Society for Historical Archaeology 2016

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrice L Jeppson.

In practice, and in scholarly debate, historical archaeologists pursue urban archaeology either as the archaeology ‘of cities’ or as archaeology that is done ‘in cities’. Likewise, in practice and scholarly debate, there is variation and divergence in the definitions and terminologies related to what 'Public Archaeology' is and what it does. Drawing on the dynamic, diverse, innovative, and usually long history of public outreach and engagement in the city of Philadelphia, this talk -- part of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Douyard.

Alix W. Stanley spent the early 20th century purchasing old family properties in the ‘Stanley Quarter’ section of New Britain, Connecticut. The properties, owned by Stanley family members from 1644 through the mid-18th century, provided his ancestors the ability to generate considerable wealth, some of which Alix’s father used to create the Stanley Tool and Die Company. In 1928, Stanley gifted the 360 acre patchwork, which included his mansion and historic Stanley family homes to the city for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith S Chesson. Sara Morrow. Erin Gibbons.

In contrast to the marginality ascribed to Western Ireland during the 19th and 20th centuries, islanders’ and coastal mainlanders’ participated in transnational trade networks expressed through everyday material decision-making, seasonal and intermittent international interactions, and ideologies of social status. Historically, coastal communities in Western Ireland have been characterized as marginalized and geographically isolated from participation in mainstream consumerism and national and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Milne. Pamela Crabtree.

The faunal assemblages excavated from New York City’s Five Points neighborhood provided an opportunity to examine the foodways of the city’s 19th century working class.  One distinct Orange Street deposit was associated with a brothel which operated in the early 1840s and seemed to reflect the contradictory nature of this occupation.  While some food choices reflected the working class nature of the neighborhood, other finer foods, were selected for fancy feasts, to entertain guests or for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marcy Rockman.

In the most recent Summary for Policy Makers from the IPCC Working Group II (Adaptation), this statement, "Throughout history, people and societies have adjusted to and coped with climate, climate variability, and extremes, with varying degrees of success," is written without attribution.  Though this statement is a consensus view, the absence of a footnote disconnects it from analyses of the human past and the models of adaptation developed in the IPCC reports. This is a big gap. The most...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abigail E. Casavant.

From 2010-2015, the University of Rhode Island and St. Mary’s College of California conducted an underwater archaeology field school in the waters of Bermuda on a site called the "Iron Plate Wreck." Aptly named for a large block of sheet iron located at the stern, the wreck’s identity remained a mystery for over 50 years. In 2013, however, historical research provided clues to the identity of the wreck, revealing it is the Enchantress, an early 19th century British merchant vessel with a unique...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margo Schwadron.

The National Park Service plays a vital role in educating the public about stewardship and preservation of archeological resources, and vice versa. In 2008, a group of volunteers engaged the NPS to re-evaluate an historic site located in Canaveral National Seashore and Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. Working with volunteers, we determined that the site is actually Elliot Plantation—a previously undocumented, but the largest and southernmost 18th century British Period sugar plantation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Watkins-Kenney.

At North Carolina state archaeological site 31CR314 (Queen Anne’s Revenge), the overall conservation management strategy is full excavation and recovery of all artifacts. Preservation and protection of artifacts in situ is, however, needed as long as they remain on site. Research on in situ monitoring and preservation of large iron artifacts (cannon and anchors) began in 2008. With funding provided by a Mini North Carolina Sea Grant further data was collected in 2012-2013 for eight cannon and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deb Rotman.

Human experiences are inscribed in the landscape. Indeed, the built environment has been so strongly modified by human agency that the resulting landscape is a synthesis of natural and cultural elements. Cottage clusters, known as clachans, were critical components of the landscape in the west of Ireland prior to the Great Famine. Yet this site type has been almost completely ignored in historical, archaeological, and architectural studies of the region. As a Fulbright US Scholar, I am engaged...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sunshine Thomas.

Early 20th-century southeastern farmers with the means to do so diversified and adopted the materials and methods of farm modernization. Poorer families grew cash crops almost exclusively, detrimental to their garden spaces and their wellbeing. Archaeologists have measured modernization, in part, through the presence of glass storageware. However, the act of storing gardened and gathered foods did not necessarily require modern materials or methods. Materials changed through time, but in many...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Camille Czerkowicz.

The Museum of the City of New York and Landmarks Preservation Commission partnered in 2013 to develop an inventory of archaeological artifacts owned by the City of New York. At the Museum, we have developed a database that maintains the hierarchy of Projects, Contexts and Artifacts within each archaeological project, while also allowing users to search at the individual artifact level. Artifact level searches allow comparison across all sites within the City’s holdings – opening up new research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William White.

Community-based public archaeology projects seek to reclaim aspects of the past while addressing the needs and concerns of local communities. Sometimes this work places archaeologists in a position where we are forced to tack between the desire to conduct original research and the need to simultaneously navigate complex economic, social, and political constructs. All of this takes place in spaces, geographic, systemic, and paradigmatic, that both constrain and enable archaeological research. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda Sutphin.

Dozens of archaeological excavations have made important discoveries about the almost four-hundred year history of New York City and the people who have inhabited the area for thousands of years.  In 2014, a climate controlled archaeological repository was established in Midtown Manhattan to appropriately curate the city’s collections. Previously, they were dispersed, often inaccessible, and kept in non-ideal conditions which meant they were often at risk and rarely used for research.  Many...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Lash.

Local pilgrimage or an turas traditions in western Ireland provide a valuable opportunity to critique and nuance the common association of geographically marginal communities with cultural stasis. Emerging archaeological evidence suggests that modern pilgrims not only re-used older monuments, but also reproduced certain patterns of movement and memory initially developed for monastic liturgies in the early medieval period (c. 400-1100 CE). Such apparent long-term continuities of practice evoke...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica L Barry.

The definition of a criminal has always been "a person who commits a crime," but the definition of a crime has been fluid through time. There are levels of severity of crimes and they all don’t carry the same weight in the justice system or in society. In Colonial Virginia, there were prisons in every county as well as a courthouse where the trials were held. This small conglomeration of buildings were at the heart of the county seat where the civil and social lives of the citizens flourished....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gordon Watts. Martin Dean.

The Savannah District USACE and the Georgia Ports Authority are partnering to deepen and widen various portions of the Savannah River. As part of the associated permitting process, numerous archaeological investigations have been carried out by the District. A series of investigations of the remains of the ironclad CSS Georgia began following dredge impacts to the wreck in 1968. The following year Navy divers carried out an initial assessment of the wreck and in 1979 archaeologists from Texas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danielle R Cathcart. Heather Olson.

As we celebrate the anniversary of the NHPA, many states are now coming to terms with the immensity of the archaeological collections gathered on their behalf over the past fifty years. While academics and professionals have become experts at minimizing the effects of development on buried and extant cultural resources through archaeological excavation, these endeavors have amassed a staggering amount of objects and information that too often languishes in deteriorating bags and boxes—poorly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erica A. D'Elia.

The Old Colchester Park and Preserve (OCPP), located in southern Fairfax County along the Occoquan River, was acquired by the Fairfax County Park Authority in 2006. The nearly 145 acres of preserved parkland includes numerous prehistoric and historic sites spanning 10,000 years of human occupation. Prominent among these sites is the colonial tobacco port town of Colchester, ca. 1754-1830. Current excavations are focused on the site immediately adjacent to the cemetery, located about half a mile...

DOCUMENT Citation Only George Schwarz.

During 2014 and 2015 NHHC's Underwater Archaeology Branch initiated several projects to document, study, and manage U.S. Navy sunken and terrestrial military craft. These projects consist of both research-driven surveys and basic assessments of new discoveries. This presentation highlights the Branch's current research initiatives, including the study of American Revolutionary War schooner Royal Savage, the suspected site of Commodore Perry's USS Revenge, the War of 1812 Chesapeake Flotilla...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luke J. Pecoraro.

Presenting archaeological data to both public and academic audiences in the digital age presents problems and opportunities to make the results of excavation and survey more accessible. In some cases, one class of data is highlighted over another resulting in an unbalanced perspective. The ESRI Story map platform provides a template that can visually represent spatial information, and link this with photographs, artifact catalogs, and primary documents. What is more, Story Maps are set up to be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan L Schaefer. Judith A Finot.

This paper examines the archaeological remains of the Dardenne Presbyterian Church in Dardenne Prairie, Missouri. Constructed in 1845, the Church served as a gathering ground for residents of the area for both religious and social purposes. During the course of the Civil War, the Church was encountered by Union soldiers who proceeded to burn it down in 1862. Today, the remains of the church can still be found. Through selective shovel testing and excavation, various building materials have been...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William B. Liebeknecht.

The Elkins A & B site has produced some of the most interesting data seen along the U.S. Route 301 corridor.  The site represents two very different sites from two different periods in the 18th century.  Elkins B, the earlier of the two , was occupied from around 1720 to circa 1740 on property owned by John Greenwater Jr. This site had array of interesting items, such as a set of red-bodied earthenware vessels thought to have been manufactured in Philadelphia by the Hillegas brothers, numerous...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy A. Carn.

The rapid technological advances in digital computing of the preceding fifty years have allowed for an ever increasing complex analysis of archaeological assemblages. For those working with legacy collections curated before the advent of personal computing, the task of digitizing and formatting data into a usable form while also insuring against the same obsolescence that is being corrected can be daunting. The Applied Archaeology program at Indiana University of Pennsylvania takes a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alison Bell.

Solar-powered bulbs and flapping-winged ladybugs, wind chimes, whirligigs, jack-o-lanterns, valentines to the deceased, and much else adorn gravesites in the Valley of Virginia. A 2003 bowling trophy sits on the headstone of a person who died in 2001. A stuffed rabbit faces another stone and holds recent photos of children, as if showing them to the buried teen. These objects relate not only to the deceased’s personal histories and interests but also represent gestures, through exchange and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dorian Burnette. David Stahle. Edward Cook. Jose Villanueva. Daniel Griffin. Benjamin Cook.

A new drought atlas has been developed for subtropical North America, including the entire Republic of Mexico.  This Mexican Drought Atlas (MXDA) is based on 251 tree-ring chronologies, including 82 from Mexico and another 169 from the southern U.S. and western Guatemala.  The new reconstructions of the Palmer Drought Severity Index for June-August provide a more detailed estimation of decadal moisture regimes since AD 1400.  Droughts previously identified in a subset of chronologies are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Beatrix Arendt. John G. Jones. Derek Wheeler. Crystal L. Ptacek. Fraser Neiman.

Pollen data can serve as valuable evidence to advance our understanding of change and spatial variation in the landscape of Thomas Jefferson's Monticello from its initial European settlement in the 18th century to the present. The data presented in this paper draws from a multi-year campaign of stratigraphic sampling conducted in the largely ornamental mountaintop landscape immediately surrounding Jefferson's mansion. Comparing these data to stratigraphic samples collected away from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abiye E. Ichaba.

By the beginning of the 19th century iron working played important roles in the economic and socio-cultural ways of the inhabitants of Abuja. The traditionally produced iron tools and implements provided the much needed tools for agriculture, warfare, trade, inter-group relations, control of the environment, and other socio-cultural developments. By c. 1800 A.D., British colonial interests in the area had increased, just like other parts of Nigeria. This paper explores the decline of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Fong.

The historical archaeologies of the Chinese Diaspora has made progress departing from its assimilation/acculturation roots.  There remains, however, much room for future growth, particularly from a critical Ethnic Studies/Asian American Studies standpoint.  This paper utilizes an interdisciplinary perspective to consider how increased self-reflexivity along with critical interrogation and consciousness must be integral to how we approach our work on racialized communities.  We must question the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Mardikian.

Deconcretion of the exterior of the H.L. Hunley submarine is in full swing with more than 1250 lbs. of marine deposits and corrosion removed. This presentation will provide an overview of the recent progress by conservators at the Warren Lasch Conservation Center in North Charleston, SC. After a brief review of the project's major milestones, emphasis will be placed on the technical challenges of the deconcretion work including the lab setting requirements, the deconcretion plan, techniques of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maura Johnson. Robert Chidester.

Yard signs proclaiming, "Family Farms Not Factory Farms!" are a common site along rural highways in the Midwest. These signs are a direct response to the tremendous growth of corporate agriculture during the second half of the 20th century and the concomitant decline of the traditional farming model in which a single family owns and operates a productive, commercial farm. While most lay people likely assume that "factory farms" are a fairly recent economic phenomenon, in reality land...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Church. Daniel Warren. Robert Westrick.

During World War II, Germany sent their U-boats to the Gulf of Mexico to conduct warfare on merchant shipping.  As a result approximately seventy merchant vessels were sunk or damaged with only one U-boat lost in the Gulf of Mexico during that action.  The wreck sites of the German U-boat, U-166 and it last victim the passenger freighter Robert E. Lee were first investigated by archaeologists in 2001.  Fourteen years of historical and archaeological research reveals the intricacies of this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin A Parkoff. Amy Borgens. Amanda M Evans. Matthew E Keith.

At the commencement of the US Civil War, the Union devised the Anaconda Plan, implementing a series of blockades of major Confederate ports designed to disrupt Confederate trade and cut off supply lines.  For this plan to succeed, the Union had to enlist the support of a nonexistent patrolling naval fleet. The Navy worked quickly to supplement their fleet, acquiring vessels through a variety of means including those that were purpose-built for the navy, purchased for use by the navy, and/or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Martin.

Historical Archaeology was in its early stages as Diana diZerega Wall and her cohort, lead by Bert Salwen at NYU, began to excavate in New York City.  Here I will discuss how the use terms like gender, class, and race were revolutionary at the time and how they have allowed us to investigate further subtleties such as the dialectic relationship between insider and outsider communities.  Wall and her cohort have taught us to work with local descendant communities, bridged the gap between academia...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brenda Hornsby Heindl.

Important to the study of historic pottery is removing notions of contemporary craft and dated research on potters both rural and urban being secluded to local markets. If archaeology is evidence of anything, it is evidence that potters were not isolated, even for the early vestiges of production in America. Kiln sites are also evidence of potters' interests and capability of making large quantities of pottery for a broad market, as well as often making both earthenware and stoneware in one...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Worthington.

Over the last few decades, dendrochronology, or the science of tree-ring dating, has become a widely used tool for dating historic houses. In 2014, a comprehensive dendrochronological study was launched at Ash Lawn-Highland in order to establish a dated framework for the various phases of construction at the main house. This paper discusses the results of that study and its effect on the interpretation of the house and its surrounding landscape. 

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa R. Matthies-Barnes.

This study examines the presence (or absence) of professional dental restorative work in the form of fillings, crowns, bridges, or even full sets of dentures, using an integrative biocultural approach.  The dataset is derived from an intensive survey of historic cemeteries subjected to bioarchaeological analyses, and include differences in geography (urban versus rural), gender, race/ethnicity, age, and commensurate socioeconomic levels.  Since restorative dental work was both expensive and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gregory Brown. Mary Kate Mansius.

The Colonial Encounters project is a multi-institution collaboration intended to provide on-line and downloadable access to some 35 important archaeological assemblages from sites in the Potomac River valley dated between 1500 and 1720. Part of a larger project intended to provoke inter-site studies by standardizing and organizing previous archaeological projects, the website described in this paper was designed to deliver site summary documents, historical data, images, and a database...

DOCUMENT Citation Only michael seibert. John Cornelison. Rolando Garza. Sara Kovalaskas. Bruce Kaiser.

In 2012-2013, the Southeast Archeological Center undertook a project to analyze the chemical composition of the lead shot recovered from their recent archaeological surveys at Palo Alto National Historical Park, site of the first battle of the U.S.-Mexican War. Using a portable x-ray fluorescence machine, 771 lead shot samples were analyzed in order to ascertain whether there was a difference in the chemical makeup between the lead shot that had been previously identified, using traditional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stefan F. Woehlke.

                Human Behavioral Ecology (HBE) provides an intriguing opportunity for the interpretation of plantation management strategies. HBE has been applied with some interesting results to interpretations of past human behavior, but many claim it is inappropriate to interpret past life through the application of economic theory developed in the modern era. This approach is also criticized as a reductionist analytical approach based in conservative microeconomic theory. In light of these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only April Kamp-Whittaker.

Recent studies apply the concept of "personhood" to the archaeological record as part of the continuing attempt to understand the complexities of past societies by moving away from gross categories and instead examining socially constructed roles. This paper explores the application of "personhood" as a way to transcend a broadly defined focus on "children" or "childhood." Such generalizing terms can obscure the impact of gender, age, and other social or economic variables on children’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James B Schwaderer.

The development of digital technology is transforming society, including archaeology, in new and ever-expanding ways. From theodolites and GIS to informational databases and ion dating, the technological boom of the twenty-first century has provided new tools that increase the precision and complexity of archaeological analysis. The use of digital media by the average person has exploded, and such technologies provide new and intriguing avenues to reach and educate the public about archaeology....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas Jones.

Arizona is renowned for the well-preserved cultural remains of its prehistoric indigenous peoples. Cultural Resource Management companies have identified thousands of archaeological sites over the last 50 years. However, during this time, a growing number of historical archaeological sites have also been documented, including linear sites; waste-pile sites; homestead, farming, and ranching sites; and mines. Unfortunately, many archaeologists schooled and trained in prehistoric archaeology, are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily R Walter. Greg Katz.

When the British threatened Baltimore in 1814, the citizens did not panic or surrender. Instead, with the help of militia from all over Maryland and beyond, they rushed to reinforce their city’s defenses with earthworks and whatever artillery could be scavenged. The anchor of the defense was high ground known as Hampstead Hill. While most of the city’s defenses have disappeared under its expanding neighborhoods, a section on Hampstead Hill survived because it was preserved in what became...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah J La Fevre.

The purpose of this study is to compare the traditional recording as conducted by the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) with modern 3-D scanning, focusing on the Patterson-Altman Mill located in Saltsburg, PA. The Patterson-Altman Mill was originally built in 1912 and recorded by HAER in 1987 (HAER No. PA-110), and is currently featured on the Preservation Pennsylvania at Risk 2013/14 and Preservation National 2014 list. This study will use the image data collected from a 3- D Leica...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Swanson. Tiffany Goldhamer. Ray Blackmon.

The increased use of remote sensing technology has allowed archaeology to go farther and deeper than ever before.  The capability of effecting real-time adaptations to Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) surveys and the increase in resolution of remote sensing equipment has provided scientists with a better opportunity to study and research what lies below the ocean’s surface.  It is with advancing technology that science and engineering has allowed for the better protection and understanding of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marc Lorenc.

Expanding on conversations occurring in 19th century African American print culture studies, this paper explores the relationship of documentary archaeology to African American print materiality, black nationalism, and collective memory. Conceptualizing print material as mnemonic devices, the paper explores how print culture creates an imagined collectivity through the broad circulation of representational media. Specifically, this paper examines how these mnemonic devices, in relationship to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Yoshifumi Ikeda. Randall Sasaki.

The story of Kamikaze, or the legendary storm that destroyed the ill-fated fleet of Khublai Khan off Japan, is a well known story in history. It is recorded that more than three thousands vessels were lost. The search for the lost fleet took decades while only small hull fragments and scatters of artifacts were found. In 2015, finally a well-preservd vessel was discovered at Takashim Island in Nagasaki Prefecture. Unfortunately, the large majority of Japanese archaeologists had not realize the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melanie Damour. Pilar Luna Erreguerena. Frederick H Hanselmann.

Today, the Gulf of Mexico is known for its abundant marine life, seafood industries, offshore oil and gas development, and as ground zero for the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. To the first Spanish expeditions that "discovered" and explored this immense water body in the 16th century, the Gulf was an enigmatic sea. Spain’s earliest attention focused on establishing ports and settlements along the southern Gulf coast and Caribbean islands to consolidate control in the New World. As the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark A. Tveskov.

Frontiers are contingent and dynamic arenas for the negotiation, entrenchment, and innovation of identity.  The imposing materiality of fortifications and their prominence in colonial topographies make them ideal laboratories to examine this dynamic.  This paper presents the results of large scale excavations in 2011 and 2012 at the officers’ quarters and enlisted men's barracks at Fort Lane, a U.S. Army post used during the Rogue River Wars of southern Oregon from 1853 to 1855.  I consider how...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Sharfman.

In much of the developing world a triumvirate of treasure hunting, politics, and a lack of technical capacity/resources have skewed portrayals of what maritime history is and why it is meaningful. Shipwreck sites in particular have been promoted as the embodiment of the heritage of "the other" with little local relevance. Treasure hunters accordingly go unchecked in their efforts to recover valuable historical cargos—with detrimental effects for the archaeological inventory. This paper will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Sharfman. Justine Benanty. Ricardo Duarte.

In much of the developing world a triumvirate of treasure hunting, politics, and a lack of technical capacity/resources have skewed portrayals of what maritime history is and why it is meaningful. Shipwreck sites in particular have been promoted as the embodiment of the heritage of "the other" with little local relevance. Treasure hunters accordingly go unchecked in their efforts to recover valuable historical cargos—with detrimental effects for the archaeological inventory. This paper will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Fracchia.

Like the strikes of the late nineteenth century, especially the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, tensions arising from chronic inequality and marginalization once again led to protests and demonstrations in Baltimore in April 2015.  Areas of Baltimore remain alienated along racial and class lines that serve a capitalist process driven by the maximization of profit.  This paper examines how this same process resulted in the stratification of immigrant and African American communities in Baltimore...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Neil N Puckett.

Underwater investigations of drowned terrestrial sites have become increasingly important to the pursuit of New World, prehistoric archaeology. The Atlantic and Gulf Coast shelves, the rivers of Florida, the Pacific Coast, and the Great Lakes have each provided evidence for human occupations in now inundated landscapes. These pursuits have resulted in invaluable information on human behavior, offered excellent preservation of perishable and datable materials, and often presented uniquely buried...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Grinnan. Della A Scott-Ireton.

Remnants of Spain’s failed attempt to settle modern-day Pensacola in 1559, the Emanuel Point shipwrecks are legacies of Florida’s long colonial history. Community interest in the sites has been profound since the discovery of the Emanuel Point I wreck in 1992, but challenging dive conditions have limited opportunities for public access. After award of a grant to explore Emanuel Point II in 2014, the University of West Florida (UWF) Division of Anthropology and Archaeology began considering new...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tricia Dodds.

Crystal Cove State Park is home to many unique cultural resources that tell the story of California’s fascinating past. Its marine conservation area is no less extraordinary. In 1949, a Navy F4U Corsair airplane met its watery grave off the coast of Crystal Cove. Since its rediscovery, this underwater site has been studied and recorded by California State Parks with the assistance of other institutions. In 2014, the California State Parks Dive Team revisited the Corsair to evaluate its current...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Davidson.

In 2014 and 2015, the University of Florida Historical Archaeological Field School conducted excavations at the Bulow Plantation, a large sugar plantation in East Florida which was founded in 1821 and destroyed in a fire in 1836, during the Second Seminole War.  Our focus was a single domestic slave cabin of frame construction with a coquina stone chimney/fireplace. Excavations revealed a previously unknown architectural detail at the site in the form of a stone lined sub-floor pit feature or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel B. Rees. Chanelle Zaphiropoulos.

This poster presents perspectives on community engagement and investment in maritime heritage. Focusing on public programs in archaeology, this research speaks to the importance of immersive and interactive learning towards public education on the relevance of maritime history, including the processes and issues associated with excavation, identification, and conservation. The content of this review comes in reflection of Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) courses and surveys completed on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel B. Rees.

This project presents perspectives on community engagement and investment in maritime heritage. Focusing on public programs in archaeology, this research speaks to the importance of immersive and interactive learning towards public education on the relevance of maritime history, including the processes and issues associated with excavation, identification, and conservation. The content of this review comes in reflection of Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) courses and surveys completed on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy A Kotlensky.

In October 1948, 19 residents of the Pennsylvania town of Donora died due to industrial air pollution. Another fifty residents would die over the following weeks and several hundred more would battle lung ailments for the remainder of their lives. This particular air pollution – a combination of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and fluorine – originated from a smelting plant situated within U.S. Steel’s Donora Zinc Works that made zinc used in galvanizing steel wire products. This paper aims to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah P. Smith.

When dealing with the conservation of artifacts from archaeological contexts, one often focuses on a few special artifacts. This is often because there isn’t the time, money, or even simply enough artifacts to require looking at the larger conservation picture. Along Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site’s waterfront, a multitude of organic and inorganic artifacts, including ceramics, glass, wood, leather, and textiles, have been recovered. As a result, the conservation needs of whole...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meagan Ratini.

Among the building remains uncovered during JMA’s 2014 excavations of the site of Philadelphia's new Museum of the American Revolution were sections of the granite foundations of the famous Jayne Building. This building had been called an "ante-bellum skyscraper" by Charles Peterson, who rallied to save it from demolition in the 1950s. A century earlier, the construction of this substantial building had significantly altered its neighborhood and may have also influenced the later architecture...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen B. Metheny.

Historical archaeologists specialize in the evidence of daily life, including foodways, yet archaeological interpretations of food practices are often based upon the uncritical use of food histories. Archaeologists who are methodologically precise when investigating the physical evidence of foodways are often less exacting when using the secondary literature to interpret these remains. This practice poses interpretive perils for the unwary archaeologist, however. An examination of the role of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Josue Nieves.

Considering the 50th anniversary of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), critical evaluation of two of historical archaeology’s primary functions, fieldwork and collection management, appears to be timely and essential. As Julia King’s 2014 post to the Society for Historical Archaeology’s blog notes, current circumstances appear to favor the generation of new artifactual remains rather than the need to process and catalogue what is already unearthed. However, if historical archaeology...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chester Cunanan.

This project focuses on the 3D recreation of the various stages of the Dyottville Glass Works located between Gunner’s Run and the Delaware River. The Dyottville Glass Works began in the early 19th century and eventually produced a large variety of well-known bottles, flasks and other items that were widely used. Working from a variety of illustrations, photographs and paintings, along with point cloud scans of the original foundations, we have created an interactive platform that lets users...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ingrid Wuebber.

Dyottville has a strong association with its colorful founder, Dr. Thomas W. Dyott, but glassmaking began on the site before him and continued for much longer after him. This presentation will trace the history of the Dyottville Glass Works as it grew from John Hewson Jr.'s single furnace to the large factory complex of Henry B. Benners and his brothers.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen T. Rogers.

The early production of earthenware pottery was concentrated in upper East Tennessee where thirty-three of the forty-five recorded earthenware pottery sites were located.  Centered in Greene County, earthenware production began about 1800s and lasted in several isolated areas until the 1890s.  This continuation of older ceramic traditions previously established in Pennsylvania, Virginia, and especially North Carolina demonstrate the diffusion and evolution of regional variation as potters...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jasmine N. Gollup. Jim Bogert.

Archaeology has always been, and will always be, a discipline that easily enchants and captivates the general public. The Anne Arundel County (AA County) Archaeology program has created a successful method of benefiting from this interest, turning ephemeral public interest into active and serious participation. Our volunteer program welcomes all interested persons into both the lab and field environment, producing a cadre of skilled volunteers, an invaluable group that uses abilities gained in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter B. Campbell.

The field of maritime archaeology exists within a dynamic socio-political world that constantly changes due to actions of those outside the field, such as legislation, funding, and public opinion. Education must suit the needs of students who will work in current and future conditions; however, many field schools and degree programs operate using paradigms from previous conditions. Registrant responses on MaritimeArchaeology.com show concern on what is being taught, significant gaps between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kotaro Yamafune. Nicholas C. Budsberg. Charles D Bendig.

Archaeological work and cultural heritage management are significantly limited by time, personnel, and financial resources.  Many submerged and terrestrial archaeological sites are fragile, and are located in easily accessible areas, leaving them exposed to destructive processes.  The successful management of our cultural heritage involves regularly monitoring each site, but most management groups lack sufficient resources to conduct detailed surveys that include metrics, qualitative...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mateusz Polakowski.

The warships that took part in the Battle of the Egadi Islands (241 BC) have been investigated for over 10 years. The Egadi Islands Survey Project, a joint project of the Soprintendenza del Mare - Sicily and RPM Nautical Foundation aims to survey and excavate the battle site in order to better understand the events that took place at the Egadi Islands Battle. Interdisciplinary research and new technologies have allowed these studies to pursue new areas of inquiry previously unavailable....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Wilkins. John Bedell.

On behalf of the Delaware Department of Transportation, The Louis Berger Group completed an archaeological data recovery at the Noxon Tenancy, a circa 1740 to 1770 domestic site in St. Georges Hundred, New Castle County, Delaware. The site was part of the Noxon’s Adventure parcel, patented in 1734 and owned by two generations of the Noxon family. However, the Noxons did not reside on the property, and site was likely a tenant-occupied farm. Phase III test unit and feature excavations yielded a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathan Richards. Devin Urban.

Known to the people of Puerto Viejo, Costa Rica as El Lanchon (the barge) this intertidal structure was one subject for study at the Program in Maritime Studies’  2015 summer field school.  What began as an opportunity to experiment with photogrammetric techniques soon turned into a more detailed examination of the site’s various functions and multi-layered history.  This presentation will outline the present day use of "El Lanchon" as well as its connection to successful and failed industries...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew S. Lawrence. Jay V. Haigler.

Jutting into the Gulf Stream, Elbow Reef has claimed numerous vessels, particularly steamships, over the last 150 years. Today, these shipwrecks attract hundreds of divers and snorkelers visiting the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Archaeological research has revealed the histories of several Elbow Reef shipwrecks, but time has shrouded the identities of others until recently. The Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS) is partnering...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Law Pezzarossi.

This paper examines a collection of iron artifacts from the Sarah Burnee/Sarah Boston Site, a late 18th- and early 19th-century Nipmuc homestead in Grafton, Massachusetts. While the objects recovered have a broad range of purposes, the assemblage is assessed for its utility in the practice of woodsplint basketmaking, an emerging Indigenous industry in 19th-century New England, and the purported trade of one of the homestead’s inhabitants. Native woodsplint baskets were valued by Anglo-American...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jacob S Kayen.

Considering the archaeological process within the City of New York and comparing two excavations from lower Manhattan landfill sites excavated thirty years apart, this paper analyzes how New York archaeology is carried out in practice, how the process has changed over time, and the capacity for the vast accumulation of material to (re)instantiate contemporary understandings of the past. How does archaeological research reflect a sociocultural disposition of the present? The dominant narrative of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leah Colombo.

Climate change is unequivocal and recently the federal government has developed collaborative initiatives between the Departments of the Interior, Department of Agriculture, Environmental Protection Agency, NOAA, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to identify natural and historic resources that require conservation and restoration to ensure they are more resilient to changing climate. Coastal resiliency, in particular, implies the need to maintain appropriate storm barriers, such as sand...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jay Sturdevant. William Clayton. Steven De Vore. Michael Schumacher. Sean Rapier. Blair Scheider. Susan Kilgore.

The North West Company at Grand Portage defines the colonial narrative on the north shore of Lake Superior. A more inclusive historical narrative recognizes the lasting presence of the Grand Portage Ojibwe. After the 1854 Treaty of LaPointe, the Grand Portage Ojibwe entered the Reservation Era. Over the next century, the Grand Portage Ojibwe utilized traditional lifeways mixed with wage labor jobs while enduring U.S. Government policies of assimilation. Today, the Grand Portage Ojibwe co-manage...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Swain.

On the night of August 21st, 1814, British troops under the command of General Robert Ross camped at Nottingham in Prince George’s County, Maryland, while on their march to burn Washington, D.C. Nearly 200 years later in 2010, The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission began a multi-year survey at Nottingham with the goals of finding evidence of the encampment and of the nearby colonial town, established in 1706. Using a map drawn by a British engineer travelling with the troops,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Armstrong.

Trents Plantation, Barbados has provided a wealth of new information on early plantation life in Barbados.  In 2013 I reported on the recovery of the early settlement at Trents Plantation and briefly mentioned the identification of an enslaved laborer settlement on the plantation.  This paper focuses on findings related to the enslaved laborer community that was established on the property beginning in the late 1640s.  The site was occupied trough the period of slavery and abandoned upon...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donald Gaylord.

Liberty Hall Academy, the forerunner of Washington and Lee University, operated outside of Lexington, Virginia from 1782 until 1803. When fire consumed the institution’s academic building, the school relocated a half-mile closer to town. Following the move, Andrew Alexander and Samuel McDowell Reid, wealthy local residents and trustees of the school, operated their family farms at the site. Alexander owned between twelve and twenty-four slaves, and on the eve of the American Civil War, Reid...

DOCUMENT Citation Only AnneMarie Kooistra.

In 1909, the "closure" of Los Angeles’s "tenderloin" represented the influence of progressive reform ending an era of the "tacit acceptance" of municipal red-light districts nationally. Existing scholarship has focused on progressive reformers who helped launch the new policy, but there has been scant examination of the male subculture that helped transform the business of prostitution even as the era of regulation came to a close.  This paper examines Tom Savage, a saloon-owner, prize-fighter,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marco Meniketti.

The emergence of capitalism was a driving force in colonial Caribbean development.  The institutionalization of slavery, which sustained the economy was but one manifestation of the phenomenon. Environmental exploitation and degradation was another. The Caribbean is a patchwork of non-native plants, damaged ecosystems, transplanted cultures, syncretic identities, and subaltern economic systems, all of which are a legacy of policies that co-evolved with the emergence of mature capitalism as an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tad Britt.

Connecting specific site ecology, adaptation strategies, and location selection preferences for residential and mining resources at Death Valley National Park, the objectives of this study, are key tools that archeologists bring to the situation of climate change.  We use an ecological niche modeling approach that identifies bias as well as preference for site selection.  Specifically, the models output predict suitability and probability of where specific site types are situated across the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah A. Grady.

The Smithsonian Environmental Research Center located in Edgewater, MD is a 2,650 acre campus consisting mostly of eroded farmland. This paper focuses on the complex erosional processes occurring at a historic farmstead located on campus, Sellman's Connection (18AN1431: 1729-1917) by looking at key excavation units along with soil borings that identify the source of eroded material and its final resting place.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alan Armstrong.

This study examines cotton in the Caribbean through the examination of Estate Bellevue.  This site was an eighteenth century cotton plantation on St. Jan (St. John) in the former Danish West Indies.  It examines a well preserved cotton plantation for which the ruins of the small mansion house, outbuildings, cotton magazine/storehouse, cotton ginning platform, agricultural terraces, and platforms of enslaved laborer houses all survive.  Key elements of the site remain intact and artifacts...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carl Steen. Daniel Elliott. Rita F. Elliott.

The first European potters in South Carolina worked at the Spanish settlement of Santa Elena between 1565 and 1585. When the English established their permanent settlement at Charleston in 1670 pottery making was not a consideration. Andrew Duche, son of Philadelphia potter Anthony Duche moved to Charleston in the early 1730s and worked there briefly before moving south to Georgia. Another potter working in the European tradition moved to the frontier township of Purysburg later in the 1730s,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney M. Williams. David Landon. Stephen Silliman.

Faunal remains were recovered from five household sites, dating from the mid-18th to mid-19th centuries, on the Eastern Pequot reservation in North Stonington, Connecticut. Results from ongoing analyses indicate the residents’ incorporations of European-introduced practices and resources with traditional subsistence practices. Each site yielded a shifting mixture of faunal remains from domesticated and wild species. Over the course of the 18th century, the residents came to rely on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebecca L White. Meta F Janowitz.

The Remmey family is known for the distinctive blue decorated salt-glazed stoneware they produced at potteries in New York, Baltimore and Philadelphia during the 18th and 19th centuries. From the 1870s through 1910 the Remmeys manufactured fire brick and chemical stoneware at their large pottery in the Kensington section of Philadelphia. Excavations in advance of construction for the I-95 project in Philadelphia exposed an isolated stoneware waster dump associated with the Remmey manufacturing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan K Kleeschulte. Kathleen L Wheeler. Mihai Constantinescu. Thomas A Crist.

 The remains of a World War I soldier recovered at the Comana Monastery in southern Romania provide a case study emphasizing how careful documentation of the archaeological context and effective communication between archaeologists and forensic anthropologists improve the accuracy of distinguishing perimortem trauma from postmortem taphonomic damage.   Killed in battle, this soldier’s skeleton presented evidence of sharp force trauma, blast fractures, and postmortem damage from a mass burial and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathaniel R King.

Vasa was a 64-gun Swedish warship in the service of King Gustav II Adolf .  The vessel sank on its maiden voyage in 1628, taking at least 16 of the approximately 150 persons on board to the depths of Stockholm Harbor (Vasamuseet 2013; Vasa I 2006:36-55).  Amongst the cannon, figureheads, and skeletons are a collection of artifacts that can tell us how the crew lived, not just while aboard Vasa, but also ashore.  These artifacts include chamber pots, glass bottles, and other assorted health and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joshua J Butchko.

Unique circumstances have provided the opportunity to carefully investigate two historic New Jersey cemeteries as archaeological sites: the  First Presbyterian Church of Elizabeth (founded in 1668) and the  First Dutch Reformed Church of New Brunswick (founded in 1765).  In Elizabeth, a grave marker conservation effort involved excavations that yielded insights into the evolving cultural landscape of the property.    In New Brunswick, a monitoring program employed during new construction at the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith Linn.

Patent medicines were immensely popular in the 19th century. They promised astounding cures, were unregulated and relatively inexpensive, and permitted individuals to self-medicate without an interfering physician.  Archaeologists have often begun their interpretations of these curious commodities with the premises that they were lesser quality alternatives to physicians’ prescriptions and thus more appealing to poorer alienated groups (who  used them passively as advertised) than to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney E Page.

Piracy is an illegal act and as a physical activity does not survive directly in the archaeological record, making it difficult to study pirates as a distinct maritime culture. This paper examines the use of artifact patterning to illuminate behavioral differences between pirates and other sailors during the Golden Age (ca. 1680-1730). The artifacts of two early eighteenth-century British pirate wrecks, Queen Anne’s Revenge(1718) and Whydah (1717) were categorized into five groups reflecting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paulina Przystupa.

Institutions played an important part in American culture during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, serving segments of society that could not take care of themselves. While asylums, orphanages, and boarding schools have come to have a negative connotation in modern American culture, these places played a formative role in the enculturation and care for multiple generations and ethnicities in the United States. Particularly, children’s homes or orphanages and Native American Boarding...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin E. Uehlein.

Hobos and other transient laborers were integral to the development of industrial capital in the United States. They traversed the country filling essential temporary positions at the behest of capital interests. Yet, they frequently utilized alternative market practices in their labor arrangements, relying partially on direct trade over monetary payment. They likewise maintained intricate social networks, the material remains of which lay extant in past hobo campsites. Despite fulfilling a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan M. Bailey.

Due to their ephemeral, intangible nature, affect and emotion are difficult to capture and interpret from the archaeological record. However, to be human, feel emotion, and interact with one’s environment is a common experience that connects people across space and time; therefore, presenting affect and emotion is a powerful means of connecting people to the past. This paper uses a 18th-19th c. plantation context to explore the importance of sense perception, materiality, and the landscape to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeline Bourque Kearin.

The St. George’s/St. Mark's Cemetery in Mount Kisco, NY, offers an ideal site in which to investigate the construction of 19th-century middle-class personhood. Previous studies have generally conceptualized the gravestone either as a passive reflection of social realities or as a site of the momentary suspension of social difference. The proposed study will marshal historical and archaeological evidence in demonstrating how gravestones functioned as active participants in the articulation of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas E. Beaman. Jr..

Between 1958 and 1968, archaeological pioneer Stanley South excavated a total of 13 colonial era primary households and associated structures, as well as the courthouse, jail ("gaol"), and church.  While these excavations were designed to interpret these structures for public visitation, it was the tens of thousands of artifacts from these ruins that led South towards the development his pattern-based, scientific archaeology.  However, the artifact data from only three of these structures—Nath...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert W. Wanner. Jane I. Seiter.

From 2014 to 2015, excavations within the historic crossroads town of Neelsville in Montgomery County, Maryland, now a residential neighborhood, revealed a complex of features including a structure with a stone foundation. Initially identified as a blacksmith shop based on historic research, the structure was later revealed to be an adjacent domestic structure, presumably where the blacksmith and his family lived. A nearby sheet midden showed evidence of shared usage between the household, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karla M. Oesch. C. Andrew Buchner.

This poster presents the results of Phase III archeological mitigation (data recovery) excavations at the Howe Pottery (3SA340) on Military Road in Benton, Arkansas. The Howe Pottery is a National Register of Historic Places eligible archeological site that is significant because of its unique state of preservation, coupled with a general lack of archeological data for the late nineteenth-century pottery industry in the Benton area. Archival records suggest the pottery was established before...