Society for Historical Archaeology 2017

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas C. Budsberg.

Disciplines across the social and physical sciences often encounter similar setbacks; however,  intradisciplinary solutions addressing these setbacks are rarely identical, or transimplementable. Issues such as where to locate funding, how to organizing and streamline access to knowledge, and how to garner public support for the discipline rather than shallow substitutes (e.g. archaeology over treasure hunting) are longstanding setbacks - ones that are not unique to our discipline, alone....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark L Howe. David Camarena Garcés.

After the Mexican – American War (1846-1848) the International Boundary Commission (IBC) was formed. In 1944, this changed to International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) and its counterpart la Comisión Internacional de Límites y Aguas (CILA) due to evolving regulatory duties along the U.S. – Mexico Border for both Sections. Since the inception of the formal IBC in 1889, the present International Border from the Pacific Ocean to El Paso, Texas has increased to 276 international border...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erika K Loveland.

To better understand the built environment of Fort St. Joseph, an eighteenth-century mission, garrison, and trading post located along the St. Joseph River, the architectural remains have been a focus of excavation over the past ten years. The remains discovered through excavation at the fort will be discussed as they offer insights on the layout and size of buildings uncovered as well as the techniques and materials used in the buildings’ construction by the fort occupants. Knowledge gleaned...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donna L Gillette.

The Dana Adobe, site of an 1837 Mexican Land Grant issued to William Goodwin Dana, provides a model example of a managed landscape with a story to tell. This chronicle, situated on the Central California Coast, includes the prehistoric past, rancho period, emergence of statehood, the American Period, and a look to the future in the stewardship and management of the land and resources.  This unique 130 acre site, which is a California State Historic Landmark and on the National Registry, is owned...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas W. Sanford.

Scholars from the fields of archaeology, architectural history, and history have established common categories and cultural conditions for the building types used to house enslaved African Americans in Virginia between the 17th century and the American Civil War.  This paper examines architectural, political, and social constructs deemed critical to understanding both the diversity and the patterning of Virginia slave housing.  Recent research regarding surviving slave buildings, together with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew R Beaupre. Marley Brown III.

This paper examines two ends of the geographic spectrum along which the production of space can be expected to vary within the dynamics of colonial expansion. Employing case studies from Bermuda and the French colonial frontier, we analyze emerging border zones of the colonizer and the colonized, and the boundaries resulting from the replication of a persistent localism from the homeland. It is argued that the transition to multi-sited and multiscalar approaches within the historical archaeology...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tracy H. Jenkins.

Black feminist activists working in reproductive rights have long pointed out that access to abortion must be part of a larger project that also addresses poverty, racism, and other vectors of oppression that impact on women's ability to exercise free choice over their reproduction.  Family planning decisions sit at the intersection of these power structures.  This is illustrated at an early 20th-century tenement in Easton, Maryland, where gender ideals, racial segregation, slumlord renting,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan E. Springate.

Audre Lorde wrote, "There is no such thing as a single-issue struggle because we do not live single-issue lives." And yet, certain identities and struggles are forefronted every day. In 1903, middle-class women founded Wiawaka Holiday House in New York’s Adirondacks for "working girls" to have an affordable vacation away from unhealthy factories and cities. Using strategic essentialism and Third Space, a 1920s assemblage from Wiawaka demonstrates the deeply dependent relationships among race,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James C. Bard. Mark Warner.

An introduction to the session highlight the array of scholarship on numismatics and an exploration of the significance of mumismatics to the field of historical archaeology.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristi M Nichols. Clint Laffere. Richard A. Sample.

Archaeologists at Raba Kistner Environmental, Inc. (RKEI) have been utilizing 3-D ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys to rediscover Spanish Colonial features such as acequias and foundations in San Antonio, Texas.  Many Spanish Colonial sites in San Antonio are located in urban settings and are often covered by roads, parking lots, and sidewalks. Use of 3-D GPR, archival research, and, in some cases, subsurface testing, has allowed us to determine under what geomorphological and burial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allen Murray. Mallory Haas.

In 1914 A7 was on a training run and subsequently began her training dive, she was unable to surface again. Attempts were made to relocate her, but by that time all hands were lost, a total of 11 lives.  The Royal Navy was then unable to recover her, and she was abandoned.  Forgotten till sports divers relocated her in the 1970’s, then in 2001 A7 was designated a Controlled Site, under the Protection of Military Remains Act. Little was known of the wreck site due to a lack of monitoring of its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Willard.

During the 2012 UWF maritime archaeological field school, a large, complex portion of ship structure was discovered directly aft of the articulated stern of the Emanuel Point II shipwreck. In addition to a small amount of ballast, the structure is comprised of planks and framing timbers along with associated artifacts. One primary focus of the past two field seasons was to determine if this structure represented additional remains of the EP II ship or if it might be the presence of an additional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chuck Meide.

In July 2015, during the city’s 450th anniversary celebration, a buried shipwreck was discovered off St. Augustine, Florida by the St. Augustine Lighthouse Archaeological Maritime Program, or LAMP. Test excavations in 2015-2016 revealed a remarkable amount of material culture, including barrels, cauldrons, pewter plates, shoe buckles, cut stone, and a variety of glass and ceramics. These tentatively dated the vessel to 1750-1800 and suggested its nationality was likely British but possibly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chuck Meide.

In July 2015, a buried shipwreck was discovered off St. Augustine, Florida by the Lighthouse Archaeological Maritime Program, or LAMP, a non-profit organization which serves as the research arm for the St. Augustine Lighthouse & Maritime Museum. A 2 x 1 m test excavation revealed a remarkable amount of material culture, including two barrels, as many as six cauldrons, numerous unidentified concretions, four pewter plates, and a single sherd of brown stoneware.  The plates and ceramic tentatively...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gregory Cook. Meghan M. Mumford.

Investigations on the second shipwreck identified as a vessel from Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano’s 1559 fleet have intensified during the past two years due to a Florida Division of Historical Resources Special Category grant.  The site, known as "Emanuel Point II", is a well-preserved example of ship architecture related to early Spanish colonization efforts.  This site, along with the Emanuel Point I wreck and the newly discovered settlement site on the nearby shoreline of Pensacola Bay,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hunter Crosby. Erin Whitson.

The mid-to-late-19th century marked a time of enormous material and social changearound the world. Newly available lands and a more fluid social structure made life in the American West, and Texas, especially desirable for immigrants from Europe. Immigrants from the French-German border region of Alsace sought and found opportunity in what would become Castroville, Texas. The Birys, a family within the community, sought opportunity like many new immigrants and faced many of the same challenges....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bradford M. Jones.

Even as archaeologists continue improving the identification of Spanish colonial sites in Texas, consideration of the archaeological implications of the mix of regional and social identities that made up the settlers sent to populate these sites remains limited. Consequently, most research focuses on the presumed cultural provenance of artifact manufacture – European/Mexican/Chinese/Indigenous - to interpret colonial period sites and the material aspects of emerging frontier identities. While...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Fracchia.

On Christmas Day 1877, a fire spread through a block of homes in the small quarry town of Texas in Baltimore County, Maryland.  Although the fire destroyed the large stone rowhouse building, the flames also sealed the material record of the lives of a group of laborers and their families at that moment in time.  Examining labor relations within the town of Texas and the wider Baltimore area in the latter half of the nineteenth century places these artifacts in context and helps to explain the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catrina Cuadra.

For the colony of La Florida, life on the edge of the world was far from comfortable. Despite the hardships and dangers the residents of St. Augustine faced on a daily basis, they managed to find ways to amuse themselves. This poster investigates the distribution and spatial analysis of gaming pieces found in four colonial St. Augustine sites: Fatio, De Leon, De Mesa, and De Hita. These domestic sites span both the first and second Spanish periods and allow us to explore recreation and quality...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Valerie M. J. Hall.

The archaeology of gender is a complex field, examining the intersection of gender, sexuality, and class as performed through material culture.  Research in the field also turns a spotlight on biases inherent in Western culture that are often blindly projected onto the past.  Dr. Elizabeth Scott’s work challenges these biases, inspiring students and colleagues to think critically about perception and perspective while examining the lives of people "of little note." Her research elucidates the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jim Bruseth.

Archaeological investigations at La Salle’s 1685-89 Fort St. Louis in Texas (41VT4) were conducted in 1950 by the Texas Memorial Museum and again in 1999-2002 by the Texas Historical Commission.  Kathleen Gilmore analyzed the artifacts from the 1950 excavations and identified the site as the location of the French colony of Fort St. Louis.  The 1999-2002 further confirmed this assessment and recovered much information about a Spanish presidio built over the French settlement.  Kathleen was a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only P. Brendan Burke.

In 1874 a new lighthouse tower was completed in St. Augustine, Florida to replace an older lighthouse imperiled by coastal erosion.  A brick triplex constructed at the station in 1876 provided housing for light keepers and their families. From 1874 until 1889, Head Keeper William Harn and his family occupied the station, living in the Keepers’ House. Archaeology undertaken at the St. Augustine Lighthouse & Maritime Museum before, and during, construction work located a midden likely associated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anne E. Wright. Emily Schwalbe.

Circle Line V, previously known as Celt, USS Phenakite, USS Sachem, and Sightseer, and colloquially known as the "Kentucky Ghost Ship", is a grounded vessel off the Ohio River in Northern Kentucky that has become a popular attraction with kayakers and hikers. In addition to its striking appearance, the site is popular due to its reported history. Designed as a private yacht, it subsequently served in both World Wars, as a research vessel for Thomas Edison, and even as the backdrop in a Madonna...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter D. Fix.

Although the archaeological team excavating La Belle performed an extraordinary job at timber recording, all 1:1 drawings were traced by hand on Mylar and then digitized into AutoCAD. That data was later assembled into lines drawings, profile and plan-view scale drawings.  In advance of freeze-drying individual components of La Belle, there was an immediate need for precision measurements from drawings that were already two generations removed from the original source. The pain-staking process...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marco Meniketti.

From 1870 until 1920 the Loma Prieta timber mill ranked as one of California’s largest and most productive in terms of board-feet cut. Beginning operations a few years after the gold rush, workers were immigrants from many lands with aspirations for a better life than the one they left behind. The company clear-cut through ancient redwood forests in the Santa Cruz Mountains, providing timber for regional railroads, housing, and building of San Francisco. Following deforestation the region was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Celia J. Bergoffen. Arnulf Hausleiter. Matthias Kolbe. Georgios Tsolakis.

Four adjoining, massive stone and brick lager vaults were discovered fourteen feet below grade in the heart of Williamsburg's former lager brewing district. Unlike other beers, lager yeast ferments at the bottom of the vat and the brew must age at low temperatures. Before refrigeration, this was accomplished in subterranean vaults. Introduced in the U.S. ca. 1840, lager took off in the 1850s when a major influx of thirsty German immigrants arrived in Williamsburg where the water was good and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Kennedy.

Built in 1820, the passenger sidewheel steamboat Phoenix II ran the length of Lake Champlain for 17 years until the worn-out hull was retired in Shelburne Shipyard. With no known existing ship plans, the sole method of reconstructing the hull is through accurate measurements and documentation of the wreck itself. Since June 2014, archaeological divers from Texas A&M University used traditional recording tools including tape measures, rulers and digital levels to measure the submerged ship’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gerald F. Schroedl.

A landscape archaeology approach is used to examine the Orillon Bastion at the Brimstone Hill Fortress, St. Kitts (1690-1853).  Archaeological and documentary evidence record how the British military altered the number and kinds of structures within the Bastion and how they reconfigured their arrangements as the fort was enlarged, troop levels increased and were stabilized, and the military’s local and global strategic needs shifted during the fort’s occupation.  Initially used to house troops...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard L Carrico.

A comparison of  burial records from colonial Spanish  era San Diego with the results of archaeological excavation at the San Diego Presidio offers a unique opportunity to document life and death on the colonial frontier.  The written burial records list at least 209 persons buried at the presidio and the archaeological record provides information on 119 sets of remains.  A synthesis of the archaeological data, forensic data, and historical information provides new and important information...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kimberly A {PhD} Maeyama. Megan E {PhD} Ingvoldstad.

The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is the governmental entity tasked with the investigation, recovery, identification, and accounting for U.S. military members that have gone missing during conflict, while in service. This effort follows stringent scientific archaeologically-based protocols and practices, proving some degree of success especially for the resolution of incidents involving single-event site types such as aircraft crashes or burials. The archaeologist faces a challenging,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin Whitson.

Elizabeth Scott has spent many years working in Francophone settings on subjects connected to identity. She has been especially interested in the social makeup of such communities. In honor of Dr. Scott, I will focus on the materiality of enslavement within a houselot in the French town of Ste. Genevieve, Missouri. Forgetfulness can be a violent act. Modern landscapes and historical narratives of Ste. Genevieve, Missouri similarly reflect a semi-purposeful "forgetfulness" of enslaved individuals...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dwayne Scheid.

The Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, a relatively new unit of the National Park Service established by legislation in 1974, is located on the Upper Cumberland Plateau and includes land in both Tennessee and Kentucky. The historically remote and relatively inhospitable nature of the physical landscape of the Big South Fork contributes to the modern perceptions of the landscape and its people. The area has a long history of small-scale human habitation and evidence of the lives...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Dostal.

In January of 2016, the remains of an 18th century wooden ship were found during construction on the waterfront of Alexandria, VA. The ship was excavated and stored, and in June of 2017, the disarticulated timbers were shipped to the Conservation Research Laboratory at Texas A&M University for documentation and conservation. To document the ship, each individual timber is laser-scanned, and the individual laser scans are being re-assembled in the nurbs 3-D modelling suite Rhinoceros 5. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Edward P. Von der Porten.

Our fourteen Mexico-United States expeditions from 1999 to 2015 to a wreck site along the desert shore of Baja California, and study of contemporary documents, have enabled us to reconstruct the story of the earliest eastbound Manila galleon shipwreck.  The results include dating the ship to the period 1574 through approximately 1578, recovering her history, and explaining her tragic fate.  We have discovered lead sheathing with iron nails from her lower hull, large amounts of beeswax from her...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Hundley. Irini A Malliaros.

In 2017, maritime archaeologists from the Silentworld Foundation and Australian National Maritime Museum conducted a survey of historic shipwreck sites at Kenn Reefs, Australian Coral Sea Territory. The acquired data was utilised to build a comprehensive Geographic Information System (GIS) project. Maritime archaeology was born of, and is continually improved by, technological advances. GIS has become yet another indispensible tool to the modern maritime archaeologist - integrating data ranging...

DOCUMENT Full-Text John S Harris.

This landscape archaeology-oriented presentation concerns on-going thesis research that seeks to change the way archaeologists perform site surveys, as the prevailing method of recording site surface vegetation is of little research value. This presentation seeks to draw attention to the under-appreciated value of surface vegetation at sites as ecofacts, offering a critique of how it is presently documented on site forms, and suggesting some procedural solutions to increase their usefulness to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brianna Patterson.

In March of 1862, Confederate forces in Pensacola, Florida, decided to abandon the area to the Union forces occupying Fort Pickens, situated across Pensacola Bay. To keep all useful assets from the Union Army, the Confederates enacted what would later be known as a "scorched earth policy." As part of this strategy, Lieutenant-Colonel William Beard and his raiding party set out on March 10th to destroy all essential property associated with the lumber industry along the Blackwater and Escambia...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Anna R. Hartley.

Excavations at the 1607 James Fort site have recovered several pieces of high-quality vein graphite not local to Virginia. Many examples were shaped for use as pencils, but the majority was brought to Jamestown as raw nodules.  Tight dating of the graphite found at Jamestown offers new insight into the form in which graphite was sold in London during the early 17th century and into early graphite pencil use. Drawing upon archaeological and documentary evidence, this paper examines the graphite’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diana L Johnson. Katherine D. Thomas.

As we celebrate 50 years of the Society for Historical Archaeology, we must decide what our future will look like. In Bioware’s Mass Effect series, we can see what an archaeologist will look like in the future. Liara T’soni is a xenoarchaeologist, alien, and one of the main characters of the series. Throughout her journey, your hero helps her with her professional goals, and her profession helps you accomplish the task of helping the universe. This paper will explore her professional life in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsey Cochran. Nicholas Honerkamp. Cornelia Walker Bailey.

Slave cabins within two settlements at Bush Camp Field and Behavior on Sapelo Island, Georgia deviate from typical lowcountry Georgia architectural and landscape patterns. Rather than poured tabby duplexes arranged in a linear fashion, excavations in the 1990s by Ray Crook identified two wattle and tabby daub structures—both with slightly different architecture, and both built in an African creolized style. A 2016 University of Tennessee project attempted to locate additional slave cabins in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Krysta Ryzewski. John F. Cherry. Laura McAtackney.

In the first generation after emancipation Montserrat and its residents experienced exceptional difficulties. As the society transitioned from a sugar-based economy, former slaves, estate owners, and colonial authorities collectively struggled with the devastating effects of man-made and natural disasters, including a major earthquake in 1843, and a wide range of social, economic, and legal problems. This paper examines archaeological and historical evidence from St Peter’s Parish, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Aaron Howe. Jan Brashler.

In this paper we examine archaeological data from Blendon Landing, a village centered on logging in Southwest Michigan during the mid-nineteenth century. When the logging ceased, most left. However archaeological and historical analysis suggests that a period of squatting occurred following Blendon Landing’s "abandonment". Squatting, as a ‘mode of existence’ outside the primary relations of capitalism, is often neglected in historical and archaeological research. Life, however, does not end with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barbara Heath.

During the earliest decades of English colonization of the Chesapeake, the Potomac River Valley was a politically complex borderland between the colonies of Virginia and Maryland and Native American tribal groups. Here I trace the origins and development of the historic community of Chicacoan that emerged around 1640, and explore the domestic landscape of its leader, John Mottrom.  Mottrom settled a tract of land on the Coan River, south of the Potomac, which he acquired from the Chicacoan...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Worth.

The recent discovery and archaeological investigation of the 1559-1561 settlement of Tristán de Luna on Pensacola Bay, in concert with ongoing nearby excavations at the second and third Emanuel Point shipwrecks from Luna’s colonial fleet, has prompted new opportunities for research into the material culture of Spain’s mid-sixteenth-century New World empire.  In an effort to develop systemic linkages between the material traces left behind in different archaeological contexts, both terrestrial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul W. van Wandelen.

For nearly three hundred years of official use, with long periods of unofficial use both pre- and post-dating the road, the Camino Real del Tierra Adentro served as one of the major conduits of transportation in New Mexico. Along the route, campsites, known as parajes, were established to provide adequate stopping points and access to resources for the variety of travelers which used the road. Paraje San Diego, one of the most established of these stopping points in the Jornada del Muerto, was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles R. Cobb. Gifford Waters.

Lithic data have received sparse attention in research on the Franciscan missions of Spanish La Florida. A re-analysis of the collections from three seventeenth-century interior missions reveals that Native Americans continued to rely on a diverse lithic technological tradition well after arrival of friars in their communities and the subsequent importation of metal tools. This pattern is also reflected in historical accounts where, for example, Native Americans were mandated to maintain quotas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew A. Cox.

"It’s the little things…" this often-used quote sums up one of the most important things that I learned while working with Dr. Scott.  Whether it was taking the time to show us how to properly sharpen our trowels during an excavation, reminding us to double check our data, and to make sure to keep artifacts together by their respective proveniences when in the lab, each of these little pieces of advice helped to shape my own career. I find her advice on the little things coming back to me at the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan E Pickrell.

In 2016, Historical Research Associates, Inc., conducted archaeological testing at an urban site in the Cascade neighborhood of Seattle, Washington. Below 15 feet of fill, we identified an archaeological site dating to the early twentieth century. Data recovery excavations at the site focused on four features, including two intact privy shafts containing domestic debris deposited between 1905 and 1910. This paper provides an overview of the project from identification and testing of the site,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marika Hyttinen. Timo Ylimaunu. Titta Kallio-Seppä.

In the early 17th century the coastal towns in the present-day northern Finland’s Gulf of Bothnia, at that time a part of Swedish kingdom, became home to the pre-industrial mills manufacturing pitch by boiling tar. Producing pitch by fire was a dangerous process as tar was a highly flammable material, so the pitch mills were often founded on the islands or secluded places outside the inhabited urban area. This poster discusses the spatial practices of the pitch mill society and how the physical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian Kuijt.

If, as Henry Glassie argues, community is the space between hearths of Irish houses, then in many ways it was the landlord who framed the spatial geography and materiality of the 19th Irish household.  From 1750 to around 1910, individual absentee landlords owned the substantial islands of Inishturk, Inishbofin and Inishark inhabited by between 300 to 2,500 people.  As owners of these remote islands, and the villages and houses on their shores, the landlord leased land and seaweed rights, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Skinner.

Structure and institutional durability often play a role in the manifestation of identity by shaping the avenues available to human actors and by creating the landscape in which these actions are carried out. However, through durable institutions move volatile agents who have the ability to act tactically within often immobile institutional environments. These constraints and freedoms of individuals within institutional settings often culminate in the representation of an individual in death,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mindy R. Simonson.

The taphonomic processes that affect archaeological remains in a given location are some of the most significant factors to be taken into consideration when assessing the type and amount of information potentially recoverable from an archaeological site.  These processes vary widely based upon geographic region.  Human agency as a taphonomic process has similar geographically and culturally-based variability.  Through remembrance, memorialization, and commemoration, or lack thereof, to include...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordon Loucks.

This study focuses on the archaeological correlates of the lived experience of immigrant communities that worked along New York's canal systems during the nineteenth century. A part of ongoing dissertation research, this poster is meant to illustrate case studies of the events and pressures of immigrant labor with the goal of fostering a better understanding of New York's industrial, political, and social history. Issues involved in this complex topic include trade agreements and cost...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlin N. Zant.

The mid to late nineteenth century emergence of purpose-built sailing vessels to ply the Welland Canal was a relatively simple solution to meet the diverse demands of bulk cargo transportation in the Great Lakes. As such, ‘sailing canallers’ were an important economic link between the eastern and western United States, connecting economic and industrial landscapes of the Midwest with eastern markets, and fueling the expansion of major Great Lakes industrial centers. With few drawn plans, and no...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ruth Mathews.

The La Bahia was believed to have passed in front of the Inn. Investigations never located the illusive trace. Plans to expand the parking lot created an opportunity to look on the northeast side; the backdoor to the Inn and dining room. Background research revealed that the Fanthorp’s residence was at the front of the Inn. If travelers departed the stagecoach at the front door they would have traipsed through the Fanthorps living space to get to the dining area. While many guests stayed at the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Austin J George. Erika K Loveland.

A primary goal of the Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project is to ensure the community’s education and engagement with the investigation and interpretation of an eighteenth-century mission, garrison, and trading post in present day Niles, Michigan. This paper discusses how archaeologists, community members, and online viewers experience the site from a first person perspective. Throughout the 2016 field season, we filmed hours of point-of-view footage using two Go-Pro cameras to show the ways...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Suzanne Lilley.

Often cited as the archetypical expression of industrial accommodation, textile workers’ housing has provided a lens through which the social effects of industrialisation have been examined. Such houses have often been interpreted as either exploitative hovels or wholesome patronly investments. Within this polarizing discourse, the lived experiences of occupants frequently remains divorced from analysis of form and function.    Using a buildings-led approach, this paper investigates workers’...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John C. Bright.

On 16 August, 1918, British tanker Mirlo was lost near Wimble Shoals, off the North Carolina Outer Banks. Of the vessels 52 crew, only 10 were lost as a result of one of the most dramatic rescues in US Coast Guard history. Despite the well-known story of the rescue operation, the precise cause of the tanker’s demise remains unknown, as does the vessel’s final resting place. Review of historical documents regarding the vessel’s construction and armament provide new details which shed light on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tamara Holman.

One of the many gold mining interests of Fairbanks, Alaska pioneer Tom Gilmore was a custom gold processing mill on Fairbanks Creek. The 5-stamp Allis Chalmers mill was unique to the district when it was installed in 1915. After his death in 1932, Gilmore’s widow continued custom milling operations. The Gilmore Mill was lost to history because the nearby McCarty Mill had been misidentified as the Gilmore Mill in a Fairbanks historic buildings inventory and repeated by multiple sources. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hunter W Whitehead.

Naval Air Station (NAS) Pensacola, renowned as the ‘Cradle of Naval Aviation’, has been a fundamental pilot training facility for the U.S. Navy since its establishment in 1914. Soon after, World War I ensured aviation would remain an important aspect of U.S. naval warfare, and lead to increased influx of prospective aviation cadets at NAS Pensacola. The next several decades of training led to hundreds of training accidents, some of which resulted in the loss of naval aircraft in waters offshore...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cassandra A Medeiros.

Moonshine stills are commonly discovered during archaeological surveys and excavations across the American South, where moonshine production holds historical economic importance. Stills are recorded occasionally, but little investigative research is done because of a prevailing assumption that they offer nothing of historical significance. I seek to demonstrate that this assumption is not correct. My major objectives include establishing a chronology and typology of stills, identifying...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chelsea R. Freeland.

The U.S. Merchant Marine provided a necessary supply line to Allied troops through the entirety of WWII. In June 1942, the crude oil tanker F.W. Abrams fell victim to the Hatteras minefield, a defensive mechanism meant to protect U.S. merchant vessels. The ship struck three mines before sinking just off the coast of Ocracoke Island, North Carolina. In May 2016, the Battle of the Atlantic Research Expedition Group began a Phase I survey of the site, primarily to corroborate or compare to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Fearon. Christopher P. Morris.

Piecing together and conserving weathered timber skeletons of shipwrecks is a daunting undertaking in the best of circumstances. But, when those timbers are ripped from their resting place during a massive construction project, displaced, left exposed to the elements and general public, for weeks before being locked away, untreated, in storage for over a year, that undertaking can become a near impossible challenge. In the flurry of massive multi-agency infrastructure projects undertaken to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jenna K Carlson.

            The Proprietors of colonial South Carolina had wanted the colonists to be "planters and not graziers."  However, the mild winters of South Carolina and the abundant range-lands were perfect for livestock production, and the livestock industry soon provided the financial foundation for many colonists to be planters as well as graziers.  Utilizing faunal evidence from eighteenth-century assemblages from Drayton Hall, this paper explores the changing cattle husbandry strategies employed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Grinnan. Della A Scott-Ireton. Michael B Thomin.

The people of Pensacola have long been proud of their connection with the 1559 Tristán de Luna expedition and to the earliest European multi-year settlement of the United States. The recent discovery of Luna’s colony site on land, together with the ongoing excavation of ships associated with his wrecked fleet, has stimulated renewed public interest and excitement in the community’s heritage.  Archaeologists with the University of West Florida and its(?)theFlorida Public Archaeology Network work...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Worth.

The 1559-1561 expedition of Tristán de Luna was the largest and most well-financed Spanish attempt to colonize southeastern North America up to that time. Had it succeeded, New Spain would have expanded to include a settled terrestrial route from the northern Gulf of Mexico to the lower Atlantic coast.  While a hurricane left most of the fleet and the colony’s food stores on the bottom of Pensacola Bay just five weeks after arrival, the colonists nonetheless struggled to survive over the next...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leo A. Demski.

Before the invention of refrigeration and artificial ice, naturally harvested ice was an important seasonal commodity for food storage and heat regulation.  In 1852, Boston ice was shipped to San Francisco and sold as a luxury.  Shortly thereafter, high demand led entrepreneurs to create ice companies in the Sierra Nevada Mountains along the newly-completed transcontinental railroad.  The railroad could transport ice to customers, and utilized it to ship perishable food items over long distances...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Denise Jaffke. John Herrald.

On June 7, 2017, a diver from the U.C. Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory found a bow section of the Maggie Ross, a steam schooner that wrecked off the coast of Russian Gulch in August, 1892. The schooner was headed north from San Francisco when it struck a submerged rock near the former Russian outpost of Fort Ross. The captain was able to beach the foundering vessel at the nearest "doghole" port. This event was only the last of what was a tumultuous career for the ship. This paper will examine the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Janene W Johnston. Mariana Zechini.

3D modeling has been successfully incorporated into the realm of public outreach and interpretation. The ability to virtually access and manipulate artifacts and monuments allows people to interact with the object where they are incapable of doing so. Creating replicas also provides a hands-on experience by permitting onsite visitors to examine and hold certain objects, including the more delicate cross-mended materials. This project utilizes magnets in an attempt to connect the plastic replicas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam F. W. Rigby. Tracie Mayfield.

This presentation outlines archaeological research focused on the nineteenth-century, British sugar plantation settlement at Lamanai, northwestern Belize. Little is known about the eighteenth- and nineteenth- centuries at Lamanai, and this ongoing project aims to answer questions regarding how life (residential, industrial, and administrative) was structured. Archaeological data presented here includes the results of recent archaeological excavations (2014) and a study of previously excavated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia G. Markert.

  In many ways, Castroville, Texas is a world unto itself. As the "Little Alsace" of Texas, it has been built for over a century through work, struggle, and cooperation – with words and materials, memories and relationships. This world is continuously crafted today, through the restoration of historic Alsatian-style houses and the stories that are told about the town and its history. Though Castroville has been a nexus of Alsatian identity in Texas, other Alsatian colonies spread further into...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeffrey Mitchem. David Stahle. Timothy S. Mulvihill. Jami J. Lockhart.

Most archeologists agree that the Parkin site (3CS29) is the village of Casqui described in the chronicles of the Hernando de Soto expedition. When the Spaniards visited in 1541, one of the things they did was raise a cross atop the platform mound where the chief’s house stood. In 1966, archeologists found what they suggested was the base of this cross in a looter’s pit. Additional research in the early 1990s revealed that the post was made of bald cypress that was radiocarbon dated between 1515...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Russell K Skowronek.

For two and one half centuries from 1565-1815 the Manila Galleons navigated the vast expanses of the Pacific laden with the highly desired exotica of Asia- spices, fine textiles, and glistening porcelains. Acapulco, while the terminal port for the eastward-bound vessels was in reality the starting point for the distribution of their cargoes to the Iberian motherland and to the farthest corners of their colonial New World empire.   These commodities not only captivated the imagination of Spain’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kami L Ahrens.

"Making the FrontierHome"is a digital project comprised of both traditional research methodology and photogrammetric digital reconstructions interwoven to explore gender roles and identity on the frontier during the mid-nineteenth century.  The project analyzes domestic artifacts excavated from the cargo of the Steamboat Bertrand, which sank in the Missouri River near DeSoto Bend, Iowa in 1865 on its way to the mining communities of Montana.  The Bertrand serves as a case study to explore life...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Roni H. Polk.

In 1984, "Historical Archeology at Jamestown-A Legacy" was written, produced and directed by the presenter as part of a Masters thesis in Anthropology at the College of William and Mary in Virginia.  Preparation for the project included documentary research, correspondence with people who had worked at Jamestown in the past, preparation of interview questions, writing a grant application to the college for videotape, and arrangements to use the video equipment there to edit the interviews into a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Susan Langley.

The remains of nearly 100 WWl-era wooden steamships fill the waters of a half-mile wide embayment on the Potomac River and downstream singly and in clusters.  The maritime cultural landscape exhibits many other elements related to the original placement of the vessels in the bay, shipbreaking efforts during the Depression, and renewed scrapping endeavors during WWII.  In 2014, the State of Maryland created the Mallows Bay-Widewater Historical and Archaeological National Register District that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel A Haddock.

Marine magnetometer surveys are incredibly useful for identifying buried cultural resources.  Magnetometers are extremely sensitive instruments that measure anomalies within Earth’s magnetic field.  Ferrous materials often associated with man-made objects create these anomalies that archaeologists can identify to potentially find historic and prehistoric sites.  Due to the potentially small size of the magnetic readings, any complications in the survey can mask or mislead the interpreter.  Much...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joshua L. Marano.

The physical landscape of the Florida Keys and its associated reef tract has forced a series of unique adaptations to manage the risk of utilizing the area. The study of human adaptation and modification of the area through the progress of systematic survey, the establishment of an Aids to Navigation (ATON) network, and the further development of maritime infrastructure could be interpreted as a means to measure human exploration and utilization of the maritime frontier. Furthermore, it...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert W. McQueen. Shaun Richey.

Digital mapping is the trending technology for just about any archaeological fieldwork project. While many universities (and their impassioned students) have access to this new technology and can play with it ad nauseam, its introduction to CRM projects is not as forthcoming as some would like (including CRM practitioners and nascent drone companies). Like all emerging technologies, questions abound about which technology to use, effective application for the task at hand, and most importantly,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shaun Richey. Robert W. McQueen.

The use of unmanned aerial systems (aka drones) as part of archaeological survey is becoming more common. This approach holds promise for visually describing the complexity of mining landscapes at a level of detail not available to most aerial imagery. However, the methods and resulting data generated with this approach require closer scrutiny. The variety of technological options available for both the UAS, and for post-processing software, creates difficulty in developing a consistent approach...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Glenn J. Farris.

The Sacramento River as it flows through the Carquinez Straits into San Francisco Bay is an imposing body of water. Ocean going ships could sail a considerable ways upstream. Whereas early Spanish explorers provided rough, schematic maps of the river as far back as 1824, the first professional mapping was accomplished by surveyors aboard HMS Sulphur, commanded by Captain Edward Belcher in 1837. However, the map resulting from this survey was never published. Recent research at the United Kingdom...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan C. Hagseth. Grace Tsai.

The 17th century city of Port Royal, Jamaica was one of the most economically important English ports in the New World. Inhabiting the south side of the island, this defensive fortification protected the entrance to Kingston Harbour.  It is well documented that 17th and 18th century ships stopping at this economic center would often provision by hunting marine turtles.  Sold at the west market on High Street in Port Royal, these animals were also consumed locally. This paper aims to identify the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeline Bourque Kearin.

The Royal Edinburgh Asylum was one of the leading institutions in psychiatric research and treatment in 19th-century Scotland and one of the first to institute programs of moral management. While derived from French and English models, the implementation of moral management followed a distinct trajectory at the REA and other Scottish asylums, reflecting their particular cultural and political context. My paper will examine how the material practices of 19th-century institutions emerged from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nina Schreiner.

By law, permanent residents of French settlements were Catholic. Systematic Catholicizing of French North America was nominally successful, but lay religion retained unorthodox elements, including belief in powerful supernatural beings and the effectiveness of magic in daily life. This study briefly surveys folklore and ethnohistory from New France and Louisiana to shed light on such folk religious beliefs and practices, then moves to consideration of diverse forms of material culture associated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin E Eichelberger.

The 19th century U.S. Army was a hierarchically ranked subculture characterized by a caste-like system of institutional inequality.  Individual officers were commissioned into hierarchically ranked military classes, known as ranks, that were both authoritatively and socially distinct and within which each officer behaved in accordance with military discipline and a strict set of non-militaristic social norms.  This paper examines how commissioned officers at two mid-19th century U.S. Army posts...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Landon. Christa Beranek.

Recent archaeological excavation has recovered the first intact features related to the early-17th-century Plymouth Colony settlement in downtown Plymouth, Massachusetts. This paper presents an overview of these investigations with a particular focus on the representation of Native Wampanoag lithics and pottery across the English features. These data are critically examined to assess whether this represents inclusion of Native materials from an underlying site or the use of Native technology...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Penny Crook.

The systematic indexation of quality in mass-produced goods offers a new approach for historical archaeology and studies of consumption. The relative excellence of glass and ceramics sherds has proven to be a useful complement to traditional analyses of function, fabric and decoration when studying consumer choice at the household level. But does this approach suit the archaeological study of personal goods? Are the challenges of artifact preservation and assemblage diversification too great?...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brianne E Charles.

From life to death and beyond the grave, the bodies of the individuals buried at the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery have been vulnerable to the actions and authority of medical professionals.  Medical procedures and the implementation of human remains for training purposes are two forms of culturally-sanctioned skeletal modifications detected among the juvenile remains recovered from the 1991-1992 Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery excavations.  This paper presents the results of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Francesco Maria Galassi. Thomas Böni. Patrick Eppenberger. Michael E. Habicht. Urs Leo Gantenbein. Frank J. Rühli.

Since its humble and pioneering beginnings, mummy research, as a branch of  paleopathology, has grown remarkably. The implementation of state-of-the-art radiological techniques, as well as molecular and chemical methodologies, has advanced our knowledge of how mummification was performed in ancient Egypt, at the same time allowing us to get a clearer idea of the history and morphology of diseases in primeval times, thus shedding light on the evolution of pathogens and biological responses to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Riina Veijo. Heidi Lamminsivu. Sanna Lipkin. Aki Hakonen. Tiina M. Väre.

The old parish of Tyrnävä in coastal Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland, was in use from the 1640s until the 1890s. Two churches have been located on the site and the latest was burned down in arson in 1865. Several old grave memorials, mostly dating to the 19th century, are still present on the site. In 2017, a geophysical survey was performed on the site with ground-penetrating radar and magnetometer in an attempt to precisely locate the forgotten site of the burned church. During these studies,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Breanna M Wilbanks.

From Ireland to Fort Smith, the Sisters of Mercy parish was established by Bishop Andrew Byrne, along with five devout female recruits, to support the Church of Immaculate Conception which would be the first Catholic place of worship in what was considered the "wild" westernmost portion of the United States.The Sisters of Mercy site, (3SB1083) was occupied from its establishment in 1853 up to present day, where it hosts several schools, outbuildings, and a cathedral and acts still today as a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter Von der Porten.

This paper discusses the use of metal detectors in the investigation of a late sixteenth-century Manila galleon shipwreck in Baja California, Mexico. The use of metal detectors has successfully identified artifacts and structural remains from the ship, and has aided in the delineation of the boundaries of the terrestrial portion of the wreck site. This paper discusses the types of metal targets expected on the wreck, metal detecting methodologies developed over many field seasons, examples of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ronald Spores.

This presentation defines and underlines the importance of a systematic "Convergent Methodological Approach" to studies of the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade from 1565 to 1820, combining archaeological, geomorphological, and historiographic methods in investigations relating specifically to the "Beeswax Wreck" of Manzanita-Nehalem Bay, Oregon, which are now progressing rapidly, and thereby demonstrating the value of this integrative approach to the study of the galleon trade and to American...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Lynn Evans.

Archaeological excavations have taken place at Michilimackinac every summer since 1959, pre-dating the Society for Historical Archaeology.  The project and its approaches have evolved along with the discipline.  This paper examines current research at an English trader's house within the fort.  His wide range of ceramics and other goods provide insight into the cosmopolitan nature of life on the edge of the eigteenth-century British empire.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erika Davila. Elizabeth Latham. Grace Tsai. Robin Anderson.

Seventeenth-century cookbooks, sailors’ records, and data from archaeological faunal remains were used to replicate salted beef for the Ship Biscuit & Salted Beef Research Project. Samples of salted beef and brine were taken out regularly and tested for microbes at the USDA Agricultural Research Service laboratory in College Station, Texas. Our team, using selective plating techniques, isolated the microbes for downstream DNA sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene. This paper presents the taxonomic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane Zentgraf.

Soldiers stationed at two remote Pacific Northwest military forts, Fort Hoskins (1856-1865) and Fort Yamhill (1856-1866), Oregon, led a monotonous life in the wet, dreary western Oregon coastal mountain range.  The repetitive nature of military life for these men was relieved by what was considered at the time a pleasure and a distraction, the smoking pipe.  Fortunately for these soldiers it was the peak of European and American manufacture of clay smoking pipes in variety, quality and artistry....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Crystal A Dozier.

Archaeological investigations at Fort Brown (41CF96) have provided a wealth of information about military life in south Texas. This re-analysis of the faunal material recovered by the Archaeological Research Laboratory’s survey efforts in 1988 investigates butchery patterns found at the site. The butchering patterns for cattle are decidedly unlike modern practice; while some evidence for typical modern cuts, like steaks exist, beef ox coxae and sacrum were sliced similarly to more meat-bearing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Noora Hemminki. Marika Hyttinen. Timo Ylimaunu.

In the 17th and 18th centuries several proto-industrial mills were established in the present day Finland, at that time under rule of Swedish kingdom. Around the mills grew up close-knit communities, consisting of mill workers and their families, which were controlled and ruled by the mill owners. This poster discusses two divergent Finnish early industrial communities, Pikisaari pitch mill community in the town of Oulu and Östermyra ironworks community in southern Ostrobothnia. We will compare...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catherine Jones.

Initially established for burial of the city’s unclaimed, indigent, and institutionalized, the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery quickly became a convenient disposal venue for city institutions such as the Milwaukee Medical College, Wisconsin College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Milwaukee County Coroner’s Office. Excavations at the site in 1991-1992 and 2013 revealed a unique subset of burials containing the partial remains of multiple individuals, many of whom show evidence of autopsy and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelley Esh.

The Defense POW-MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is responsible for the recovery of U.S. servicemembers' remains from past conflicts.  This paper will briefly review the history of military remains recovery by the U.S. government, focusing on the personnel responsible for field recovery as well as the methods typically employed.  We will then explore the evolving role of archaeologists in the accounting community, and how this parallels the modern development of forensic archaeology as a distinct...