Society for Historical Archaeology 2018

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tyler M Caldwell.

The rise of the Arabic Caliphates in the Levant and the subsequent dominance of the Mediterranean Sea by their fleets led to large scale construction of fortifications on Cyprus. Alexius I, ruler of the Byzantine Empire, constructed numerous fortifications in the Kyrenia region of Cyprus to secure the natural resources and coastline from Arabic incursions. These fortifications along the mountain ranges and ports acted as lookout positions and walled areas people could retreat to in times of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Josue T. Guzman.

The Fort of San Diego, at Acapulco, was built and garrisoned since the early 17th-century, in order to repel pirates or naval forces of enemy countries. After the 1776 earthquake, the fortress was entirely redesigned, rebuilt and fitted, according to criteria then in use. This new structure was besieged by an insurgent army, leaded by Morelos during the Mexican Independence War in 1813. The fort was continuously occupied by military personnel until 20th-century, when it became the local...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tyler Smith. Keilani Hernandez. Laura Clark. Samantha Seals.

There are few public archaeology outreach programs around the nation with concise or overarching programming standards and currently minimal data on the effectiveness of these programs (Kirkland & Carr, 2010). As organizations focus on meaningful impact with the public in terms of what are participants’ motivation for attending, perceptions of the programs, and variables affecting their appreciation, and perceptions of archaeology, they can improve their quality. Illustrations from case studies...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jamie E. May. Michael Lavin. Bill Haley.

Jamestown Rediscovery’s museum and exhibits center on archaeological discoveries in and around 1607 James Fort, the first permanent English settlement in the new world. In addition, Jamestown is notable as the meeting place of the first representative government, the arrival of enslaved Africans, and for Virginia Indians. While the locations where these historic events took place do not change, the landscape often does, thus providing challenges to the communication of cultural concepts on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica L. Nelson.

This paper discusses the development of a Dutch national identity in the 17th century Dutch Republic, as evidenced in both the archaeological and historical records, and how this identity persisted with some variation in the West India Company colonies of New Netherland and St. Eustatius. By the early 1600s, a common Dutch identity rooted in the shared values of pragmatism, cleanliness, self-interest, Calvinist morality tempered by an appreciation for material comforts, and a conviction in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kate Ellenberger. Katherine Seeber.

At the beginning of the Masters Program in Public Archaeology (MAPA) at Binghamton University, we worked with the Director to create a digital identity, write a social media strategy, and develop a student blogging group for the program. Student blog posts on contemporary political events and scholarly debates have garnered attention from the archaeological community for the two years since. In this paper, we evaluate the public response to the MAPA blog by analyzing social media posts that link...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lyle Torp.

Fieldwork and archival research has been conducted at Gloucester Point since the mid-1970s, yet only recently has an effort begun to synthesize the data developed from this piecemeal effort. Synthesis requires a concentrated effort at compiling and organizing cartographic and historical records, not solely to develop context and create narratives for the occupants of this place over time, but also to create research questions that can be addressed with the vast amount of available archeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer F McKinnon. Anne Ticknor. Anna Froula.

War in the Pacific: Difficult Heritage recently engaged veterans, veteran families, and WWII survivors on the Pacific island of Saipan in considering how conflict heritage can be seen as universal to humanity and how it can be used to examine the veteran’s experience. The starting point for this consideration was to focus on the historical and contemporary warrior/veteran’s experiences as it relates to collective human experience of war and how we might come to understand and interpret the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only April Kamp-Whittaker.

The rich documentary record available to historical archaeologists creates a unique opportunity to recreate social networks in past communities. Social network data can demonstrate how communities and individuals responded to changes to existing social structures, such as those caused by diaspora. Japanese American internment represents a forced diaspora as incarceration altered existing social structures and networks. Data from the Amache Internment center in Southeastern Colorado are used to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kayt Armstrong.

This paper will present the early results from the landscape strand of a multidisciplinary research project examining the landscape impacts of the Great Depression (1929-39). The goal of this project is to archaeologically investigate the impacts of and responses to the Great Depression in  Northeast England, and to analyse these responses as interventions in the built environment, exploring their landscape impact. Early results indicate tensions between changes in wider culture (the coming of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joseph A. Downer.

Emerging technologies have empowered archaeologists to interact with the public in new and exciting ways. At George Washington’s Mount Vernon, archaeological staff are incorporating geospatial analysis and story-telling tools to present to, and interact with various public and professional audiences. This paper will briefly discuss the use of ESRI Storymaps to engage with and inform the public both in the field and from the comfort of their own homes. Further tools, such as ESRI’s collector...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jaroslava M Pallas.

As North American cities underwent growth and change in the early to mid 1800s, production and consumption of food became a chief driving force in this transformation. For many North American cities, including Detroit, a defining moment in urbanization is characterized by the change in food production. Through an assemblage of faunal remains, historical documents, and cookbooks, this paper attempts to illustrate the processes of change in Detroit during 19th century, and observe the transition...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zada Komara.

Appalachia has been represented problematically for the past 150 years: Appalachians are the homogenous, white ‘Other’ in a backward land of isolated hillbillies living in opposition to the American mainstream.  Such characterizations have been revitalized since the 2016 election to explain Appalachia’s ‘cycle of self-inflicted ills,’ to justify exploitation, and to obfuscate underlying structural factors.  Archaeologists in Appalachia have unique input about its materiality, identity, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria Jones. Jamie Brandon.

Leetown, a nineteenth century hamlet now within Pea Ridge Military Park in Northwest Arkansas was investigated during the University of Arkansas’ summer 2017 field school. The preliminary study of Leetown was a cooperative effort between the University of Arkansas, the Arkansas Archeological Survey, and National Park Service’s Midwest Archeological Center. The goal of both the geophysical and excavations were to identify what buildings and roads were located in the hamlet―from the Civil War...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victor Thompson. Amanda D. Roberts Thompson. William Marquardt. Karen J. Walker. Lee A. Newsom.

In 1566, Pedro de Menéndez de Aviles arrived at the capital of the Calusa kingdom. During that same year Menéndez issued the order to construct fort San Antón de Carlos, which was occupied until 1569. This fort was also the location of the first Jesuit mission (1567) in what is now the United States. We now can confirm, what archaeologists and historians suspected, that the location of the fort and the capital of the Calusa was the site of Mound Key (8LL2), located in Estero Bay in southwestern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alex J. Flick.

This paper examines the assemblages of three sequentially occupied sites related to the displacement and northward migration of the Piscataway from their southern Maryland homeland between 1680 and 1743. These collections provide evidence for the group’s adjustments to new physical and social terrains encountered in dislocation. Although historical records document Piscataway efforts to distance themselves from the encroachment and harassment of English colonists by vacating their ancestral...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Evan P. Taylor.

In 2001, the Old City of Acre, a Palestinian quarter of the mixed Jewish-Palestinian municipality of Acre in northern Israel, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site and state projects are underway to transform the Crusader and Ottoman-era landscape into a tourist attraction. This research asks how residents, most of whom belong to internally displaced families of 1948, are navigating the state heritage project. Memories of displacement  and of the relative safety and autonomy found in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catherine Jones.

Excavations at the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery produced a large subset of burials showing evidence of autopsy and dissection. In addition to the osteological evidence of autopsy and dissection, these burials also contained broken equipment and medical refuse which reflect the medical, pedagogical, and medicolegal procedures in use at the turn of the last century. An incorporated study of these materials is necessary to examine the connection between the practical engagement with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maura A Bainbridge.

Ludlow, Colorado and the Pullman neighborhood of Chicago present two contrasting examples of a postindustrial environment.  Both were the sites of significant labor conflicts of the 20th century, but their preservations have taken opposite paths. Today Pullman stands as a National Monument and historic district, while Ludlow is a granite memorial in a so-called ghost town.  This paper compares both the material aspects of these postindustrial environments and the publics who interact with them....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas E. Emerson. Robert F. Mazrim. Duane E. Esarey.

For nearly half-a-century Illinois historical archaeologists have been buffeted by changing disciplinary goals, compliance directives, and academic fluxes. Early efforts in the 1920-50s at Lincoln’s New Salem, French Colonial sites, and pioneer sites were classic "handmaidens to history" designed to materialize significant historic events.  The focus shifted dramatically with the NHPA and processualistHistoric emphasis in Criteria D on significance resting solely on material remains.  Given the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only kalina kassadjikova.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, Georgetown County in South Carolina was the most prominent rice-producing region and contained some of the largest slave plantations in the New World. Working with a collection of commingled human remains, this study uses ancient DNA extraction and sequencing methods, population genomic models, and bioinformatic tools to reconstruct the ancestral origins and genomic profile of some of the enslaved laborers who came to be buried in the chapel cemetery on Hagley...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Linda Pomper.

I am an art historian and I am involved in the Dresden Porcelain Project.  August the Strong (1630-1730) was Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, was the greatest collector of Chinese and Japanese porcelain of this time.  His collection of over 8500 pieces is now being catalogued and put on the web by a team of scholars.  Because the collection was inventoried twice, in 1721 and again later in the 18th century, it is extremely important.  I will show some examples of Kangxi (1662-1722) blue and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laurie E King. William Hoffman.

The objects recovered from USS Monitor are large, composite pieces that require complex conservation treatments. An innovative conservation technique currently implemented by the Batten Conservation Complex (BCC) is dry ice blasting.  Dry ice blasting involves the use of solid carbon dioxide pellets as an abrasive, and has the potential to be used  on a variety of materials for the removal of marine concretion and corrosion. The BCC has researched the use of dry ice blasting as a conservation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan E Davis.

Migrant-erected shrine sites encountered throughout the Sonoran Desert draw attention to the significance of religious place-making in transient spaces, of dwelling while crossing. As migrant material cultures continue to be degraded as "trash," shrine sites made by migrants are likely to become central to the memory of undocumented migration across the US/Mexico Border. Claiming these sites as "monuments" of undocumented migration, however, may threaten to sanitize what is a violent social...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Filipe Castro. Cecilia Smith. Rakesh Kumar.

In the early 1990s J. Richard Steffy suggested that the body of data on shipbuilding characteristics from archaeological reports was growing and that soon it would be possible to use computers to analyze large sets of data. This paper describes a joint project of the J. Richard Steffy Ship Reconstruction Laboratory (ShipLAB) and Texas A&M Libraries to develop a database of early modern and modern wooden shipwrecks, and both its analytical possibilities, and the necessity to standardize the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jose L Casaban. Roberto Junco.

Shortly after the conquest of Mexico, Cortes ordered the construction of a second shipyard on the Pacific coast, known as El Carbón. The new shipyard was located in Tehuantepec (Oaxaca) and shipwrights were brought to Mexico to build and repair the ships for the spice trade with the Moluccas Islands, and even China and Japan. The ships built in this shipyard included San Vicente, San Lázaro, and Santa Agueda which were employed in trade with Peru, and the exploration of the Pacific coast of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cecilia Aneer.

In 2017 a project centering on the textile finds from the warship Vasa was started. Its aim is to document, analyze, contextualize, interpret and publish the approximately 300 textile fragments from the personal belongings of the ship’s crew. The finds show a large variety both in state of preservation and in the materials and techniques represented.  The Vasa Textiles Project is set up as a collaboration between the Vasa museum and the unit for Textile studies at Uppsala university. The first...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer McCann. Victoria A Cacchione. Jared P Muehlbauer.

In African American communities, education serves as a crucial tool used to resist racism and ensure the persistence of their culture and identity. In 1826 the African-American community of New Guinea followed this tradition with the establishment of the first public school on Nantucket. For the next two decades, the African school became the focus of an intense battle over school segregation on the island. While Nantucket’s popular history places the island at the forefront of the abolition and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ivor R. Mollema.

In March 2017, we received a call from a local property owner and archaeologist suggesting that they may have located an old Anglo-Native American Trading Post in the eastern edges of Chocctawhatchee Bay in Florida. While this part of the bay had never before been surveyed, the proximity of previously identified sites and historical research suggested that this was a likely location for the maritime end of the Ekanachattee Trading Trail from Florida's British Period. During the following months,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donny Knowles.

The Bahamas has a long and storied history of strife and adventure on the high seas, likely longer and richer than anyone knows. Our history is being poached; stolen from the ocean floor and shipped off to auction overseas. These aren’t trophies; they are triumphs and graves, gone and forgotten. Entering nautical archaeology as an outsider has shown me what the average Bahamian can do to expel these thieves from the wealth of our waters, and take back what is ours so we can share it with our...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas Laluk.

In 2004 the White Mountain Apache Tribe approved the Cultural Heritage Resources Best Management Practices (Welch et al.). However, since the tribe’s adoption of the practices little has been done in reference to the application of such tenets/concepts found within the guidelines. Tribal programs, contractors, and researcher’s might adhere to the guidelines during project activities but only as "guidelines," when there is much more embedded in such tenets as respect and avoidance that can be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lorena Medina Martínez.

The transformation and the reuse of the urban landscape of the capital of Mexico Tenochtitlan, by the Spanish in the sixteen century is an event that continues to raise questions as well as provides new data through archaeological interventions around the area that in the past was occupied by the Aztec capital. In 2016, an ongoing archaeological investigation conducted by the Urban Archeology Program (PAU) of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) uncovered a series of walls,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mariana Piña.

This paper presents the analysis of English earthenware that has been recovered from two of the most important Mexican Pacific ports: Acapulco, in Guerrero, and San Blas, in Nayarit by the Underwater Archaeology Office of INAH Mexico. It also presents a proposal for the distribution and routes of this material in the Pacific Ocean, relating to the information obtained from this project as well as those of other colleagues. The context of this ceramic type in the Americas is intertwined with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Crystal A Dozier.

In 1528, Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca was shipwrecked of what is now Texas and recorded the very first European account of the diverse native peoples of the Southern Plains. I present the evidence from the concurrent archaeological phase, Toyah (1350-1600 CE), arguing that the archaeological record is not granular enough to identify ethnic designations such as Cabeza de Vaca witnessed. Rather, the archaeological record reflects likely social structures in which Cabeza de Vaca traveled—a fluid...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathaniel F Howe.

Rigging blocks are essential to the operation of a large sailing vessel, yet little has been published on these vital pieces of hardware. Recent research and analysis of the rigging and gun tackle blocks found in association with the Swedish royal warship, Vasa, lost in Stockholm Harbor in 1628,has made possible a detailed study of this specialized equipment, its typology, nomenclature, historical development, physical mechanics, and its application aboard 17th century square-rigged ships....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marc Lorenc.

Ethnographic approaches to archaeology have explored the way in which archaeological projects are themselves a fruitful site of study (Castenada and Matthews 2008; Hamilakis and Anagnostopoulos 2009). This paper will build on these approaches to explore how Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) archaeological projects open up a rich space for ethnographic inquiry. The paper develops a methodology that uses archaeology both as a craft and metaphor (Gonzalez-Ruibal 2013) in order to elicit...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Grace Tsai. Elizabeth Latham.

Microorganism have played a vital role in agriculture, medicine, and food production since ancient times. Societies would save, preserve, and inoculate foods and other products with microbes such as yogurt that is fermented with Lactobacillus. Although their existence and mode of action was not understood until the mid-19th century, societies and bacteria have lived symbiotically for millennia. The new field of ethnomicrobiology is defined as the study of the use of microbes, including bacteria,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert P. Connolly.

This paper discusses the evaluation criteria in the creation and implementation of cultural heritage educational programs over a four-year period in rural communities in the Ancash Region of Peru. Over the length of the projects, we made a decisive shift from an approach of creating products for a community to one where we worked with the community in program development.  We determined that a co-creative approach that prioritized the expressed needs of the community resulted in cultural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only A. Dudley Gardner.

The Evanston Chinatown was occupied from ca 1870 to 1922.  Evanston is located in extreme southwestern Wyoming, in a valley drained by the Bear River.  Excavations of this Chinatown have revealed a diversity of material cultural remains. Based on our findings n this paper we will present the diverse ways the Chinese immigrants adapted to living in Evanston. We will do this by examining the food ways of Chinese immigrants and looking at the macro and micro floral remains recovered from the site.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth D. Meade.

In New York, where developable land is scarce and the pace of development can be overwhelming, the social and cultural meanings of space and place can quickly change as properties change hands. Throughout New York’s history, many cemeteries and burial grounds have been redeveloped, often without the removal of graves. Human remains associated with historic cemeteries are present beneath the city’s parks and parking lots, and in the backyards and below the basements of buildings large and small....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristin Barry.

Following the rise of digital media in photography, the average historic site visitor has more ability than ever to influence the presented narrative of a particular place. While the "expert" interpretation is still a predominant method, the volume and availability of amateur or community user impressions provides a consistent program for engaging these viewpoints in the interpretation. Many archaeological sites have moved to somewhat control this narrative, providing Instagram accounts or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Swanson.

Technology has driven the innovative growth and progress in many different industries over time. From agriculture to space exploration, technology has been driven towards answering questions that need to be answered. Technology in Archaeology is no different than other fields, however its growth is contingent on other innovative use of theory and practice using new tools in fields that have the funding for innovation, and the need for expedited answers. Through examining how technology has...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melissa Timo.

The Exploring Joara Foundation, Inc. (EJF) was conceived as an outreach and fundraising non-profit arm of the Berry Site excavations. Very quickly, the board-led decision was made to expand and diversify outreach efforts. As EJF reaches its ten year anniversary, the organization is reassessing its current and future impact on the surrounding region. This paper will discuss the recent efforts to create archaeology content with measurable outcomes using education non-profit best practices to reach...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sherene Baugher.

In the 1990s, Cornell University students partnered with community members when service-learning courses were a fairly new concept for archaeological education. Native students participated in the excavation to locate a neutral Tutelo village that was destroyed in 1779 in a punitive military expedition by American forces.  The Cornell team also worked in partnership with local farmers, property owners, developers, and town officials in Ithaca, New York.  The site was open to the public and tours...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Maus. Brenda Altmeier. Charles D Beeker. Samuel I. Haskell. Kirsten Hawley.

Since the establishment of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) Historic Shipwreck Trail (HST), Indiana University (IU) and NOAA have partnered on periodic site assessments to support management and outreach concerning these cultural and associated biological resources. Over the years evolving technologies have brought new techniques from line-drawn site plans to Photoshop to the advent of Computer Vision Photogrammetry as a tool for comprehensive 3D recording. Accordingly, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deanna L Byrd.

The discovery of dry stone rock features in the northern hills on the Dutch island of St. Eustatius presented a unique opportunity to investigate an enslaved African environment during the time of enslavement. Abandoned after emancipation, the intact nature of the sites held potential to add significantly to our understanding of choices enslaved Africans made in slave village design, orientation, and the construction of their dwellings, as well as the labor activities of daily life. Research for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel H. Falzon. Stacey L. Camp. Allison Fashing. Darcy Wayman.

This poster documents infant and child mortality in northern Idaho during the late 19th and early 20th centuries using historic cemeteries as a starting point for data collection. This project involved locating and photographing the oldest headstones associated with children and infants interred in Idaho’s Moscow Cemetery. The sample was limited to children and infants under 11 years old who died prior to 1921. By examining Moscow Cemetery’s headstones, the project researchers were able to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maeve Herrick.

The first few decades of colonization in southern New England appear to have been markedly different from eighteenth-century colonialism in the region. Specifically, relationships and interactions between English settler-colonists and Indigenous peoples during this time seem to have been complex and characterized by reciprocity. Intersecting lines of evidence at the Hollister site support this, and indicate that complex relationships were fostered between the colonists occupying the site, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Chidester.

In 2012 the Detroit Housing Commission received funding from the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to demolish the long-neglected public housing development known as the Douglass Homes, a collection of townhouses and mid- and high-rise apartment buildings in mid-town Detroit. The Douglass Homes had been built on top of an earlier residential neighborhood on the edge of Paradise Valley, a once-flourishing center of African American commerce and social life in the city. Pursuant to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Westfield.

The Sorrel-Weed House in Savannah is one of only a handful of antebellum homes in the city's tourism industry to undergo archaeological studies. In spring 2017, excavations were conducted in the basement of the carriage house, where a depression in the floor was thought to be caused by the remains of a former enslaved woman. Completed in ca. 1841, the Sorrel-Weed House was built for merchant Francis Sorrel and is now the focus of a public interpretation program that involves infidelity,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Harald Stadler.

In Austria the Black Cross is responsible for the creation of military cemeteries and other war graves for members of all nations and religious faiths, the graves of bombing victims as well as victims of political and racial persecution during the Second World War, and the care and maintenance of war graves from the time before or during the First World War. This lecture examines the methodological approach adopted by the institution for the  exhumation of individual and mass graves between 1918...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ruth M Mitchell.

In 2013, archaeologists at Historic St. Mary’s City excavated a newly discovered building within the Governor's Field. The remnants of this colonial period structure survived below Anne Arundel Hall on the campus of St. Mary’s College of Maryland. The large 1950’s period classroom building had been demolished in preparation for new construction. Likely dating to the late 17th century, this structure underwent numerous repairs and analysis of the post holes will aid in the understanding of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Dale.

While the archaeology of the Chinese diaspora has grown and expanded to incorporate numerous realms of study, most work has continued to focus on ethnicity as the key marker of Chinese identity, culture, and artifacts. More recently, archaeologists have explored the intersectionality of gender and ethnicity and class and ethnicity at Chinese sites. Age, however, is underexplored throughout archaeology in general, and completely unaddressed in archaeological research into the Chinese diaspora....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diego Carabias. Renato Simonetti. Carla Morales.

Infatigable was a Chilean Navy sailing transport vessel, lost in the harbour of Valparaiso (32° S) in 1855 as a consequence of an accidental explosion and subsequent fire. Positively identified in 2005, the wrecksite designated site S3 PV has been archaeologically investigated comprehensively during the last decade. The underwater survey and excavations conducted recorded the structural remains of the hull and produced a numerous and varied artefact assemblage to be analyzed. The material...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tiffany C. Cain.

How does political violence impact civilian spaces and how can we rethink its consequences for everyday life? The Tihosuco Heritage Preservation and Community Development Project has used collaborative archaeology to grapple with the postconflict landscapes of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Our most recent work focuses specifically on an 18th-19th century town, called Tela, whose fortified houselots, roadblocks, and assemblages offer evidence of the early years (1847-1866) of the Caste War or Maya Social...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Khadene Harris. Jillian Galle.

In the British Caribbean, archaeologists have documented notable shifts in material culture after emancipation in 1834.  Similar diversity and richness in material culture have been observed but not quantified on nineteenth-century sites of slavery in the United States. We compare artifact assemblages from contemporary post-emancipation sites from Morne Patat (Dominica) and Seville (Jamaica) with pre-emancipation sites from The Hermitage.  We highlight differences in how formerly enslaved...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nedra K. Lee.

As Nantucket, Massachusetts became the center of a global whaling industry in the nineteenth century, the island’s Native American and Black populations formed the mixed-race community of New Guinea.  The Nantucket African Meeting House played a critical role in New Guinea’s adoption of a shared African identity as it became the center of the community’s social and political activities.  Using archaeological materials from the African Meeting House and the neighboring Seneca Boston-Florence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie N Soder.

During World War II in the Pacific, the Battle of Saipan became one of the pivotal successes of the United States military to turn the tide of war. Unfortunately, this success came at a cost to the residents of the island, and while the Japanese civilian experience has been largely studied, the indigenous experience has been bypassed. By exploring the development of the construction on the island and civilian holding camps by U.S. military and Saipan civilians, the impact sustained from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Proebsting. Howard Cyr.

Over the past seven years, archaeologists have examined three landscape elements that are central to the design of Jefferson’s Poplar Forest retreat. These include the rows of paper mulberries that flanked the house; the clumps of ornamental trees and oval-shaped flower beds located on the northern side of the structure; and the paved circular road that brought carriages to the steps of Jefferson’s octagonal retreat. This paper will discuss how soil studies have provided significant insight into...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Jameson.

Facilitated dialogue (FD) is a communication technique increasingly utilized by professional interpreters to connect and interact with audiences. It is a conversation between individuals in which a facilitator helps to overcome communication barriers regarding an issue of mutual concern. It is designed to join the experiences and expertise of participants to think through the conditions and opportunities necessary to impact the topic or issue discussed. FD is designed to foster an environment...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew D. McKinney.

       The immigrant population increased in the City of Detroit between 1840 and 1860 due to rapid industrialization. The Erie Canal and rail-road expansion made Detroit more accessible to the world and was the primary conduit for the influx. The timber and mining industry provided a wide range of employment opportunities. The Irish were the largest group of immigrants. Most of the Irish lived in the Corktown neighborhood. A tenement row-house in the Corktown neighborhood, the Workers Row House...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lucas Simonds.

The Winks Wreck, located a short distance offshore of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, represents a unique facet of the underwater cultural heritage of the Outer Banks. Consisting primarily of two side-lever steam engines — typical of early British rather than American-built steamships — the site is unlike most others found in the region. The identification of the site as the wreck of Mountaineer, built in Bristol in 1835, was first suggested by local diver and researcher Marc Corbett in 2012. Diver...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sebastian Salgado-Flores.

In 1984, excavations conducted prior to stabilization work on the adjoining structures of the Bastion at Mission Espada unearthed a substantial amount of animal bones that remained unanalyzed until 2017. This paper will share the findings of this analysis, and explore what the animal remains unearthed at Mission Espada can tell us about cultural and economic changes unfolding in the San Antonio river valley in the late Colonial Period.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Annie M. Greco.

A significant issue in archaeology today is the need to revisit interpretations of long-held collections. One such site is Feature 43, a 17th century domestic cellar that was once used as a refuse pit and later filled. Feature 43 provides a window into the activities and relationships of the Massachusetts Bay merchants of coastal Charlestown. Although Feature 43 was studied in the 1980's, the assemblage remained in storage for nearly thirty years, demanding a recontextualization of the site and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mariana Madera Soto.

This research concentrates on reconstructing the identity and roles of females living in the city of Arecibo, Puerto Rico in the early 20th century. Using data from the 1910’s Puerto Rico census as primary source, I intend to identify the jobs and professions reported for the arecibeñas (female from Arecibo) living in urban blocks close to the main city square. The documentation consulted also provides information on their age, marital status, and family role. The objective of this investigation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth J. Kellar.

  The Hermitage archaeology program fulfilled the dreams of many, from the children enrolled in the education program and the Earthwatch volunteers to the dozens of summer archaeology interns, many who now professional archaeologists working across the country.  The archaeological research program at The Hermitage was critical to understanding the social and working lives of enslaved individuals, their interaction with the Jacksons, and The Hermitage landscape. Yet, one of the true legacies of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Molly E Swords.

Welcome to the SHA’s fifth annual Ethics Bowl! Sponsored by the APTC Student Subcommittee and supported by the RPA and SHA Ethics Committee, this event is designed to challenge students in terrestrial and underwater archaeology with case studies relevant to ethical issues that they may encounter in their careers. Teams will be scored on clarity, depth, focus, and judgment in their responses. The bowl is intended to foster good-natured competition between students from different backgrounds and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David M Markus.

Jews in the 17th - 19th Centuries lived perpetual ‘others,’ their lives typified by displacement, often through forced exile or social and economic ostracization. These individuals exemplified life in the Diaspora, defining their experience in juxtaposition to the regions where they lived. They marked their identity as being members of a global Jewish community all the while assimilating to the societal norms of their temporary homelands. The archaeology of the Jewish communities in North...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stacy L Bumback.

The discovery of Culturally Modified Trees (CMTs) within an area slated for development necessitated a detailed analysis to confirm the age and association of these trees as part of the local planning process. Controversary surrounded the development and neighbors were quick to engage the local Native American communities with the goal of halting the development. At least six CMTs were identified; however, the type, size, and modification of the trees did not adhere to the typical traits of CMTs...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven D. Smith. Michael Scoggins.

In 2006 the authors embarked on a multiyear project to find, define, and interpret the July 12, 1780 Battle of Huck's Defeat, or Williamson's Plantation.  At the time, the battlefield was popularly understood to be a mile from its actual location.  Through historic document research, systematic metal detecting, the application of KOCOA, and other military analyses, the battlefield and battle episodes were located and defined. That, however, was not the end of the story.  Today, the battlefield...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mallory Haas.

During the summer of 2014 The SHIPS Project UK located a wreck within Plymouth Sound.  Further investigation during fieldwork in 2015 identified the wreck as the Royal Navy heavy frigate HMS Amethyst lost in 1811. Throughout the 2015 field season a number of artifacts were recovered including a large number of copper fixings and a quantity of copper hull sheathing.  Some of the copper fixings included printed dates and manufacturers marks.  Subsequent research into copper has connected us with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara S. Dietler.

Los Angeles’ first public cemetery (1850-1890) was excavated over a decade ago by archaeologists during construction for a new high school. With no remaining headstones, identification of remains solely through archaeological data was impossible. However, combined with genealogical research, the study resulted in the identification of two little girls remaining in the cemetery—Lulu and Annie Jenkins. Last year, a journal surfaced belonging to their uncle, Charles Jenkins, a civil war veteran,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Comer.

On 10 July 1780, Lieutenant General Comte de Rochambeau arrived in Narragansett Bay off Newport, Rhode Island, with 450 officers and 5,300 men to assist the British colonies in North America in their struggle to gain independence from the British Empire. In June of 1781, they marched south to Yorktown, Virginia. The cannon brought by Lieutenant General Rochambeau and the French fleet under the command of Admiral de Grasse were essential in what proved to be the decisive battle of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joan H. Geismar.

Washington Square Park in New York City’s historic Greenwich Village is a prime example of a burying ground that is now a beloved urban park. In 2005, renovations to this historical park in a Landmark district required archaeology. That the park was a former Potter’s Field, by definition, the final resting place of the indigent and unknown, was recognized by the New York City Parks Department and local history buffs. The question was, did burials from the cemetery years (1797 to 1825) remain?...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carrie A. Christman.

In 2015 and 2017, Commonwealth Heritage Group excavated the Fairichild Fish House, a mid- to late-nineteenth-century family homestead and fishery, within the boundaries of the large pre-contact site 47SB0173 in southeastern Wisconsin.  The site is located on the western shore of Lake Michigan and protected by a large dune. The Fairchild family was part of the first Euro-American settlers in area. They practiced pound net fishing, a historic and lucrative commercial fishing technique in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia M. Samford.

The world of enslaved African Americans included not only the solid ground beneath their feet and other physical landmarks, but also the sky above them, replete with planets and stars.  In a world without maps, compasses or, in many instances, the ability to read directions, the enslaved were dependent upon visual cues for making their way through the landscape.  Oral traditions and historical documents reveal that planets and constellations were important guides for finding one’s way,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynsey A. Bates.

Refining site chronologies on predominantly nineteenth century sites is a goal of many historical archaeologists. This paper analyzes transferprint colors and identified patterns recovered from Andrew Jackson’s The Hermitage plantation as one analytical solution. The dataset consists of thousands of sherds excavated from yard spaces and structures built when Jackson acquired the property in 1804, in an area known as the First Hermitage. Using the same approach outlined in the DAACS Hermitage...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandra V Slepushkina.

Catoctin Furnace is a historic forge first built in the late 18th century located in the Catoctin Mountains, in Thurmont, Maryland. The purpose of this research is to follow a paper trail in the form of deeds and surviving ledgers from the general store at Catoctin Furnace to determine which families or houses were participating in the domestic production of buttons, clothes, and shoes.Though this research will mostly focus on the Forgeman’s House due to the presence of archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catherine A Comstock.

The excavation of the Forgeman’s House, (Site 18FR1043), took place in 2016 in Thurmont, Maryland. Constructed in about 1821, this house has been interpreted as the dwelling of a laborer that worked at Catoctin Furnace. Artifacts that were uncovered included food wastes such as bones, seeds, nuts, corn cobs, and egg shells. Flotation samples taken from the site also yielded further evidence regarding food consumption. In addition to growing their own food, foraging, and trading, those that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah L Elliott.

This poster examines the faunal materials excavated from a 19th-20th century cistern at a Texas-Alsatian homestead located in Medina County, Texas. This research seeks to expand on the knowledge of Texan-Alsatian food practices in Castroville, Texas by studying butchering marks and other evidence of meat consumption on the faunal material discarded by the occupants of the house in the 20th century. As a site occupied by Alsatian immigrants and their descendants, who occupied a middle...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arlene Fradkin. Tamra Walter.

An 18th-century colonial settlement, Presidio San Sabá was the largest and, indeed, the most remote military frontier outpost within the Spanish Borderlands of Northern New Spain in Texas. Garrisoned with 100 Spanish soldiers who resided there with their civilian families, the presidio numbered nearly 400 people. Historical records reveal that this resident population lived under adverse conditions, suffering from malnutrition, disease, and chronic shortages of food and other supplies. Analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jodi Barnes.

Archaeological research uncovered the remains of an ell kitchen, a smokehouse, and a cellar at Hollywood Plantation in southeast Arkansas. These spaces provide intimate information about foodways or the shared ways that people thought about, procured, distributed, preserved, and consumed foods in the 19th and 20th century. In this paper, I will discuss the ways the archaeology of foodways is used as a tool for public engagement and a lens into the intersectionality of gender, race, class at a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean Lammie.

Located on the remote shores of Tampa Bay, Fort Brooke (1824-1888) represented a complex sphere of interaction among multiple social groups including United States soldiers, Seminoles, maroons, camp followers, and enslaved laborers. This paper explores the utility of third space and hybridity as a means of analyzing faunal remains and the material culture associated with food acquisition and consumption to better understand how identities were essentialized and contested within this space....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith Hardy. Elizabeth M Scott.

Archaeological investigations up and down the Mississippi River Valley have produced a wealth of information about the ways people in French and Spanish colonies identified, obtained, and consumed food. Evidence regarding the maintenance of tradition and the emergence of new practice is found in the remains of foods and the wares used to prepare and serve them. In this paper, we present these practices from sites along the expanse of the Mississippi River, highlighting their differences and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elise B Carroll.

Footwear has been considered a necessity throughout history and examples have been seen throughout archaeological sites. The North Carolina shipwreck 31CR314, Queen Anne’s Revenge, has yielded a few examples of different footwear components. This includes a few examples of shoe buckles and notably a leather fragment with four wooden pegs. The leather fragment has been recently recovered from a concretion and is presently believed to be associated with a shoe heel stack. Though the presence of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emma Verstraete.

Decades of archaeological investigation of the Lincoln Home Historic Site in Springfield, Illinois reveal a rich data set that provides a diverse look into the community.  Archival papers of one most successful pharmacies in the town provide detailed correspondence, purchase orders, and business information from approximately 1844-1860.  Examination of available products and consumer purchasing patterns provide insight into how pharmacies and communities kept pace with national and global trends...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lotte E Govaerts.

The Upper Missouri Basin was part of the territory acquired by the United States through the Louisiana Purchase at the beginning of the 19th century. The Missouri River was the main route of transportation into the northwestern part of this new territory. US companies established trade posts along the river where they exchanged manufactured goods from the eastern US and Europe for furs or skins with local populations. For several decades, this was a high-volume business. In order to learn about...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kevin Fogle.

The well-publicized liberation of Port Royal in late 1861 was a major concern for slaveholders who operated plantations along the coast or near potential military targets. In an attempt to keep their enslaved communities in bondage, many large planters abandoned their plantations and relocated their bondsmen to sparsely populated inland regions far from the probable path of Union forces. The refugeeing of enslaved laborers put entire communities in perilous circumstances tearing apart support...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Olivia L. Thomas.

The early eighteenth century saw many changes in the New World Spanish colonies. As Spain's new Bourbon monarch instituted many reforms in Iberia, trade regulations and colonial systems profoundly affected the colonists in the Americas. The seafaring community was a sort of bridge between these two worlds, and thus a place of cultural exchange. Items for trade, or those utilized by crewmembers and passengers, would have reflected various preferences in style, material, and form, that may...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Elizabeth Ibarrola.

We define Maroons by their overt resistance; theirs was one of the most extreme forms of anti-slavery resistance in the Americas and for many scholars is representative of the human desire to be free. Maroons removed themselves from the places in which they were enslaved and created new places apart from this brutal existence. However, reducing our understanding of Maroon life to a history of domination and resistance limits the scope of Maroon agency and values certain forms of action, such as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jenifer C. Elam. RPA.

Tomkins Cove, a scenic, mountain-side community an hour’s drive north of New York City, was the setting of the House of the Good Shepherd orphanage (1865–1893) established and directed by Reverend Ebenezer Gay Jr. under the supervision of the Episcopal Diocese of New York. The orphanage and the later Fresh Air institutions (1894–1973) that occupied the same property on the west bank of the Hudson River relied on small monetary and other donations from the public to carry out their activities....

DOCUMENT Citation Only April M. Beisaw.

Since the occupation of Alcatraz by the Indians of All Tribes (1969-1971), Native American and First Nation protests have been well-documented through a variety of media. Unfortunately, many Americans and Canadians lack the background necessary to understand the messages being conveyed. For example, after the National Park Service began including the Alcatraz occupation in their site interpretation, I witnessed visitors discussing how inappropriate it was to celebrate a prison riot. More...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica E Edwards. Erin N Crawford.

From 2009 to 2014, archaeologists at Historic St Mary’s City performed excavations around and beneath the 1950’s academic building known as Anne Arundel Hall at St Mary’s College of Maryland in preparation for the building’s demolition and replacement. During the survey, a variety of features and artifacts were uncovered, including a large collection of white clay pipe fragments, a number of which are decorated or marked. Our analysis of the white clay pipe fragments found at the Anne Arundel...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul M Graves-Brown. Hilary Orange.

On 10th January 2016, many people flocked to Brixton, London to leave tributes in front of a mural depicting Aladdin Sane, a character developed by the musician David Bowie, who had died that day. The same acts of pilgrimage were seen in April 2016 when ‘Prince’ Rogers Nelson died at his private estate in Minnesota; fans laid flowers and tied purple balloons to perimeter fencing. Such practices of public grieving can tell us a good deal about attitudes to death, commemoration and celebrity. In...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jannie N Scott.

The mobility patterns of rural black southerners who relocated to southern cities during the early 1900s is an often-overlooked topic in discussions of early twentieth century rural to urban migration. Using geographic information systems (GIS) software to map and analyze census records, city directories, and other historical documents, this paper presents a micro-level case study of the migration and settlement patterns of former residents from Antioch Colony, Texas between the years of 1900...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexander Baer.

Recent work in the district of Kaupō, Maui, has demonstrated the presence of a highly intensified dryland agricultural system interspersed with extensive residential sites and bounded by a range of ceremonial structures that include some of the largest temples in the Hawaiian Islands. In this talk, I discuss the ritual sites of Kaupō and how their Pre-Contact placement on the landscape (before the first arrival of Europeans) demonstrates a unique expression of elite power. While the initial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jamie Arjona.

During the 19th and early 20th centuries, African American musicians harnessed the acoustic capacities of stoneware jugs in musical groups that came to be known as "jug bands". These bands played tunes on variety of household objects turned instruments, blending African musical styles with experimental rhythms. In many cases, jugs were the centerpiece of these musical ensembles. Jug players produced tuba-like intonations by blowing and vocalizing into their instruments at different angles...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kendy Altizer.

A comparative analysis of three plantations along the Santee River, including The Marsh at its delta, Peachtree near mid-river, and Waterhorn in the back river, will be conducted to serve as a case study for understanding how domestic architecture, as well as designed rice culture landscapes, developed within the unique context of the Santee River system. Analyzing architectural and landscape details of these plantations, including the placement of outbuildings and housing for the enslaved in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julia King. Rebecca Webster.

This paper explores how indigenous groups in the lower Potomac River valley used beads of shell, glass, copper, stone, and clay to both respond to and shape an ever-changing colonial landscape. The distributions of beads recovered from five sites occupied between 1500 and 1710 reveal variations and trends linked to site function, status, ethnicity, displacement, and dislocation. In particular, the distribution of bead color, an important attribute for communicating Native states of being,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ayondela McDole.

This project is an autoethnographic examination into the Highbourne Cay Plantation turned luxury resort set within the Commonwealth of The Bahamas. Using Pan-African theory with a Marxist lens, McDole sets out to outline the ways in which economic, social and political patterns on the cay have their roots in slavery discourse through its tourism labor. McDole explains how the social constructs of slave labor has a social impact on the island's economy and theorizes that while formal enslavement...