Society for Historical Archaeology 2017

DOCUMENT Citation Only Denise Jaffke. John W. Foster.

The Steamer Tahoe is the most celebrated vessel of Lake Tahoe’s historic past and represents the golden age of recreation and transportation in the region. She was launched with great fanfare on June 24, 1896 and spent the next 40 years in service around the lake. The S. S. Tahoe was scuttled off Glenbrook, Nevada in 1940 where she settled at a depth between 350-470 feet. A multidisciplinary team, including an online community, explored the wreck in June 2016 using an OpenROV drone to record...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlin Zant.

The preservation and management of submerged cultural resources (SCRs), such as shipwrecks, is a difficult task that has been compounded in the Great Lakes region by the introduction of invasive species. Traditionally, cultural resource managers have had difficulty systematically monitoring and managing SCRs with limited time and funds. Structure from Motion (SfM) technology has proven to be a viable way to study long-term change in shipwreck sites, and as a way of systematically quantifying...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chandler E Fitzsimons.

Fort Davis, a frontier fort in far west Texas tasked with protecting the Overland Trail to California and fighting Comanche, closed in 1891, leaving behind the ethnically and financially diverse town that had grown up around it. This community struggled to redefine itself economically in the years following the fort’s closure, only to find a new lease on life in the first decades of the 20th century as a tourist destination. In this paper, I examine manifestations of intersectional identity in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy A Borgens.

On the beach near the Mexican border, the ghostly remains of a shipwreck known as Boca Chica No. 2 periodically emerge after major storm events. This 72-ft. wooden vessel first came to the attention of the Texas Historical Commission in 1999 and has been monitored by the agency since that time. Local folklore has long associated this shipwreck with the Mexican warship Bravo (Montezuma), incidentally the most famous wreck in the area, but archeological evidence from the hull itself suggests...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan S. Hechler. William S. Pratt.

Early Spanish colonial accounts of northern highland Ecuador were exceptionally verbose about Inka imperial frontier architectural feats, however these same writings are silent on regional ethnic groups’ pre-Inka monumental earthen platform mound creations, known as tolas. This is in exceptional contrast to the detail provided in then-contemporary Spanish accounts of similar earthen structures in the U.S. Southeastern Woodlands. Tolas could tower over the regional landscape up to 20 m tall and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathrina J. Aben.

In the late 19th century, American territorial expansion policies in the Pacific created a foothold into Asia through Philippines. Consequently, territorialization of Philippines stimulated waves of immigration into the U.S. that formed Filipino communities.  This paper examines the intersection of space, politics, and identity through the formation of early 20th century Filipino community sites in Annapolis, Maryland.  Through Archaeology in Annapolis (AiA), a cultural investigation of Filipino...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Agha. Jon Marcoux.

As part of its etymological "baggage," the term "frontier" evokes thoughts of action and excitement, conquering the unknown, and transforming the untamed and uncivilized into the managed and controlled. In North American colonial contexts this perspective privileges the experiences of European, colonizers at the interpretive expense of the multitude of other social actors (e.g., enslaved Africans, women, Native Americans) whose practices equally constituted the colonial project. In our paper, we...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chafim Belson Braga.

This paper reviews the findings of recent archeological and archival work undertaken in two slave taking areas, potentially related to the origin of the slaves carried from Mozambique in 1794 on the ventually shipwrecked slaving vessel, São José.  Resulting from the triangulation of archival sources and previously conducted archeological surveys, we present the results of preliminary field studies of two "arringas" (fortified camps in the Mozambican interior associated with the slave trade) -...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hunter W Whitehead.

Underwater aviation resources in the Gulf of Mexico near Pensacola, Florida are numerous due to a longstanding presence of the U.S. Navy’s first Naval Air Station. Throughout the years, training aircraft were lost at sea during periods of both conflict and of peace. The F8F Bearcat, a carrier-based fighter aircraft, was introduced too late to participate in World War II, but was used at NAS Pensacola as a carrier qualification trainer. This paper presents steps taken to utilize and test...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dawid M. Grupa. Tomasz Dudzinski.

In the course of archaeological explorations conducted within churches and chuch yards, the researchers meet the most often skeletal burials. Their better or worse conditions depend on the environment of the burial location. In case of crypt burials, mummies of the deceased aren't frequently excavated, which fact is conditioned by special factors enabling corpses’ natural mummifying process. This very situation was observed in Szczuczyn church listed above. In winter 2013, inventory and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith Hardy.

The National Park Service, as a partner in the Slave Wrecks Project, has begun a community archeology program at the site of the slave residences at the Danish West India and Guinea Company, St. Croix, in anticipation of the 100thanniversary of the transfer of the Virgin Islands to the United States. This program is part of multi-year effort combining underwater and terrestrial archeology with public engagement activities including educational and training programs, museum exhibits, professional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren A Walkling.

Negotiation and agency are crucial topics of discussion in areas of colonial and cultural entanglement in relation to indigenous groups. Studies of negotiation often explore not only the changes, or lack thereof, in material culture use and expression in response to colonial intrusion and cultural entanglement, but how landscape use and material culture are related to negotiation and resistance techniques used in response to cultural contact or colonial intrusion.  In these contexts, landscape...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Valerie M. J. Hall.

Investigations of household-level interactions with local ecosystems at two seventeenth-century sites, both located on the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center campus, explore human occupants’ interactions with the local environment.  English immigrants to late 17th-century Maryland impacted the landscape through traditional agricultural practices including the keeping of livestock herds.  Analysis of faunal assemblages from the Shaw’s Folly and Sparrow’s Rest sites, examined at the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Casey J Hanson.

Béxar’s location on the frontier coupled with stifling colonial economic policies prompted Tejanos to look to the east for economic opportunities and initiated an active contraband market during the colonial period that became a robust import economy during the Mexican period.   While many have focused on the implications of the relationships created through these frontier markets, there has been less of an effort to examine the goods that formed the basis of this trade and the roles that the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth A McCague.

As an often overlooked artifact class, horse hardware has the potential to answer a variety of research questions on the functionality of plantation work spaces. Ongoing archaeological research at James Madison’s Montpelier has examined the dynamics of a late 18th to mid-19th century working plantation in central Virginia. Through the survey and excavations of several areas that made up Madison’s plantation, various horse hardware has been recovered in several labor contexts and styles. As part...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John D. Broadwater.

More than two thousand ships have been lost in Virginia waters since the first European explorers ventured here. In addition, countless prehistoric sites and historic piers, wharves and other structures now lie underwater. Yet, except for a few significant exceptions, little emphasis has been placed on locating and studying Virginia’s submerged sites. In a partnership with the Virginia Historic Resources Department, the Archeological Society of Virginia recently formed a Maritime Heritage...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Jenks.

The rural community of Los Ojitos in Guadalupe County, New Mexico was settled in the late 1860s by the first generation of Hispanic homesteaders. Many of these founding families came from Spanish- and Mexican-era land grant communities where grantees shared the rights to common lands and the responsibility to build and maintain irrigation ditches and other public structures. In claiming homesteads in New Mexico’s Middle Pecos Valley, these families were forced to adapt some of their traditional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Terri Renaud. Thomas W. Killion. Kat E Slocum.

During the War of 1812, numerous battles unfolded along the Detroit River between Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair. The fortified settlement of Detroit was a central focus of British and American military activity. Many other locations in the Detroit theater of this conflict were important as well, including the European farmlands and old Native village locations along the river above and below Detroit. This poster focuses on the Springwells neighborhood of southeast Detroit and its role in shaping...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emma Dwyer.

The 1920s and 1930s saw the renewal of large parts of Britain’s housing stock. In Birmingham, England, new housing projects were constructed in the suburbs, each home having three bedrooms, bathroom, indoor lavatory, garden, and local amenities – a contrast to the back-to-back housing in the centre of Birmingham that new suburban homes sought to replace. The back-to-backs were seen as crowded and insanitary, children sharing bedrooms with adults and non-family lodgers. The form and fabric of new...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ashley Lemke. John M O'Shea.

  Archaeology underwater has experienced a global renaissance both in terms of the rate of new discoveries and the number of scholars involved in the research.  This is particularly the case for the archaeology of submerged prehistoric sites, which has moved from a novelty to a major arena for understanding some of the most critical events in human history.  While investigations of shipwrecks and submerged sites share some common methods and technologies – they differ greatly in the kinds of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nedra K. Lee.

Archaeological studies of race and consumption have linked black consumer behavior to the negotiation of social and economic exclusion.  While these studies have highlighted blacks’ efforts to define themselves after slavery, they have overlooked black women and how they used consumer goods to aspire towards gendered notions of racial uplift and respectability.  This paper examines the Ransom and Sarah Williams Farmstead, a historic freedman’s site in Travis County, Texas, to describe the nature...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Ellens.

In the second half of the 19th-century, Montserrat citrus limes were world famous, appearing regularly in British advertisements and utilized in the global perfume and beverage markets. But the ways in which this industry impacted the lives of Montserrat’s formerly enslaved laborers has yet to be clearly understood. Preliminary research for a landscape survey of Montserrat, utilizing a comparative approach with Dominica, is presented. As in the case of Montserrat, lime agriculture on Dominica...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire K Maass.

In 2009, Peru apologized to its citizens of African descent for the discrimination enacted against them since the colonial period. Since this address, the government has instituted a series of initiatives to evaluate the state of the Afro-descendent population today. A key outcome of these efforts has been the expansion of Afro-Peruvian studies, an inter-disciplinary research program that aims to produce knowledge about Afro-Peruvian culture from a historical perspective. However, much of this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rochelle R. Lurie.

Built at the height of the Progressive Era on over 300 acres of land southwest of Chicago, the Oak Forest Institution or Poor Farm was to be an example for the rest of the nation. Buildings designed by the architectural firm of Holabard and Roche provided light, space and services for the poor, elderly and sick that reflected the era’s emphasis on fresh air, wholesome food, medical treatment  (especially for tuberculosis) and relief from the vices and overcrowding of city living. Richly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carrie H. Cecil.

Although desalination systems saw widespread use in maritime settings throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, mechanical improvements in the mid-1800s increased the utility of this technology for military purposes – specifically, the occupation and defense of otherwise uninhabitable lands. This paper examines the implementation and impacts of desalination technologies in one such location. Situated halfway between Hawaii and the Philippines, Wake Atoll is devoid of any natural source of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael R. Dolski.

This presentation describes DPAA’s Strategic Partnerships program, which is a novel effort within DoD to leverage the resources and expertise of external sources. Partnership categories broadly include public-private partnerships (P3s), grants, cooperative agreements, voluntary arrangements, and even contracts. The intent is to expand or improve DPAA’s ability to account for the missing by selectively outsourcing some components of the overall workload. In addition, DPAA pursues initiatives that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark M Ludlow.

The finding and excavation of a late eighteenth-century to mid-nineteenth century rural free black community cartographically known as Smoke Town or Leeds Town, on the Shenandoah River, Warren County, Virginia, populated by some of the 452 slaves manumitted (511 ultimately), by Robert Carter III by his Deed of Gift of 1791. Robert Carter III was an affluent grandson of Robert ‘King’ Carter. That Deed of Gift was the largest single manumission of slaves in America until the American Civil War –...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dean L Anderson.

In September of 1679, LaSalle’s vessel the Griffon went missing with a cargo of furs after setting sail from Green Bay in western Lake Michigan.  The wreck of the Griffon is perhaps the most sought-after shipwreck in the Great Lakes.  Many claims of discovery have been made over the years.  A recent claim has received a great deal of media attention, but archaeological evidence does not support the contention that the wreck has been found.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas A Crist. Douglas B. Mooney. Kimberly A Morrell.

Bioarchaeology often provides a pathway back to public recognition for forgotten historical figures.  This presentation provides an osteobiography of Reverend Stephen H. Gloucester, a once nationally prominent and now virtually forgotten African-American abolitionist, educator, and community leader.  Born enslaved in Tennessee, by the 1830s Gloucester was a vocal participant in the American Anti-Slavery Society, a founder of the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, and one of the primary...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ross W. Jamieson.

The Pacific Ocean has been an imposing barrier to human travel since the first humans ventured into the region.  It has also been an important route of travel joining vastly different peoples that surround and inhabit it.  The Pacific takes up half the surface of the planet, and yet historical archaeologists have rarely taken the time to treat it as a single entity.  The "Atlantic World," "the Black Atlantic," "Atlantic Worlds" are our stock in trade.  But does the Pacific World exist?  If so,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebecca Graff.

Forest Home Cemetery is the final resting place for a large cross-section of Chicago’s population. Not far from its entrance lies the cemetery’s most visited section: the burials of seven of the eight men tried and convicted for their involvement in the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing. Dominated by a monument to the Haymarket "martyrs" and an adjoining "Radical Row"—internments of over 60 labor activists and anarchists including Emma Goldman—the site is held in trust by the Illinois Labor History...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Furlong Minkoff. Teresa Teixeira.

Unlike other presidential house museums, Montpelier did not inherit a large collection of objects with clear Madison provenance. However, archaeology has been instrumental to reconstructing Montpelier’s story and is one of the only ways for us to know what objects were in the homes of the Madisons and their enslaved laborers. The Montpelier Foundation is currently in a rather unique position: not only are artifacts being unearthed daily, we also have the budget to actively seek out and acquire...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn L Sikes.

What assumptions underlie archaeologists’ interpretive strategies for the public dissemination of research results? Could we be more effective at descendant collaboration and public outreach by applying best practices drawn from related disciplines such as museum studies, oral history, and historic preservation? Perhaps it is time to rethink our choices of media, language, web platform, content, and target audience in response to descendant requests and public commentary.  This paper presents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elisabeth A. Rareshide.

The Mission Period in Alta California (AD 1769-1834) radically changed the lives of indigenous people such as the Tongva. Many Tongva people joined the Spanish missions, but some practiced rituals connected to the Chinigchinich religion on San Clemente Island. Patterns of consumption of native and foreign material culture may reveal new layers of meaning in persistent ritual practices. With a variety of ritual features, the Lemon Tank artifact collection from San Clemente Island provides a rich...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joe D McMahan.

A 2012 archaeological survey by the Alaska Office of History and Archaeology, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Sitka Historical Society identified a site believed to be the 1813 camp of survivors from the wreck of the Russian-American Company ship NEVA.  Support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation allowed for background research and marine remote sensing.  In 2015 and 2016, with support from the National Science Foundation (Award...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Relaki.

Current debate in public archaeology has repositioned archaeologists as members of the community, rather than specialists distinct from the public. Although this moves away from privileging archaeological perspectives of the past towards a more dialogical engagement with communities, in practice the motivations and agendas of specialists and public with respect to the archaeological resource are not easily reconciled. An archaeological ethnography example from Crete explores the tensions between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Burant. Nicholas W. Richards.

The Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (MCPFC) is located in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin. This historic cemetery was in use from 1878 to 1974 and interred Milwaukee County’s indigent. The individuals represented consist mostly of poor European immigrants, subsequent generations, institutionalized residents, and the unclaimed deceased. Included in the array material culture recovered during 1991-1992 and 2013 archaeological excavations are newspaper fragments. These primary documents survive in varying...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margo S. Stringfield.

Nowhere else in our society are we as cognizant of the cultural landscape of our communities as in our historic cemeteries. Burying grounds are not merely components of a community’s physical landscape, but they also reflect the community over time. Markers and monuments are often the only structures that survive as physical testaments to individuals. Florida’s cemeteries are the repositories of last statements and speak to both the individual and collective cultural makeup of the communities...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melissa R. Price.

Beginning in the 1950s, Florida witnessed a fascinating and tumultuous series of events concerning the salvage of historic shipwrecks. Before the Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987, many historic shipwrecks in Florida were actively salvaged with little regard for their archaeological value. Currently, Aruba is experiencing similar salvage activity coupled with a lack of comprehensive legislation that protects terrestrial and submerged archaeological sites. This paper draws parallels between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth C. Clay.

French Guiana presents a unique context in which to explore Caribbean plantation slavery due to several factors: it’s non-island geography, the distinct experiences of enslavement within French Caribbean colonies, and the unusual colonial agricultural economy. While sugar was sustainable for a short period in the early 19th century, plantations producing a variety of agricultural commodities were much more typical. In 2016, three nineteenth century plantation slave villages were the subject of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bonnie J. Clark.

Working at Amache, the site of a WWII era Japanese American incarceration camp, involves several facets of an "archeology of care." First, over five field seasons the University of Denver Amache Project has revealed significant physical evidence of how these displaced people took care of themselves, their families, and their neighbors.  Both artifacts and landscape modification speak to many caretaking strategies.  Second, the project creates space for the care of stakeholders through opening up...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Selina Ali. Julian Hainsworth. John Carroll. Richard Morgan.

This paper presents a pilot study that takes two archaeological sites, one on land and one underwater, and presents how these sites stand today, and how they might have looked in the past. We do this by building the sites in a virtual environment within a game engine to create an interactive educational resource. This project takes archaeological data and processes it into consumable content aimed at the general public, without sacrificing on the intellectual integrity of the site. We will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kendy Altizer.

Peachtree Plantation is a 481 acre parcel of land situated on the South Santee River in St. James Santee Parish, South Carolina approximately 45 miles north of Charleston. The property contains remnants of colonial rice culture and the ruin of a piano-noble style, Georgian Palladian, two-story house. Peachtree, owned by the Lynch Family who were prominent Lowcountry rice planters and politicians, was cultivated as early as 1738; however, the main house was built between 1760 and 1762. In 1840,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ben L. Ford.

 PASST, the Pennsylvania Archaeological Shipwreck and Survey Team, was founded in 2013 as a collaboration between the Erie Regional Science Consortium, Pennsylvania Sea Grant, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and local constituents. The organization focuses on the submerged cultural heritage of the Pennsylvania portion of Lake Erie through education, outreach, and site documentation to inform divers and the general public of the importance...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margaret A Comer.

Moscow was heavily affected by Stalinist terror, since many targeted groups were concentrated there. It was also, however, a concentrated center of perpetration, since the designers of the purges and multi-faceted ‘apparatus of terror’ were based there. Today, the buildings formerly occupied by the NKVD still stand in central Moscow. Within a five-minute walk in any direction, one can find, among other sites, a garage where thousands of Muscovites were shot, the FSB’s current headquarters, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amber Laubach. Katherine Seeber. Jesse Pagels. Siobhan Hart. Nina Versaggi.

We report on research at the Queen Esther’s Town Preserve, an Archaeological Conservancy property in Athens, Pennsylvania. Located at the confluence of the Chemung and Susquehanna Rivers, this land was home to a Delaware community led by Esther Montour during the American Revolution. The town was destroyed in September 1778 as part of the American campaign against British-allied Native villages and has since become a place anchor for the dominant narratives of Native disappearance common in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Raymond L Hayes.

An 1857 nautical chart of Great Harbor at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, details sailing instructions for ships entering this natural deepwater anchorage.  From 1859-1889 ships carrying seabird guano sailed into Great Harbor to unload at the Pacific Guano Company plant.  We have conducted a maritime archaeological reconnaissance survey of the anchorage, including the guano wharves. Submerged artifacts collected by local divers and remote sensing of the anchorage site show that seafaring trade in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kirsten M. Hawley. Matthew Maus. Charles D Beeker. Samuel I. Haskell.

This paper presents results of a diver-based photogrammetric survey and preliminary interpretation of a 16th-century shipwreck near Punta Cana, Dominican Republic. The applied photogrammetric methodology highlights the potential of this emerging technology to rapidly assess submerged cultural resources despite constraints limiting survey time, as during this study nearly all visible components of the site were recorded on a single dive. Although the sample of recovered artifacts is incomplete...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kotaro Yamafune. Christopher Dostal.

The biggest technological improvement to archaeological documentation techniques in recent years has been the implementation of various 3D digitization technologies, such as Computer Vision Photogrammetry and 3D laser scanning. Laser scanning produces the most accurate geometrical data available today, but it lacks the ability to accurately capture textures and diagnostic coloration information. Photogrammetric data produces highly accurate photographic textures, but the geometric data tends to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebecca Allen. Scott Baxter. Dominique Rissolo. Dominique Meyer. Eric Lo.

Recent construction activities have triggered archaeological planning and research, showing the importance of area excavation for understanding land use between and among structures associated with Mission San Luis Obispo. Historical archaeology exposed Mission-related water conveyance features and lands used for Native American living, agricultural, and food-processing areas during the Mission period. ESA teamed with the Cultural Heritage Engineering Initiative at UCSD to capture aerial and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jesse Pagels.

Often associated with the documentary record and prized for their historical relevance, photographs can be an invaluable instrument found within any historical archaeologist's toolkit. They help to illuminate and corroborate the material cultural remains we find within the archaeological record as they present to us their dramas through images frozen in time. It is in this phenomenon of storytelling that this paper puts much of its focus as it explores the use of historical photographs as an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only j. Eric Deetz.

By the end of the nineteenth century Plymouth Massachusetts had become a typical New England Town with an active industrial base and a vibrant waterfront.  With the decline of the textile industry Plymouth re branded itself by highlighting its unique history. This was achieved not only by highlighting the Pilgrim story but also by the removal of many aspects of its 19th century landscape. This paper addresses the changes made in the mid-twentieth century through neighborhood redevelopment.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allyson G. Ropp.

Colonial North Carolina, 1663-1730, was a poor colony in the British Empire. The landscape provided opportunities for pirates to establish operational bases. Besides Edward ‘Blackbeard’ Teach, numerous others roamed the colony. This study explores colonial North Carolina use as a pirate haven, analyzing historical and archaeological data sets within the broader context of a maritime cultural landscape. Maps showing known pirate bases are overlaid with colonial settlements to determine geographic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Victor.

            Frontiers are creative, at times chaotic, places of the collusion and collision of ideas; as people encounter one another, as well as the geological and ecological forces of the physical environment, they forge spaces of meeting, interaction, dynamism, and change. These features are inherent to frontiers regardless of time period or geographic region. Having wrapped up the final year of excavations at the mining town of Highland City, Montana (1866-1890), I have compared the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Annemari Tranberg.

Garden culture reached the northernmost Sweden, creating new spaces by locals and newcomers from Central-Europe. The history of status gardens in the north affiliate with the spread of ironworks and trade connections. The idea of formal gardening arrived in Tornio during the late 17th century as garden drawings from Tornio and Kengisbruk ironworks imply. The garden fashion, which studied using macrofossils and maps, was visible more in structures and plans than in plants. However, gardens and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria A Cacchione. Nadia Waski. Laura Medeiros.

While searching for remnants of 17th-Century Plymouth, Massachusetts, a collection of organic materials and Victorian-era artifacts of personal adornment—all associated with a female—were uncovered in during excavations associated with Project 400 carried out by the Fiske Center for Archaeological Research at the University of Massachusetts Boston. This unexpected cache provides a rare glimpse into the town of Plymouth’s rich history. This memory capsule filled with domestic items including a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tuuli S. Koponen. Timo Ylimaunu. Paul R. Mullins.

We will discuss the role of landscape photography in a conflict situation. The Finnish Information Company photographers took numerous pictures in East Karelia, present-day northwest Russia during WWII. East Karelia had been the focus of Finnish romantic nationalism long before World War II – it was the supposed birthplace of the Finnish tribe, a place of pure and primal Finnish culture. During the Continuation War Finnish troops occupied parts of East Karelia and the Information Company...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lee F Reissig.

This study examines organizations performing CRM archaeology in the state of Texas and the federal laws that dictate their projects (e.g. Section 106 and its implementing regulations at 36 CFR 800.2 [c]). Specifically this research focuses on the legal requirements to "consult the public" or implement a "public outreach" program. However, who constitutes the public and what constitutes outreach and consultation is not specified in the regulations. Consequently, the standards do not necessarily...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Harding Polk. II.

Brothers James Hilliard Polk and Lucius Junius Polk banded together to form the Polk Brothers Livestock stockyards of Fort Worth.  Established in 1885 they were the first stockyard in Fort Worth.  They were located south of the present Fort Worth Union stockyards and situated conveniently at the intersection of two rail lines.  One notable contract they received was to supply the British Army with horses and mules during the Boer Wars in South Africa at the turn of the twentieth century.  Around...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ricardo C Silva. Tânia M Casimiro. Sarah Newstead.

For many years, archaeologists believed that the type of jar known as an 'olive jar' was exclusively made in Southern Spain. The possibility that Portuguese kilns also produced these jars was not considered, despite these botijas, being frequent references in Portuguese documents, particularly in reference to ships' cargos. Until recently only a few olive jar sherds had been recovered in Portugal and, although we suspected a possible production due to the similarities between some olive jar...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Todd H. Ahlman.

The post emancipation period in the British Caribbean (post-1834) represented a drastic change for the formerly enslaved Africans on St. Kitts’ sugar plantations as they faced new challenges in their freedom.  This paper presents ceramic and housing data from two structures occupied from the late seventeenth century until the 1850s. Focusing on the period 1800 to 1850, ceramic types and frequencies indicate changes in the acquisition of European ceramics from the era of slavery to the post...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Polk.

The construction of the first Transcontinental Railroad in the world, from Omaha, Nebraska, to Sacramento, California, was one fraught with difficulties, involving tens of thousands of workers. When it was completed in May 1869, the Central Pacific Railroad (CPRR) portion of the line, between Ogden, Utah and Sacramento, California, retained many ethnic Chinese workers for operations and maintenance work. Housing for workers during construction was not consistent, however after construction the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stefan F. Woehlke.

Race, class, and gender have intersected throughout our nation's history. These systems of power shape the strategies and tactics available to people positioned differentially throughout society. This paper will use evidence from archaeological and landscape analyses in order to identify the ways in which these systems of power influenced the 19th century practices that produced the 20th century landscape of Orange County, Virginia. 

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael C. Murray. Fraser Sturt. Graeme Earl. Justin Dix.

Advances in multi-beam sonar have produced high density (and in the case of photogrammetry) textured, photo-realistic results of various underwater archaeological sites by rapidly capturing information in areas that are difficult or otherwise inaccessible to diving. In recent years, these technologies have been accompanied by underwater scanning, a method, which offers a step change in resolution, and consequently, significant interpretative potential. However, each method has inherently...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Hoag. Ware Petznick.

For three summers, the Shaker Historical Society has been sponsoring a community-based archaeology experience primarily geared for elementary and middle-school aged children. Excavations at two local historical sites have helped to teach these students about their local history, and the importance of archaeology and preservation in their own communities. In this paper we highlight the work we have done, and the outcomes for our students and the larger preservation work it generated in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Owen L O'Leary.

Examination of eight WWII bombardment aircraft loss incidents previously resolved by the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) has allowed for the creation of a model that predicts where human remains can be expected to be recovered from within a crash scene based upon each crew member’s duty station. This paper details where each individual was found in relation to the aircraft wreckage at the crash sites, including those criteria for a case to be included in the model and how hypotheses...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Miguel Angel Fhon Bazan.

Archaeological research at the Casa Bodega y Quadra, located in the historic city-center of Lima, Peru, has recovered of a large number of colonial and republican-era artifacts, including pottery sherds of a variety of types and origins. A percentage of these ceramics correspond to British earthenwares. This material evidence reflects the intense and sustained trade between England and Peru that developed at the close of the 18th century and the 19th century. This study examines the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Borrelli.

Throughout history, ocean-going watercraft have been the primary vehicle for global trade, colonization and exploration. Constant wear on ship’s hulls over time, coupled with damage from marine fouling organisms prompted sailors and shipwrights to develop a diverse range of methods and materials to protect their vessels from harm. Nautical sheathing refers to the exterior covering of a ship’s hull with a thin layer of metal or wood to protect the vessel from marine life fouling, and to stabilize...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victor T Mastone. Leland Crawford.

From June to September 2014, the remains of a previous unknown shipwreck emerged from the sands of Coffins Beach. Named for the Coffin family and not a funerary item, it is a north facing barrier beach, Gloucester, Massachusetts.  Initial field investigation revealed a much older vessel.  Detailed documentary research identified up to 80 shipwrecks occurring in the vicinity since 1635; two thirds occurring prior to 1860, chiefly described as shallops, sloops, and early schooners.  The extant...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Crystal L. Ptacek. Donald Gaylord.

This paper analyzes and compares ceramic diversity and small domestic artifacts from two domestic sites located at Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello plantation. During the first quarter of the nineteenth century, one site was the home of white overseer Edmund Bacon while the other was the location of at least one quarter for enslaved African Americans. Analysis of artifacts recovered from plowzone enhances our understanding of how one of Monticello’s white overseers’ personal items differed from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Isabel Cartajena. Diego Carabias. Patricio López. Renato Simonetti. Carla Morales.

This paper discusses the zooarchaeological evidence of S3-4 PV, an extensive submerged wharf site located contiguous to the remains of the Fiscal Mole of the Port of Valparaiso, in the central coast of Chile (32°S). This concrete and iron pile-supported facility was a major port infrastructure preferentially employed by the line steamers arriving regularly at Valparaiso during the period c.1884-1925. Through underwater archaeology excavations, numerous domestic animal bones were recovered and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allison J.M. McGovern.

This paper discusses community outreach and archaeological investigations at the Pyrrhus Concer Homelot in Southampton, New York. Pyrrhus Concer was born to an enslaved mother during the Gradual Emancipation Era in New York State, and he is locally remembered as a freed slave, a whaleman, a philanthropist, and a respected community member. Despite local awareness and memorialization of Concer’s homelot, his home became the locus of a heated battle between local preservationists, planning board...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nadia Waski. Victoria A Cacchione.

Excavated from Cole’s Hill in downtown Plymouth, Massachusetts, a cache comprising of a collection of 19th century personal adornment artifacts, daguerreotypes, ambrotypes, and organic materials, potentially provides an alternative view of mourning and memorialization practices in Victorian-era New England. The associated artifacts possess characteristics indicative of Victorian mourning symbols and material types. However, no other current examples of this mourning practice exist in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Waters Johnson.

While the discovery of an 18th century ship on the site captivated the media and public….just a few feet away we quietly worked to excavate another exciting find…a public privy. The large privy, one of four uncovered at the site, was located fifteen feet from the 1755 Carlyle warehouse, and is thought to be associated with this first public warehouse in Alexandria. Thousands of seeds, ceramics, glass, shoes and other unique finds provide a window into the lives of these early residents that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Martha M Mihich.

During the 19th century, passenger freight propeller vessels were used to transport goods and people to the newly opened Great Lakes region. This migration was fueled and supported by many factors, which have all been well discussed, yet the impacts of these factors on the vessels themselves have not received as much attention. While improvements in technology and steel surely affected how these vessels were built, canals, insurance requirements, and consumer needs would have also impacted these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kimberly A Morrell. Thomas A Crist. Douglas B. Mooney.

Philadelphia’s Blockley Almshouse served as one of the primary centers of medical education in nineteenth-century America.  Operating between 1835 and 1905, "Old Blockley" was served by some of the era’s most prominent physicians, including the "father of modern medicine" Sir William Osler, and Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman to earn a medical degree in the United States.  Excavation of one of the almshouse’s two cemeteries in 2001 revealed over 400 graves and thousands of anatomical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John C Aldridge.

Buttons and other forms of clothing fasteners are routinely found on 19th and early 20th century domestic sites.  Typically these objects are analyzed and presented in summary tables by material type, occasionally by form, rarely by size and implied function.  While signifiers of clothing – buttons, hooks-and-eyes and utilitarian studs are viewed in isolation and the clothing from which they are derived are not envisioned or interpreted.  A proposed new methodology is to treat button assemblages...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Evan D Welker.

The farm owned by Dr. Samuel Coleman represents a typical homestead within the Virginia community of Appomattox. The site is also an integral part to the conclusion of the Civil War. In conjunction with the National Park Service and the University of South Carolina archaeological research will be performed to develop interpretations of each component of the site. A primary effort of this work is to learn about the life of Hannah Reynolds, an enslaved person at this home. Traditional excavations...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas A Crist. Michael D. Washburn. John H. Johnsen. Kathleen L. Wheeler.

Enver H. Hoxha was the communist leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985.  At first an avowed Stalinist, Hoxha later adopted an extreme Marxist-Leninist perspective that emphasized isolationism, atheism, and a strict socialist order.  Hoxha’s rule was also marked by executions of political opponents and religious leaders, human rights abuses, and widespread poverty.  One symbol of his paranoia was the construction in the late 1970s of a 100-room, underground anti-nuclear bunker. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christine L Halling. Ryan M Seidemann.

Louisiana has long been known for its participation in various African and Caribbean rituals and Voodoo practices. However, over three centuries of Louisiana’s history, public perception has changed a myriad of times, reflecting the cultural changes at large of the United States. Currently, the practice of Voodoo and other religions have made a popular resurgence, particularly in the digital age. Members of all religions can find common interest groups and obtain materials needed for rituals and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathan G.W. Allison.

Early modern British Atlantic world colonial port cities of North America were filled with a diverse cast of individuals and groups. Public space in port cities provided an area for the masses to interact and participate in a variety of activities. This poster will look at public space in Charleston, South Carolina during the long eighteenth-century. As part of a larger project, this analysis will look at taverns and markets, providing a window into the diverse groups and activities that were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Glickman.

Managing the expectations of the public and the timeline in which many expect archaeology to happen is a challenge for every public archaeological organization. When you add the underwater component and restrictions related to maritime law, public perception and plausible reality often conflict. The raising of the CSS Pee Dee Canons serves as an example of mitigating multiple agencies as well as making underwater archaeology visible. This crossover also highlights many of the problems with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only B. Lynn Harris.

Shipwrecks on  African beaches serve as archaeological field training sites, history classrooms for school children, tourist hiking, horse riding or driving trails, as fashion show props and as outdoor studios for film productions. Public uses of beach shipwrecks, often more accessible than underwater sites, has potential to enhance appreciation and management of global maritime heritage. This paper presents case studies in South Africa, Namibia and the Transkei. Examples include Kakapo (1900)...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Filipe Castro. Nicholas C. Budsberg.

The recent growth in volume and complexity of the illicit antiquities trade is documented, and links have been established between it and criminal activities, such as money laundering, extortion, drug and arms trading, terrorism, insurgency, and slavery. In 2011 Neil Brodie argued that "academic expertise is indispensable for the efficient functioning of the [illicit antiquities] trade," but the authors argue that a full ban on the study of unprovenanced artifacts is unacceptable from a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John C. Bright. Stephanie Gandulla.

During the summer of 2017, archaeologists from Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary led a series of partnerships to test technologically based methodologies for exploring and rapidly assessing submerged cultural resources. First, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) mapped shallow water areas and image extant archaeological materials. Next, in a sequential series of field campaigns, researchers conducted a wide-area survey to located and document historic vessel remains. The first campaign utilized...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cheryl Frankum.

This portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) research addresses questions concerning economic status and procurement strategies through the study of redware ceramics. The use of pXRF is a high-tech, newly emerging analytical technique for archaeologists that provides quantitative data concerning the chemical composition of ceramics. The ceramics were produced by local or regional manufacturers, and this research is a comparative compositional study with collections from several archaeological sites...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul E Fontenoy.

Long before the discovery of Queen Anne’s Revenge, Blackbeard and his flagship loomed large in popular literature and art; large enough even to prompt production of two Hollywood movies about him. Twenty years of excavation and conservation have only increased the lure of these topics. Hundreds of contributions by scholars and more popular writers have enriched the literature with books, articles, and presentations. Artists and illustrators have found subjects in the man, the ship, and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deirdre A Forde.

In 2004, an archaeological investigation and recording began of the barracks at Church Crookham in Hampshire prior to its demolition. Although these simple 1930s structures were of limited intrinsic architectural significance, as a collection of structures the site was of considerable historical and social interest. Hastily constructed before the outbreak of World War II, its function changed over time. Notably, between 1970 and 2000, the barracks housed Gurkha regiments, military units of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katrina C. L. Eichner.

This paper defines frontiers as queer locals that shape the relationships and practices of individuals within them.  Frontiers are liminal spaces where normative ideals are actively challenged and thrown into flux by competing ways of knowing, both new and old. Inhabitants of these heterogeneous communities simultaneous assert, contest, and reassert their positionality and personhoods daily through a series of meetings between and within cultural groups.  As a result a third space of fluidity...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa A Iadanza. Mary Ann Owoc.

This project determined, using a Queer Theory approach, to what extent burial pattern, grave marker, and accompanying text and images reflected and reproduced presumed dominant heteronormative ideologies. Grave marker styles and text have highlighted the constant change in familial ideologies from the colonial period to the present. Burial and marker attributes from over 4,000 adults in cemeteries in Erie County, PA between 1880-2015 were recorded and examined. The results indicate that the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer McNiven.

This thesis asks how anomalies are to be approached within the larger paradigm of African-American archaeology through analysis of the Arcadia Mill Industrial Complex. The author compares historical and archaeological data from two possible slave components for functional similarities and differences. This is then considered alongside evidence from both plantation and non-traditional slave sites to determine what the most appropriate basis for material and theoretical comparison is. The author...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul R. Mullins. Timo Ylimaunu.

Few dimensions of the color line were monitored as closely as access to American rivers, beaches, and swimming pools, which became strictly segregated in the early 20th century. This paper examines the heritage of color line inequalities in Indianapolis, Indiana's waters, where beaches were segregated, African Americans were restricted to a single city pool, and waterways in African-American neighborhoods still accommodate sewer overflows. Despite that history, a new wave of urbanites is now...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lori Lee.

This paper uses historical and archaeological evidence to consider which consumer goods were available to enslaved men and women in nineteenth century Virginia. At the scale of local markets and stores, supply and variable adherence to laws constrained which goods were available to slaves who were able to purchase and trade for them. By comparing purchases of enslaved African Americans with purchases of whites at the same store, I assess which goods were accessible to each group. I use...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah Hoover.

Academia regularly relies on documentary evidence to interpret the relatively rapid culture changes that occur after contact, often ignoring the more long-term patterns and processes of the indigenous response. Geoarchaeological survey allows for an in-depth study of the changes in cultural deposits diachronically, recreating a narrative that is reflective of a wide range of human experience. This paper examines the ideological shift in the Spanish strategy for colonizing La Florida by utilizing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chelsea M. Cohen.

When an earthquake struck in 1692, the shoreline of Port Royal, Jamaica, was interminably altered as the town fell to the sea. Using integrated GIS and 3D modeling, this project aims to reconstruct the pre-earthquake shoreline of Port Royal in elevated space. Historical maps and archival data are georeferenced to align the old shore with remaining features, allowing for an outline of the former area. From there, bathymetric data as well as archaeological excavations are used to extrude...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Hoag. Hanson Paul.

Like many Rust Belt, Midwest cities, Cleveland has seen a large demographic shift over the last century in its urban neighborhoods. In many cases, the same street or city block has been shaped by the unique sociocultural practices and material arrangements specific to a range of different racial and ethnic groups. In this paper we focus on the 20th century history of two different downtown neighborhoods, Hough and Cedar-Central. We examine how the representations of urban space specific to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Oliver.

This study explores the diet of the enslaved communities at James Madison’s Montpelier by analyzing two faunal assemblages from the property. The three enslaved communities provide a look at the social structures and power dynamics of enslaved communities through diet. The presence of different species, both wild and domestic, shows the access available to different communities. this paper explores those relationships by comparing three enslaved communities through five different assemblages at...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tyler Ball.

The aim of this study is to explore how cannon distribution on shipwreck sites can be analyzed to reflect the wrecking event of the ship, crew procedure or emergency action in jettisoning heavy artifacts during a time of disaster, post wrecking salvage operations and in situ changes on the site due to environmental factors like marine growth patterns and fluvial processes. The datasets will include unpublished archaeological information gathered during the 2015 and 2016 East Carolina University...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Reeves. Elizabeth Chew.

Records for females in 18th-century society are often scarce. Such is the case for our investigations into President James Madison’s Grandmother Frances Madison. Widowed in 1732, she ran the Montpelier plantation for the first thirty years of its existence. Using a combination of archaeological evidence, a scattering of court records, and information on her oldest son (James Madison, Sr.), we build a case for her intersection with paternalistic society and the mark she left on the destiny of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Boyd.

The Levi Jordan plantation house in Brazoria County, Texas, is a two-story, antebellum house made of cut lumber on a pier-and-beam foundation. It is currently a state historical park run by the Texas Historical Commission. The house underwent a full structural restoration between 2010 and 2012. It was raised above ground on steel beams and cribs to allow for repairs to the fireplace and wall foundations. Prewitt and Associates, Inc. archeologists investigated the original brick chimney bases and...