provided to lands in Maricopa, Pinal and Pima counties, and to several communities, including the metropolitan areas of Phoenix and Tucson. Authorization also was included for development of facilities to deliver water to Catron, Hidalgo, and Grant Counties in New Mexico. In addition to water delivery systems, the CAP includes power generation infrastructure, principally participation in the Navajo Generation Station and a transmission system to supply power to pumping plants and check structures of the Hayden-Rhodes, Fannin-McFarland and Tucson aqueducts

For administration and construction purposes, the CAP was divided into the Granite Reef, Orme, Salt-Gila, Gila River, Tucson, and the Indian and Non-Indian Distribution divisions. During project construction, the Orme Division was re-formulated and renamed the Regulatory Storage Division; it includes New Waddell Dam and Camp Dyer Diversion Dam. Upon completion, the Granite Reef Division was re-named the Hayden-Rhodes Aqueduct, and the Salt-Gila Division was renamed the Fannin-McFarland Aqueduct.

The CAP was authorized by the Colorado River Basin Project Act of 1968. Construction of the project began in 1973 with the award of a contract for the Havasu Intake Channel Dike and excavation for the Havasu Pumping Plant (Mark Wilmer Pumping Plant) on the shores of Lake Havasu. Construction of the other project features followed. The backbone aqueduct system, which runs about 336 miles from Lake Havasu to a terminus southwest of Tucson, was declared substantially complete in 1993. The new and modified dams constructed as part of the project were declared substantially complete in 1994. All of the non-Indian agricultural water distribution systems were completed in the late 1980s, as were most of the municipal water delivery systems. Several Indian distribution systems are either under construction or remain to be built; it is estimated that full development of these systems could require another 20 years or longer.

When authorized, the plan included the construction of Hooker Dam and Buttes Dam on the Gila River to provide conservation storage, flood and sediment control, and recreation opportunities, and the construction of Orme Dam at the junction of the Salt and Verde Rivers to provide flood protection and water conservation. None of these facilities were built. Although authorized, Buttes Dam and Hooker Dam on the Gila River (in New Mexico) and Charleston Dam on the San Pedro River were not constructed because of cost considerations, a lack of demand for the water, lack of repayment capability by the users, and environmental constraints. To fulfill the authorized functions of Orme Dam, Plan 6 was developed. Plan 6 is the Regulatory Storage Division of the project and includes New Waddell Dam and Camp Dryer Diversion Dam located on the Agua Fria River, a tributary of the Gila River, and a modified Roosevelt and Stewart Mountain dams on the Salt River. These two dams predate the project and have been modified for safety and increased storage capacity.

Site Name Keywords
AZ U:15:102(ASM) • AZ U:10:14(ASM) • AZ U:10:6(ASM) • AZ U:15:19(ASM) • AZ U:15:76(ASM) • AZ U:15:77(ASM) • AZ U:10:5(ASM) • AZ U:15:46(ASM) • AZ U:15:57(ASM) • AZ U:15:87(ASM)

Site Type Keywords
Archaeological Feature • Artifact Scatter • Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex • Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features • Settlements • Domestic Structures • Agricultural or Herding • Hamlet / Village • Rock Alignment • Non-Domestic Structures

Other Keywords
Central Arizona Project • Flake • Projectile Point • Metate • Mano • Hammerstone • Knife • Core • Bowl • Picacho Mountains Archaeology

Culture Keywords
Hohokam • Historic • Euroamerican • Historic Native American • Archaic • Yuman • Patayan • Yavapai • Salado • Late Archaic

Investigation Types
Site Evaluation / Testing • Archaeological Overview • Systematic Survey • Data Recovery / Excavation • Reconnaissance / Survey • Site Stewardship Monitoring • Heritage Management • Records Search / Inventory Checking • Research Design / Data Recovery Plan • Methodology, Theory, or Synthesis

Material Types
Ceramic • Chipped Stone • Ground Stone • Building Materials • Metal • Fauna • Shell • Glass • Fire Cracked Rock • Macrobotanical

Temporal Keywords
Prehistoric • Hohokam Classic period • Historic • Historic Period • Hohokam pre-Classic period • Hohokam Colonial period • Hohokam Sedentary period • Sacaton Phase • Colonial Period • Protohistoric Period

Geographic Keywords
United States of America (Country) • North America (Continent) • Arizona (State / Territory) • USA (Country) • Maricopa County (County) • US (ISO Country Code) • Pinal County (County) • Yavapai County (County) • Central Arizona • Lake Pleasant Regional Park

Resources Inside This Collection (Viewing 101-200 of 350)

Cultural Resources Assessment of 117 Archaeological Sites for the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts, Central Arizona Project Canal, Maricopa, Pinal, and Pima Counties, Arizona Cultural Resources Assessment of 22 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reaches 1 and 2 of the Fannin-McFarland Portion of the CAP Canal Cultural Resources Assessment of 23 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reach 3 of the Fannin-McFarland Portion of the CAP Canal Cultural Resources Assessment of 28 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reach 4 of the Fannin-McFarland Portion of the CAP Canal Cultural Resources Assessment of 39 Sites in the Agua Fria Conservation Area
  • Cultural Resources Assessment of 39 Sites in the Agua Fria Conservation Area
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In October 2007, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 39 known archaeological sites in the Agua Fria Conservation area within Lake Pleasant Regional Park to conduct condition assessments. ACS archaeologists documented the sites and evaluated their current state of preservation. This tDAR project contains photo documentation of the assessment work.

  • Cultural Resources Assessment of 39 Archaeological Sites in the Agua Fria Conservation Area: Photo Log (2007)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Glenn Stuart.

    In October 2007, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 39 archaeological sites in the Agua Fria Conservation Area within Lake Pleasant Regional Park to conduct a condition assessment of these sites. The photo log for the project contains detailed information for the select project photos that were curated at the following tDAR URL: https://core.tdar.org/image/393011.

  • Cultural Resources Assessment of 39 Archaeological Sites in the Agua Fria Conservation Area: Select Photos (2007)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In 2007, Archaeological Consulting Services, Inc. (ACS) re-visited 39 known archaeological sites in the Agua Fria Conservation Area in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists documented and assessed the condition of the sites. This record includes select photos from the assessment work.

Cultural Resources Assessment of 59 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct (Phase A)
  • Cultural Resources Assessment of 59 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct (Phase A)
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the CAP main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit 59 sites that had been identified...

  • Cultural Resources Assessment of 59 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct (Phase A) (2010)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Walter R. Punzmann. Paige B. Florie. Glennda Gene Luhnow.

    The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit...

  • Photolog for the Photos from the Cultural Resources Assessment of 59 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct (Phase A) (2010)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit...

  • Photos from the Cultural Resources Assessment of 59 Archaeological Sites Located Along Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct (Phase A) (2010)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Jennifer Bower.

    The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit...

Cultural Resources Inventory for the Proposed Lake Pleasant Regional Park Wind Hazard Project, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
  • Cultural Resources Inventory for the Proposed Lake Pleasant Regional Park Wind Hazard Project, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
    PROJECT Andrew Vorsanger. USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    Maricopa Parks and Recreation Department (MCPRD) contracted SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to conduct a cultural resources inventory of the area of potential effects (APE) for the project area within Lake Pleasant Park, managed by the MCPRD on behalf of the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). The project is located near Peoria, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona and consists of a combined 0.2 acres. A Class III Survey was conducted on April 7th, 2023, and no archaeological sites or resources...

  • Cultural Resources Inventory for the Proposed Lake Pleasant Regional Park Wind Hazard Project, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona (2023)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Caitlin Hayden.

    Maricopa Parks and Recreation Department (MCPRD) contracted SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to conduct a cultural resources inventory of the area of potential effects (APE) for the project area within Lake Pleasant Park, managed by the MCPRD on behalf of the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). The project is located near Peoria, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona and consists of a combined 0.2 acres. A Class III Survey was conducted on April 7th, 2023, and no archaeological sites or resources...

A Cultural Resources Survey of 1,420 Acres Along the Lower San Pedro River, North of Benson
  • A Cultural Resources Survey of 1,420 Acres Along the Lower San Pedro River, North of Benson
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

  • A Cultural Resources Survey of 1,420 Acres Along the Lower San Pedro River, North of Benson: Photo Log (2002)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Lisa Champagne.

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

  • A Cultural Resources Survey of 1,420 Acres Along the Lower San Pedro River, North of Benson: Photos (2002)
    IMAGE Lisa Champagne. Chad Badorek.

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

  • A Cultural Resources Survey of 1,420 Acres Along the Lower San Pedro River, North of Benson: Report (2002)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Donald W. Jolly. Lourdes Aguila. Michael Droz. Teresa L. Hoffman.

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

Cultural Resources Survey of 34 Acres Along Fossil Creek
  • Cultural Resources Survey of 34 Acres Along Fossil Creek
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of approximately 34.4 acres to provide an inventory and assessment of cultural resources that might be affected by the proposed undertaking. The Central Arizona Project (CAP) conveys Colorado River water through a 336–mile– long system of pumping plants, aqueducts, dams, and reservoirs. In 2001, the Fish and Wildlife Service concluded that...

  • Cultural Resources Survey of 34 Acres along Fossil Creek in the Vicinity of Proposed Fish Barriers, Yavapai County, Arizona (2003)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard L. Boston. Michael Droz. Donald W. Jolly.

    Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) performed a Class III (intensive) cultural resources inventory of approximately 34.4 acres of land located along Fossil Creek on the Coconino National Forest (CNF) in conjunction with the proposed construction of a fish barrier on Fossil Creek. A crew of up to ten laborers camped in the project area and constructed the fish barrier in the Fossil Creek Drainage. The project area lies north of the confluence with the Verde River, on the west side of Fossil...

  • Photolog for Photos from the Cultural Resources Survey of 34 Acres Along Fossil Creek (2003)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    ACS performed a Class III (intensive) cultural resources inventory of approximately 34.4 acres of land located along Fossil Creek on the Coconino National Forest (CNF) in conjunction with the proposed construction of a fish barrier on Fossil Creek. The project area lies north of the confluence with the Verde River, on the west side of Fossil Creek, south of the Irving Power Plant site in the Mazatzal Mountains in central Arizona and includes the northern portion or the Mazatzal...

  • Photos from the Cultural Resources Survey of 34 Acres Along Fossil Creek in the Vicinity of Proposed Fish Barriers, Yavapai County, Arizona (2003)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    ACS performed a Class III (intensive) cultural resources inventory of approximately 34.4 acres of land located along Fossil Creek on the Coconino National Forest (CNF) in conjunction with the proposed construction of a fish barrier on Fossil Creek. The project area lies north of the confluence with the Verde River, on the west side of Fossil Creek, south of the Irving Power Plant site in the Mazatzal Mountains in central Arizona and includes the northern portion or the Mazatzal...

Damage Assessment of AZ T:4:157(ASM) and AZ T:4:156(ASM) in Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Yavapai County, Arizona
  • Damage Assessment of AZ T:4:157(ASM) and AZ T:4:156(ASM) in Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Yavapai County, Arizona
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) reported a violation of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) in April 2003 when a petroglyph boulder was removed from Reclamation land. The boulder was located on a terrace edge overlooking the Agua Fria River north of Lake Pleasant, within archaeological site AZ T:4:157(ASM). A criminal investigation followed. The petroglyph boulder was recovered in September 2003. Subsequent to the investigation, Mr. Jon Czaplicki, Reclamation...

  • Damage Assessment of AZ T:4:157(ASM) and AZ T:4:156(ASM) in Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Yavapai County, Arizona: Letter Report (2003)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) reported a violation of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) in April 2003 when a petroglyph boulder was removed from Reclamation land. The boulder was located on a terrace edge overlooking the Agua Fria River north of Lake Pleasant, within archaeological site AZ T:4:157(ASM). A criminal investigation followed. The petroglyph boulder was recovered in September 2003. Subsequent to the investigation, Mr. Jon Czaplicki, Reclamation...

  • Damage Assessment of AZ T:4:157(ASM) and AZ T:4:156(ASM) in Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Yavapai County, Arizona: Photo Log (2003)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) reported a violation of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) in April 2003 when a petroglyph boulder was removed from Reclamation land. The boulder was located on a terrace edge overlooking the Agua Fria River north of Lake Pleasant, within archaeological site AZ T:4:157(ASM). A criminal investigation followed. The petroglyph boulder was recovered in September 2003. Subsequent to the investigation, Mr. Jon Czaplicki, Reclamation...

  • Damage Assessment of AZ T:4:157(ASM) and AZ T:4:156(ASM) in Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Yavapai County, Arizona: Select Photos (2003)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) reported a violation of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) in April 2003 when a petroglyph boulder was removed from Reclamation land. The boulder was located on a terrace edge overlooking the Agua Fria River north of Lake Pleasant, within archaeological site AZ T:4:157(ASM). A criminal investigation followed. The petroglyph boulder was recovered in September 2003. Subsequent to the investigation, Mr. Jon Czaplicki, Reclamation...

Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal
  • Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal
    PROJECT Bureau of Reclamation.

    The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

  • Cultural Resources Resurvey, Relocation, Assessment, and Evaluation of 16 Archaeological Sites for the Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal, Maricopa and La Paz Counties, Arizona (2018)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Douglas Mitchell. Peg Davis. Walter R. Punzmann. Thomas Jones. Jennifer Rich. Matthew Gill.

    The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

  • Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal: Photo Logs (2018)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Walter R. Punzmann. Douglas Mitchell. Jennifer Rich.

    The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

  • Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal: Photos (2018)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Walter R. Punzmann.

    The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

  • Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal: Project Location Shapefiles (2018)
    GEOSPATIAL Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Brad Dilli. Zachary Rothwell. Matthew Gill.

    The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

  • Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct Phase IV Small Sites Assessment, Central Arizona Project Canal: Sites Location Shapefiles (2018)
    GEOSPATIAL Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Brad Dilli. Zachary Rothwell. Matthew Gill.

    The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted....

The Hayden Rhodes Large Site Resurvey Phase II
  • The Hayden Rhodes Large Site Resurvey Phase II
    PROJECT Erin Davis. USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Logan Simpson Design, Inc. was asked to relocate and record 5 sites that...

The Hayden-Rhodes Large Site Resurvey The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona
  • The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona
    PROJECT Cindy L. Myers. A. E. Rogge. USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In June 1986, the Bureau of Reclamation awarded a three-year contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Central Arizona Project's Regulatory Storage Division, designated as Plan 6. These studies involved investigations at approximately 50 archaeological sites in 7 localities. The sites were destroyed, damaged, or altered as a result of constructing Plan 6, which created a regulatory reservoir for the CAP as well as repaired or replaced other dams...

  • Historical Archaeological Investigations at Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona: First Annual Report (1987)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text A. E. Rogge. Cindy L. Myers.

    In June 1986, the Bureau of Reclamation awarded a three-year contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Central Arizona Project's Regulatory Storage Division, designated as Plan 6. This study focuses on reconstructing the social history of the workers and their families who lived in several temporary dam construction camps dating from the 1890s to 1940s. The first chapter discusses experience in managing the study during the first year of the...

  • Historical Archaeological Investigations at Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona: Second Annual Report (1988)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text A. E. Rogge. Cindy L. Myers.

    In June 1986, the Bureau of Reclamation awarded a three year contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Central Arizona Project's Regulatory Storage Division, designated as Plan 6. This study focuses on reconstructing the social history of the workers and their families who lived in several temporary dam construction camps dating from the 1890s to 1940s. The first chapter discusses experience in managing the study during the second year of the...

  • The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, Volume 1: Synthesis (1994)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Lauren Jelinek

    In June 1986, the Bureau of Reclamation awarded Dames & Moore a contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Central Arizona Project's Regulatory Storage Division, designated as Plan 6. This study focused on reconstructing the social history of the workers and their families who lived in several temporary dam construction camps dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. This document, the first in a series of three volumes that constitute the final...

  • The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, Volume 2A: Sites in the Roosevelt Dam Area (1994)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text James E. Ayres. A. E. Rogge. Melissa Keane. Diane L. Douglas. Everett J. Bassett. Diane L. Fenicle. Cindy L. Myers. Bonnie J. Clark. Karen Turnmire.

    In June 1986 the Bureau of Reclamation awarded Dames & Moore a contract to conduct historical archaeology studies as part of the mitigation program for the Regulatory Storage Division (Plan 6) of the Central Arizona Project. Final reports on these studies are being issued in three volumes under the title The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona. Volume 1 is a synthesis of the entire project. Volume 3 details laboratory methods. Volume 2 contains descriptions and...

  • The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, Volume 2B: Sites in the New Waddell Dam Area (1994)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Diane L. Fenicle. James E. Ayres. Everett J. Bassett. Cindy L. Myers. A. E. Rogge. Melissa Keane. Diane L. Douglas.

    In June 1986 the Bureau of Reclamation awarded Dames & Moore a contract to conduct historical archaeology studies as part of the mitigation program for the Regulatory Storage Division (Plan 6) of the Central Arizona Project. Final reports of these studies are being issued in three volumes. Volume I is a synthesis of the entire project. Volume 3 details laboratory methods. Volume 2 contains descriptions and interpretations of each of the sites studied at the seven localities investigated. This...

  • The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, Volume 2C: Sites at Other Dams Along the Salt and Verde Rivers (1994)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Diane L. Douglas. A. E. Rogge. Karen Turnmire. Melissa Keane. James E. Ayres.

    In June 1986 the Bureau of Reclamation awarded Dames & Moore a contract for historical archaeology studies as part of the mitigation program for the Regulatory Storage Division (Plan 6) of the Central Arizona Project. Final reports on these studies are being issued in three volumes under the title, The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona. Volume 1: Synthesis (1994) summarizes the entire project, Volume 3 (1986) details laboratory methods, and Volume 2 (1994)...

  • The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, Volume 3: Laboratory Methods and Data Computerization (1989)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Deborah A. Hull-Walski. James E. Ayres.

    In June 1986 the Bureau of Reclamation awarded Dames & Moore a contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Regulatory Storage Division (Plan 6) of the Central Arizona Project. This study focused on reconstructing the social history of the workers and their families who lived in several temporary dam construction camps dating from the 1890s to the 1940s. This is the third (of three) volumes of the final technical report. This volume summarizes the...

  • Humbug! The Historical Archaeology of Placer Mining on Humbug Creek in Central Arizona (1922)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text James E. Ayers. A. E. Rogge. Everett J. Bassett. Melissa Keane. Diane L. Douglas.

    In June 1986 the Bureau of Reclamation awarded Dames & Moore a contract for historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Regulatory Storage Division (Plan 6) of the Central Arizona Project. While investigating dam construction camps along the Agua Fria River near Lake Pleasant, we discovered remnants of a late nineteenth century hydraulic mining complex along Humbug Creek. The southern portion of this complex is within the flood pool of the New Waddell Dam. This...

  • A Plan for Archaeological Investigations at Historic Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona (1987)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text A. E. Rogge. Cindy L. Myers.

    In June 1986, the Bureau of Reclamation awarded a three-year contract to Dames & Moore to undertake historical archaeological studies as part of the mitigation program for the Regulatory Storage Division (Plan 6) of the Central Arizona Project. This report presents a plan for guiding this research which will investigate about 45 archaeological sites. The proposed primary goal is to produce a social history of life in temporary construction camps at seven major water storage dams built in central...

Homesteading and Ranching in the Vicinity of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
  • Homesteading and Ranching in the Vicinity of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
    PROJECT Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) identified the need for an in-depth study of ranching and homesteading in Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP). At Reclamation’s request, Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) undertook this current study, which builds upon previous research and investigations sponsored by Reclamation that indicated that the ranching history was an important historic context for the area. This project includes: (1) archival research into the history of ranching in the...

  • Homesteading and Ranching in the Vicinity of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona (2008)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Scott Solliday.

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) identified the need for an in-depth study of ranching and homesteading in Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP). At Reclamation’s request, Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) undertook this current study, which builds upon previous research and investigations sponsored by Reclamation that indicated that the ranching history was an important historic context for the area. This project includes: (1) archival research into the history of ranching in the...

  • Homesteading and Ranching in the Vicinity of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona: Select Photos (2007)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) identified the need for an in-depth study of ranching and homesteading in Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP). At Reclamation’s request, Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) undertook this current study, which builds upon previous research and investigations sponsored by Reclamation that indicated that the ranching history was an important historic context for the area. This project includes: (1) archival research into the history of ranching in the...

  • Homesteading and Ranching in the Vicinity of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona:Photo Log (2007)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Teresa L. Pinter.

    The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) identified the need for an in-depth study of ranching and homesteading in Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP). At Reclamation’s request, Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) undertook this current study, which builds upon previous research and investigations sponsored by Reclamation that indicated that the ranching history was an important historic context for the area. This project includes: (1) archival research into the history of ranching in the...

Intensive Cultural Resource Survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
  • Intensive Cultural Resource Survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In the summers of 1979 and 1980, Arizona State University (ASU) conducted a cultural resources survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP) (Rice and Bostwick 1986). The completion of New Waddell Dam in 1993, increasing recreational development, and new park boundaries spurred the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) to survey the park. Reclamation performed the new survey on their land to fulfill their Section 110 requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act. Upon completion of the...

  • Intensive Cultural Resource Survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona (2002)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Jerryll Moreno.

    In the summers of 1979 and 1980, Arizona State University (ASU) conducted a cultural resources survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP) (Rice and Bostwick 1986). The completion of New Waddell Dam in 1993, increasing recreational development, and new park boundaries spurred the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) to survey the park. Reclamation performed the new survey on their land to fulfill their Section 110 requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act. Upon completion of the...

Lake Pleasant 52 Sites Relocation
  • Lake Pleasant 52 Sites Relocation
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In August and September 2010, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 52 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists relocated the sites and site boundaries, and documented the sites' conditions. This project contains select photographic documentation of the relocation work.

  • Lake Pleasant 52 Sites Relocation: Photo Log (2010)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Paige B. Florie.

    In August and September 2010, Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) re-visited 52 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park to relocate them and to assess their conditions. The photo log for the project contains detailed information for the select project photos. You can find the photos here: https://core.tdar.org/image/393022.

  • Lake Pleasant 52 Sites Relocation: Select Photos (2010)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In August and September 2010, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 52 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park to relocate the sites and assess their conditions. This record contains select photos that document the relocation work.

Lake Pleasant 8 Sites Relocation
  • Lake Pleasant 8 Sites Relocation
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In January 2012, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 8 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists relocated the sites and site boundaries, and assessed the sites' current conditions. This project contains a select photographic record of the relocation work.

  • Lake Pleasant 8 Sites Relocation: Photo Log (2012)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In January 2012, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 8 archaeological sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park to relocate the sites and to assess their conditions. The photo log for the project contains detailed information for the select project photos. The photos can be found here: https://core.tdar.org/image/393026.

  • Lake Pleasant 8 Sites Relocation: Select Photos (2012)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In January 2012, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 8 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park to relocate the sites and to assess their conditions. This record contains select photos that document the relocation work.

Lake Pleasant Condition Assessments for 41 Sites
  • Lake Pleasant Condition Assessments for 41 Sites
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In November and December 2009, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 41 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists documented the sites and assessed their current state of preservation. This project contains photo documentation of the assessment work.

  • Lake Pleasant Condition Assessments for 41 Sites: Photo Log (2009)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.. Christopher Rayle.

    In November and December 2009, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) re-visited 41 sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park to evaluate the sites' conditions. The photo log for the project contains detailed information for the select project photos. The photos can be found at: https://core.tdar.org/image/393019.

  • Lake Pleasant Condition Assessments for 41 Sites: Select Photos (2009)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In November and December 2009, Archaeological Consulting Services, Inc. (ACS) re-visited 41 known archaeological sites in Lake Pleasant Regional Park. ACS archaeologists documented and assessed the condition of the sites. This record includes select photos from the assessment work.

Lake Pleasant Regional Park Cultural Resources Management Plan
  • Lake Pleasant Regional Park Cultural Resources Management Plan
    PROJECT USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    In the early 2000's, Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP or the Park) was in an undeveloped portion of Maricopa County, Arizona. Population growth in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area over the past 30 years, however, resulted in the expansion of new housing developments along the edges of the city. It was increasingly clear that the park was becoming part of an urban landsape, and that the park's resources were experiencing increased impacts. In 2004, Archaeological Consulting Services,...

  • Lake Pleasant Regional Park Cultural Resource Management Plan: Selected Photos (2002)
    IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In 2004, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) produced the Cultural Resources Management Plan for Lake Pleasant Regional Park to provide management recommendations to Maricopa County, AZ and the Bureau of Reclamation. The project synthesized information about the cultural resources in the park, and set forth policies and procedures to protect and manage them efficiently. The following images are selected photos taken during the course of the project. Please see image photo log...

  • Lake Pleasant Regional Park Cultural Resources Management Plan, Maricopa and Yavapai Counties, Arizona (2004)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

    Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP or the Park) was in an undeveloped portion of Maricopa County, Arizona. However, population growth exploded in the Phoenix area in the past 30 years and new housing developments expanded and are still expanding ever northward. It is just a matter of time before the Park becomes part of the Valley of the Sun's crowded urban landscape. With an expansion in population will come an increase in land use demands and resource impacts. The purpose of the Cultural...

  • Lake Pleasant Regional Park Cultural Resources Management Plan: Photo Log (2002)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

    In 2004, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) produced the Cultural Resources Management Plan for Lake Pleasant Regional Park to provide management recommendations to Maricopa County, AZ and the Bureau of Reclamation. The project synthesized information about the cultural resources in the park, and set forth policies and procedures to protect and manage them efficiently. This document is the photo log for a series of photos during the course of this project. Please see the selected...

The Lower Verde Archaeological Project
  • The Lower Verde Archaeological Project
    PROJECT Jeffrey A. Homburg. Richard Ciolek-Torello. Jeffrey Altschul. Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Steven D. Shelley. USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office.

    The Lower Verde Archaeological Project (LVAP) was a four-year data recovery project conducted by Statistical Research, Inc. (SRI) in the lower Verde River region of central Arizona. The project was designed to mitigate any adverse effects to cultural resources from modifications to Horseshoe and Bartlett Dams. The Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Arizona Project’s Office sponsored the research program in compliance with historic preservation legislation. The LVAP’s...

  • Vanishing River Appendices (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver. Barbara A. Murphy. Douglas M. Pease. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Keith B. Knoblock. Karen R. Adams. Steven Bozarth. Kellie M. Cairns. Steven D. Shelley. Barbara K.. Montgomery. Robert A. Heckman. Ronald H. Towner. Alex V. Benitez. Margaret Newman. Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Richard Hughes. Arthur W. Vokes. Carla R. Van West.

    The Vanishing Rivers Appendices document contains all of the LVAP Vanishing River appendices. First, it presents a table of contents list of all appendices and referenced figures and tables. The document then provides each of the appendices associated with Vanishing River Volumes 1 - 3 (the pdf electronic volumes) and those associated with Vanishing River Volume 4 (the companion book).

  • Vanishing River Guide to Volumes 1 - 3: The Electronic Volumes Originally on CD (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Lynne Yamaguchi.

    This document is a guide that describes the creation of Volumes 1 through 3 in electronic format, and that outlines the use of the electronic resources as originally presented on CD. It does contain some information that future users may find useful in working with the pdf files. For example, it contains very helpful information regarding the organization of information. It also contains a guide that explains how to cite all of the resources in these documents properly.

  • Vanishing River List of Figures, Plates, Vessels and Figures (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

    The Vanishing River List of Figures, Plates, Vessels, and Tables contains a table-of-contents style list for all figures, photos, and tables referenced in the Vanishing River volumes.

  • Vanishing River Table of Contents (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

    The Vanishing River Table of Contents document presents the titles of all report volumes (1 - 4) and the titles of all chapters and major chapter sections in the Vanishing River report series. Please note that the Vanishing River List of Figures, Plates, Vessels, and Tables is a separate document that can be located here: http://core.tdar.org/document/372141.

  • Vanishing River Volume 1: Part 1, Scorpion Point Village: Chapters 1 - 4 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver.

    The Scorpion Point site is located on a remnant of a Pleistocene terrace about 37 m above the Verde River. Researchers began the fieldwork expecting to find no more than a dozen pit houses representing a few small pre-Classic period farmsteads scattered along the terrace above the Verde River. Instead, they found the remains of a ball court village with at least 50, and perhaps as many as 300, pit houses. At the conclusion of fieldwork at Scorpion Point Village, archaeologists with the Lower...

  • Vanishing River Volume 1: Part 2, Other Pre-Classic Sites in the LVAP Study Area: Chapters 5 - 6 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver. Robert B. Neily. Robert P. Jones. Steven D. Shelley.

    Volume 1, Part 2 summarizes archaeological data recovery and results of work at four sites (CTC, Two Farms, Middendrum, and Dam View) located in area south of Bartlett Dam along the lower Verde River. Originally, the research plan outlined a testing program for a sample of seven sites in the area. Flooding and associated erosion along the Verde River during the field season made it almost impossible to support excavation crews at the small sites situated on narrow remnants of terraces on the...

  • Vanishing River Volume 1: Part 3, Classic Period and Multicomponent Sites in the LVAP Study Area (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Robert B. Neily. Richard Ciolek-Torello. Su Benaron. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Lee Lindsay. Steven D. Shelley.

    Volume 1, Part 3 describes archaeological data recovery and summary results from work at several Classic period farmstead sites and a few multicomponent hamlet/village sites in the Horseshoe Basin area of the lower Verde River. The Lone Juniper site, Usedtobe Ruin, and the Little House site are farmstead sites located within 1 km of one another on Pleistocene terraces above the Verde River floodplain. Excavation at these sites uncovered small rectangular domestic rooms, masonry walls, remnants...

  • Vanishing River Volume 2: Agricultural, Subsistence, and Environmental Studies: Part 1: Chapters 1-3 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Jeffrey A. Homburg. John R. Welch. Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Richard Ciolek-Torello. William C. Johnson. Alan F. Arbogast. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Karen R. Adams.

    The environmental summary presented in Volume 2 forms a backdrop for examining the settlement and subsistence history and dynamics of the lower Verde region (see Volume 4). Because of its geographically and culturally transitional position between major culture areas, the Verde River valley has remained an archaeological and historical enigma. The same can be said with regard to environmental information, for the valley has been less intensively studied than other areas of central Arizona, and...

  • Vanishing River Volume 2: Agricultural, Subsistence, and Environmental Studies: Part 2: Chapters 4-7 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard Ciolek-Torello. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Jonathan Sandor.

    Volume 2, Part 2 provides the results of detailed research on prehistoric agricultural systems and sites in the LVAP area. Chapter 4 presents the results of SRI’s field investigations at Classic period dry-farming agricultural fields and associated field houses in an almost-300-acre area west of Horseshoe Dam. This area encompasses the hilly and gently undulating to nearly flat terrain of basalt flows, terraces, and escarpments west of the Verde River floodplain. Within this large area, 23...

  • Vanishing River Volume 2: Agricultural, Subsistence, and Environmental Studies: Part 3: Chapters 8-11 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Karen R. Adams. Steven Bozarth. Suzanne K Fish. Paul R. Fish. Steven D. Shelley. Kellie M. Cairns.

    Chapter 8 discusses data from macrofossil and flotation samples from village, hamlet, farmstead, and field house settings along the lower Verde River. Chapter 9 treats the pollen and phytoliths that were isolated from sediment samples collected in a variety of agricultural features including rock piles and alignments, terraces, and field houses, in addition to habitation features such as hearths, living floors, middens, and roasting pits in the LVAP area. The overall goal of these analyses...

  • Vanishing River Volume 3: Material Culture and Physical Anthropology: Part 1: Chapters 1-6 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Barbara K. Montgomery. Robert A. Heckman.

    Volume 3 of the Lower Verde Archaeological Project (LVAP) treats the material culture recovered during data recovery efforts at the Pre-Classic and Classic period sites in the project area. Volume 3, Part 1 describes the ceramic assemblages collected during LVAP field work, and provides results of stylistic and technological analysis performed on the colllections. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the analytic methods used for ceramics and the characteristics of LVAP ceramic collections. It...

  • Vanishing River Volume 3: Material Culture and Physical Anthropology: Part 2: Chapter 7 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Barbara Montgomery.

    This chapter presents the analysis of flaked and ground stone artifacts from LVAP. It is divided into three sections. First, the analytic methods are presented. Second, an overview of lithic sourcing, technology, and typology is presented. Third, descriptions of the lithic collections from the project sites are provided. The chapter closes with discussion and conclusions. Detailed analytic methods are provided in appendixes. Specific attributes and definitions are provided in Appendix M....

  • Vanishing River Volume 3: Material Culture and Physical Anthropology: Part 3: Chapter 8-9 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Arthur W. Vokes. Kellie M. Cairns. Steven D. Shelley.

    Volume 3, Part 3 continues the presentation of the material culture analysis recovered from Pre-Classic and Classic period sites investigated during the LVAP. Chapter 8 describes the shell artifacts collected from archaeological sites and activity areas in the project area. The Lower Verde Archaeological Project excavations produced a shell collection of 1,280 pieces from eight sites. It is estimated that this represents approximately 635 individual artifacts and unworked fragments or whole...

  • Vanishing River Volume 3: Material Culture and Physical Anthropology: Part 4: Chapter 10 (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Marcia H. Regan. Christy G. Turner II.

    Volume 3, Part 4 of the LVAP report discusses the mortuary remains encountered during the project's investigations. Chapter 10 describes the human skeletal and dental remains uncovered during data recovery efforts at three archaeological sites: Roadhouse Ruin (AZ U:2:73/167), Scorpion Point Village (AZ U:2:80/819), and CTC site (AZ U:2:95/1134). The chapter treats both inhumations and cremations. Note that the chapter does not describe mortuary features or burial treatment.

  • Vanishing River Volume 4: Chapter 01: The Verde River and Desert Landscapes: Introduction to the Lower Verde Archaeological Project (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Richard Ciolek-Torello.

    Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the synthesis of the Lower Verde Archaeological Project. Whittlesey and Ciolek-Torello describe the project's environmental context, with a focus on the Verde River and its surrounding landscape. They also offer a brief introduction to the people who inhabited and used this landscape. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the research themes that guided archaeological data recovery and interpretation of the lower Verde River area.

  • Vanishing River Volume 4: Chapter 02: Archaeological Landscapes: A Methodological and Theoretical Discussion (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

    In chapter 2, Whittlesey discusses some of the intellectual history of landscape theory and defines a landscape approach. She then considers the definition of archaeological landscapes. Finally, she discusses the utility of archaeological landscapes for interpreting both the prehistory and history of an area.

  • Vanishing River Volume 4: Chapter 03: The Vanished River: Historical-Period Impacts to Desert Landscapes and Archaeological Implications (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

    In Chapter 3, Whittlesey provides a description of the current state of the Verde River and discusses the history of intensive landscape modifications to the Verde and other rivers in central and southern Arizona (including the Salt, Gila, Colorado, Little Colorado, San Pedro, and Santa Cruz) . She first reviews archaeological and documentary evidence for changes to Arizona's riverine environments in both the prehistoric and historic periods. She focuses on accounts from the Spanish Colonial...

  • Vanishing River Volume 4: Chapter 04: An Overview of Research History and Archaeology of Central Arizona (1997)
    DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

    In Chapter 4, Whittlesey presents a thorough summary of archaeological research and intellectual history in central Arizona. The author's goal is to situate the LVAP research in the context of central Arizona archaeology. Whittlesey provides histories of the research that has been conducted in the Verde drainage, the Tonto Basin, the Agua Fria drainage, and the Phoenix Basin. She concludes with a summary of the research trajectories and the different explanatory models applied to central...