Society for Historical Archaeology 2013

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kate Chapman. Harold Mytum.

Actor-Network approaches allow connections between people and people, and people and things, to be explored in new ways. This is illustrated through a historiographical case study. Gerhard Bersu avoided Nazi persecution by being invited to excavate in the UK, only to be then interned on the Isle of Man in 1940, where he continued to excavate. We explore his social and intellectual networks at that time, together with his relationships with archaeological deposits, field records, and artefacts....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carol Poplin.

In 1720, Scotsman Alexander Nisbett boarded a ship bound for Charles Town. Three thousand miles away, captive Africans were forced onto ships bound for a place unknown to them. The lives of Europeans and Africans converged in South Carolina. At a place called Dean Hall, Alexander Nisbett and his enslaved laborers built a plantation to grow rice. Two hundred and eighty years later archaeologists came to the site of the old plantation to unearth the history of the people who created Dean Hall. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carol Poplin.

From 1730 until 1865 Charleston, South Carolina was home to some of the richest people in the New World. Their fortunes were created from rice, indigo, and cotton grown with the labour of enslaved Africans who made up over 50 percent of the Lowcountry population. Planters showcased their wealth in elegant plantations and townhouses filled with European fashions and furniture. Today this historical landscape is represented at the region’s popular plantation and house museums. As reflections of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Galke.

The examination of personal accessories recovered from George Washington’s boyhood home (1738-1774) reveals the family’s efforts to portray their respectability and gentry class identity despite the economic and social anxieties they experienced after the death of their family patriarch.  Dedicated analysis of small finds artifacts demonstrate the family’s commitment to genteel behavior and display.  Clothing accessories such as powdered wigs and sleeve buttons proclaimed their class, and, on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rikke Søndergaard Kristensen.

The Danish Asiatic Company was founded in Copenhagen in 1732. Direct trade with China was now possible and Copenhageners gained easier access to exotic goods. The Copenhageners could now see themselves as part of a globalized network of metropoles.  In their daily life, Copenhageners were able to express familiarity with other cultures and thus express a new kind of knowledge and status. How broadly did this fascination with exotic cultures extend within the population? New investigations...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kaitlin Scharra. Krysta Ryzewski. Kate E Korth. Samantha Malette. Mark Jazayeri. C. Lorin Brace.

Over the past year, members of the Unearthing Detroit project at Wayne State University have created digital and public initiatives to increase project outreach.  We presented Detroit archaeology to local schools, invited the public to a special outreach day during our local field school excavation, and provided opportunities to volunteer in the museum and lab.  Our concurrent digital outreach materials include a webpage, a weekly blog, and an interactive social media platform.  The integration...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Trigg. Kyle W. Edwards.

Reshaping the settlement landscape is a significant aspect of the colonial encounter in that it provided the ecological context for social interactions. In the American Southwest, the Spaniards’ introduction of Eurasian plants and animals as well as new land use practices had a profound effect on the physical and cultural environment. We use palynological data from a 500-year period that illustrates both the impact of indigenous Pueblo peoples’ engagement with the pre-colonial landscape as well...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meagan K Conway. Ian Kuijt. Casey McNeill. Katherine E Shakour.

Immigration from Ireland in the early 20th century contributed to the decline of island population, leaving fragmented fishing villages, yet simultaneously created vibrant new Irish communities in the United States.  By tracking inhabitants of Inishark and Inishbofin, two small islands off the coast of Galway, to the eastern United States, this paper explores the movement of individuals, families, and communities through the 19 and 20th centuries.  This paper investigates the reconstruction of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark D Groover.

Farming was a prevalent way of life in North America between the 1600s and 1900s. Consequently, archaeologists conducting cultural resource management studies routinely encounter a large number of farm sites during fieldwork. Sometimes viewed as a redundant and insignificant archaeological site type, farmsteads offer a plethora of research opportunities, limited only by the questions that archaeologists address with these resources. Compelling social topics can be explored through farmstead...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amelie Allard.

At Reaume’s Trading Post - a late 18th-century fur trade winter camp located in Central Minnesota – the acquisition of food and the trade for pelts left a varied assemblage of faunal remains on the site. The results from the faunal analysis suggest a deep entanglement of ways and peoples in a context where members of fur trade society shared, contested and interacted around a common need: food. What kinds of meat products were consumed or sought after by the traders, voyageurs, trappers and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Clutterbuck.

My PhD research, funded by the Irish Research Council for the Humanities and Social Sciences, investigates of how Irish rural landscapes developed from 1650 to 1850, looking in particular at four case studies, in counties Clare, Tipperary, Meath and Derry. I explore how later historic rural landscapes reflect the massive social changes of the 17th to 18th centuries, and how archaeologists can contribute to understanding these changes. This paper will examine how rural landscapes inform our...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marie Louise Sorensen. Chris Evans. Richard Newman.

The paper will outline recent National Geographic sponsored fieldwork on Cape Verde. The aim of the work was to find and characterise the ’lost’ settlement of Alcatrazes. Textual sources show that Alcatrazes was the centre of the northern captaincy, but it failed and disappears from the records around 1516. Today, it isn't known where exactly the settlement was or why it failed. The aims of the fieldwork are to determine its location and investigating possible reasons for its demise. This, in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jade W Luiz.

Since the 1980’s the use of micromorphology in archaeology has grown and developed into an important tool for the analysis and interpretation of archaeological sites. Despite the increase in the use of micromorphology across the various sub-disciplines of archaeology, historical archaeologists have only just begun adopting these methods in their analyses. Micromorphology, the microanalysis of sediments and soils, can lend important information to the formation of, and activity within, historical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only AGUSTIN AZKARATE. SERGIO ESCRIBANO-RUIZ. IBAN SANCHEZ-PINTO. VERÓNICA BENEDET.

Our case study represents a different example, although symptomatic, of the colonization process promoted by the Crown of Castile from the 16th century. Even as an unofficial project, due to the individual agency of Sebastian Cabot, the fort reflects the colonization process of Latin America in a very clear way, as it shares the main aspirations of the colonialism, and also its principal problems. The archaeological works developed in recent years, besides bringing light to the genesis of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian Oxley.

Natural processes and human activity impact on our heritage.  Focussing on those areas and types of heritage that are least understood, most threatened, most significant and/or most valued by communities, English Heritage’s National Heritage Protection Plan provides a framework to further the protection, management and presentation of England’s historic environment.   Formal processes of foresight, threat analysis and risk assessment are considered to be fundamental to delivering the Plan...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Horlings.

Vessels engaged in the Atlantic trade with West Africa contended with rough seas and dangerous shorelines that offered few natural harbors. To combat this, ships generally anchored offshore in deeper water and used small vessels for trade and communication with trading establishments on shore. While the underwater seascape was a determining factor in navigation, the surface landscape was both fashioned by, and played dramatic roles in, the development of trade and navigation.  The intersection...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Sébastien Guibert. Christian Stouvenot. Frédéric Leroy.

A broad point of view is applied in order to present this first approach on the formation processes of submerged  and coastal archaeological sites in Guadeloupe. Evidence from historical analysis to archaeological observation help to explain formation processes associated with coastal and submerged archaeological sites. This paper presents a typological approach linked with the site location: underwater, coastal and micro island sites. The formation processes of shipwreck sites incorporate...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mechelle Kerns Galway.

Due to President Thomas Jefferson’s call for seacoast defense, known as the "Second System," the capital city of Annapolis, Maryland saw the construction of two forts during the period of 1808 to 1810.  By the War of 1812, Annapolis had Fort Madison, a traditional star-shaped fortification and Fort Severn, a round gun battery to protect the Chesapeake Bay Severn River approach, Annapolis Roads, and the city.  This paper outlines the history of both forts, the research findings on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julie Rogers Saccente. Nancy Marie White.

Spanish inroads into North America targeted the land that is now Florida, with sixteenth-century explorations and seventeenth-century missions. Between the major settlements of St. Marks/San Luis (today, Tallahassee) and Pensacola, the little-known Fort San José was an outpost and rest-stop along the northeastern coast of the Gulf of Mexico, briefly occupied in 1701 and from 1719-21. Newly available data and materials collections from this fort document its position as a way-station between the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Salvatore Garfi.

Spain colonised Western Sahara in 1884. Any Spanish sense of place in the territory was limited until the French ‘pacified’ the region in 1934, and the colony was girdled by French and Spanish forts. Spain ceded the colony to Morocco and Mauritania in 1975, and Spain’s disarticulated outposts were replaced by a matrix of earth and stone defensive walls (berms), constructed by the new colonizing power, Morocco, in its bid to secure the territory from nationalist Polisario fighters. Viewing these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Philip Levy.

Sometime in the 1870s, a small set of subterranean stones became an object of importance and pilgrimage. Promoters, travel writers, and visitors claimed that the stones were the original foundations of George Washington’s boyhood home near Fredericksburg Virginia. The site was already well known as the site of Parson Weems’s famous Cherry Tree parable, but as the landscape recovered from the Civil War, residents look for other ways to have a less troubled American past. Washington provided the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Barker.

The production process represents the beginning of the life of material things. In this paper I shall argue that the archaeology of pottery production sites is more than ‘industrial archaeology’ in the traditional sense of the term, but rather the archaeology of industrial production in the widest sense. The evidence derived from ceramic waste recovered from production site excavations informs an understanding of the life cycles of those products which progressed beyond the factory gate to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eve J. Campbell.

In the opening section of his Gaelic language text The history of Ireland (1632), the Munster cleric Geoffrey Keating took English writers to task for their misrepresentations of Ireland. Keating was particularly aggrieved by their conflation of the habits and material culture of the Irish nobility and the ‘inferior people’. His explicitly class conscious rebuttal of outsiders’ accounts of Ireland forms part of a broader discourse among the native Irish literati concerned with social hierarchy...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jimena Lobo Guerrero Arenas.

In Bogotá, the capital city of Colombia, the results of archaeoological work and documentary sources, especially those relating to cadastral history, place the so called "House of the Typographer" as an example of the heterogeneity of dissimilar economic conditions of each historical time and of each individual families. By examining in detail these results it is possible to find changes in the conception of what might be seen as a desirable lifestyle as it is reproduced in close...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brent Fortenberry.

The town of St. George's served as Bermuda's colonial capital from 1612 to 1815. Over nearly three hundred years, the town flourished as Bermuda transitioned from a restrictive agriculture economy under the Somers Island Company to a powerful maritime economy under the Crown during the Free Holding period. In this paper I explore the changing urban landscape of St. George's from 1684 to 1730 as the town underwent a dramatic rebuilding when the Somers Island Company was dissolved and the town...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ulrich Müller.

Networks are fashionable in contemporary archaeology, but what causes this fascination with network theory in medieval and post-medieval archaeology? This paper will briefly explain the state of current historical archaeology research in Germany, with a focus on how network theories can be profitably used. In particular, the connections between "Zentralorttheorie" and network theory will discussed. Networks detect interactions, and central places can be described as "density...

DOCUMENT Citation Only michael lucas.

Ninian Beall was captured at the Battle of Dunbar in 1650 along with many of his countrymen and sent to Maryland as an indentured servant.  Beall’s arrival marks an important milestone in the settlement of the Chesapeake region.  Beall sponsored the transport of many Scottish immigrants who settled along the banks of the Potomac and Patuxent Rivers.  Some of these individuals became powerful local politicians, slave owners, and active participants in trade with Native Americans living in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ani Chenier.

Along with large-scale trade and migration, 19th and early 20th century globalization was marked by the circulation, transformation, and global integration of social imaginaries, and the resulting development of structures that would ultimately channel and constrict further movements. The expansion of Chinese diaspora communities across the Pacific and into the Americas was one of the major population movements of this period. The networks that made it possible for individuals to participate in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Fennelly.

Utilising methods drawn from history, archaeology and codicology, this paper will consider the changes and challenges brought about by standardisation of administrative paperwork in public asylums in the nineteenth century. This is drawn from current PhD research based on asylum planning, management and administration in the British Isles.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebecca Gordon.

Cats, dogs, pigs and other animals lived in close proximity to people in post-medieval cities and were probably viewed in terms of their respective functions. For example, cats were kept to deter rodents and exploited for their fur, dogs were protectors of the home and pigs were not only food, but helped to reduce the amount of rubbish where they were kept. However, perceptions and treatment of urban animals were far from static. The emergent animal welfare movement and legislation heralded a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rhiana D. Casias. Jennifer K. McWilliams.

Peaceable Kingdom (PK) is a 250-acre property situated within the Brazos River drainage basin in Washington County, Texas. Initially part of land owned by one of Stephen F. Austin’s original 300 colonists, the property has experienced a unique and colorful history including an African-American freedom colony and a 1970's school for self-sufficient living. In the summer of 2012 the Texas Tech Archaeological Field School launched a full-scale pedestrian survey of PK in order to inventory all...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bernard Means.

Virtual curation of artifacts—the creation of intangible digital models from tangible artifacts—has clear benefits to opening up America’s historic past.  Researchers and the general public anywhere in the world can access, manipulate, and share three-dimensional digital models that might otherwise be locked away behind display glass.  This enhanced access will contribute to a broader reflexive archaeology and further archaeology as a tool for social engagement.  This presentation will focus on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alessia Amato.

This poster displays a structural analysis of the islamic-medieval vessel called qarib, a local wooden construction, from the Garb al Andalus, beetween the 8th and 13th centuries. This is part of a Doctoral Project for the Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal, with the interdisciplinary scope of underlining the analytical usefulness of wooden assemblages and the physical limitations of the materal itself.  Unfortunately, no medieval wrecks have yet been found in this part of the Portuguese...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abby J. Naunheimer.

Three frontier-era East Tennessee homesteads were chosen to conduct ceramic analyses as a beginning point of understanding consumer access. Ramsey House, Bell Site, and Exchange Place were each occupied beginning in the late 18th century and continued into the first quarter of the 19th century.  The results of examining household ceramics, newspaper advertisements, and day book transactions suggest frontier-era East Tennessee residents were unfairly portrayed as disconnected, non-consumers. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin Hannon. Brock Wiederick.

Archaeological site FjPi-63 is located in Edmonton, Alberta, on the North Saskatchewan River. Studies have been undertaken at the site since the late 1970’s, including historic resource impact assessments, archaeological excavations and construction monitoring. These studies have revealed evidence of both fur-trading establishments at the site as well as a First Nations component at least 6000 years old. Excavations undertaken by AMEC in 2012 and 2013 revealed portions of structural remains from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Bamidele Odunbaku.

To paraphrase, Akin Ogundiran has posed the question: How did the political contestations between the Oyo imperial power and the frontier communities affect the everyday life of the later, especially the villages and towns located in the frontier zones? An historical archaeological approach that melds oral traditions and ethnography with material culture is being utilized by a number of scholars, working independently at different sites in the Yoruba region (Nigeria), to find answers to this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melissa Timo.

The African American Gainer Historical Cemetery is located along the border of Washington and Bay Counties in Florida’s panhandle.  An African American community has utilized this liminal space since the arrival of settlers in 1825.  The cemetery contains evidence of the persistent use of old African-style customs, such as the utilization of traditional funerary material culture. Conflict and migration in the 19th and 20th centuries physically distanced the freedmen and their descendants from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jon Adams.

Galleons for a Transatlantic World The late 16th and early 17th centuries was a period in which English shipping saw the emergence of what might be termed a second generation of carvel construction in which the ‘galleon’ was developed from the carrack derivatives and galleases of Henry VIII’s time. Nowhere are these more beautifully portrayed than in Matthew Baker’s Fragments of Ancient English Shipwrightry preserved in the Pepys Library, Magdalene College, Cambridge. But astonishingly the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer M. Trunzo.

Some historians and archaeologists argue that women were influencing their husbands’ spending habits by the middle 18th century. Using the archaeological remains from a farming community in southeastern Connecticut, this paper attempts to read gender into the archaeological record to elucidate household shopping patterns before, during, and after the Revolutionary War.  Were rural women’s consumer preferences influenced by emerging 18th century ideas regarding gentility? Would this genteel...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth K. Spott.

The 1827 Greek Revival house of John B. Richardville (aka Jean Baptiste de Richardville), Civil Chief of the Miami tribe (1816-1841), is the oldest extant Native American treaty house in the Midwest. Richardville lived in the grand house until his death, while his wife Natoequa reportedly lived in a nearby wikiup. Richardville’s daughter, LaBlonde, lived in the house after his death. The spatial distribution of material culture recovered from excavations in 1992 and 1995 is considered within the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Suzanne Spencer-Wood.

Historic domestic architecture interacted with gender in two ways: it expressed and shaped gender roles, practices, identities and ideologies; and the architect’s gender affected house designs. Architecture, including house design and construction, were traditionally men’s occupations. Men’s house designs affected women’s lives in many ways as houses developed from a few multi-purpose rooms in early English colonies to more task and gender specific rooms in Georgian and later house designs....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott S Williams. Curt D Peterson. Mitch W Marken.

Geoarchaeological and historical research indicate the wreck of a Manila galleon in northwest Oregon (USA) occurred prior to the last Cascadia earthquake tsunami and coastal subsidence at A.D. 1700, which redistributed and buried wreck artifacts on the Nehalem Bay spit. research has focused on site formation processes associated with the tsunami impacts. Wreck debris was initially scattered along the spit ocean beaches, then washed over the spit by nearfield tsunami (6–8 m elevation), and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah C Desmarais.

The Boston-Higginbotham House, located on the island of Nantucket, Massachusetts, was constructed by Seneca Boston, an African-American former slave, and his native Wampanoag wife Thankful Micah in the 18th century.  The couple's descendants continued to own and inhabit the home for more than a century until it passed to the Boston Museum of African American History.  Archaeological excavations conducted by the University of Massachusetts Boston at the home in 2008 shed light on the ways...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ashley M Morton.

In the last 15 years, an increasing number of scholarly articles and cultural resource technical reports have recognized douching paraphernalia in archaeological contexts. While these analyses contribute to a greater understanding of this behavior douching among women in the past for contraceptive purposes from brothel contexts has been heavily emphasized. Between the mid 19th and 20th centuries vaginal douching gained  popularity as a general increase in health and sanitation reforms were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christine Broughton Anderson.

Information technologies such as remote sensing and geographic information systems have and are changing the way we view archaeological sites.  Historical archaeologists and more specifically those who work in remote, rural, and/or areas of continued agricultural production are finding some of these technologies invaluable.  However, I still believe that a good old walking survey armed with a paper map and compass (and GPS and digital camera) is, for me, the best way to get a handle on what or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin E. Uehlein.

Colonialism has long been a focus of research within the field of Historical Archaeology. Recently, archaeological understanding of colonialism has become more complex and realistic as researchers have included issues centering on consumerism, the articulations of colonialist processes with capitalism, and colonialism’s role in globalization processes. However, much Historical Archaeological scholarship has implicitly or explicitly recognized colonialism as an arterial process within the larger...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steve Dasovich.

Louis Blanchette was driven from his home by the British during the French and Indian War.  He settled in Spanish territory (now the state of Missouri) where the predominant languages were French along with multiple Indian languages.  He married an Indian woman, bought British goods, and, as Civil Commandant, reported to a Spanish Lieutenant Governor.  Through historical research and archaeological investigation of his homestead site in St. Charles, Missouri, we can show the public how...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul R. Mullins. Timo Ylimaunu.

North American historical archaeology has long focused on poverty and consumer marginalization, but models of impoverishment and inequality constructed to address a distinct range of US contexts are not always useful in international contexts.  A wave of recent archaeological scholarship has focused on the materiality of poverty, and an examination of impoverishment is productively complicated by international research comparisons.  This paper examines case studies from African America, British...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Silverstein.

Smuttynose Island, Maine is a well preserved fishing site that documents approximately 200 years of occupation divided into two distinct fishing periods with different political structures.  The first, independently operated (1640-1720) and the second, under single ownership (1760-1830). This project focuses on examining the glass related to the fishing site. By creating a timeline of when specific glass manufacturing techniques were utilized, I am able to group glass by fishing period. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heidi A Shaw.

The gold rush brought many things to California, including statehood, wealth, and prominence, but most noticeabley it brought people.  Before the gold rush, California only boasted a population of 162,000 people, but by the end there were more than 380,000 people, the majority being immigrants from different states and countries.  The majority of the literature concerning the demographic flux of the gold rush is focused on the area known as the Mother Lode, where gold was initially discovered....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Wijamunige Chandraratne.

The Maritime Archaeology Unit of Sri Lanka first discovered this wooden wreck in 2008. The site is resting at a depth of 35 meters, close to the ancient Godawaya port in Southern Sri Lanka. Field research has been conducted to investigate and record the site.  According to the recent analysis of this wooden wreck, it dates back to the 1st century AD, and it is considered as the oldest underwater archaeological site in the Asia-Pacific region. It is a unique shipwreck with no known parallels, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rowan E May.

During the 2000s, Sheffield saw a sharp increase in developer-funded excavation of 18th- and 19th-century archaeological sites. This was due to extensive re-development of the city centre and a growing recognition of the importance of industrial-period remains to Sheffield’s heritage and identity. Remains of working-class housing built in association with a rapid rise in the population from the mid-18th century formed a significant proportion of the excavated sites. This paper will consider the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barry Bleichner.

The Caribbean Sea is host to a significant number of colonial-era wrecks and has historically been a prime hunting spot for commercial salvors.  Frequently, salvage of this underwater cultural heritage (UCH) occurred with the blessing of the governing authority or was implicitly endorsed by the courts determining proprietary rights.  Many wrecks are located in ecologically-sensitive areas, however, or serve as substrate for the growth of new underwater habitat.  As such, the wreck sites may...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert L. Hoover.

Two surveys by the Institute of Canine Forensics were conducted at Mission San Antonio de Padua (1771-1834) in 2013.  The first was a traditional field survey around the outside of the mission cemetery and in other areas known to contain more recent human burials.  The second was a survey of the archaeological collections of the archaeological field school (1776-2004), in a completely new application of this method. Dogs specially trained and certified in historic human remains detection...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan Riccio. Justin E. Uehlein. Becca Peixotto.

The Great Dismal Swamp Landscape Study (GDSLS), which was formed in 2002, has been investigating the swamp by means of archaeological excavation. The project has been successful in exploring the enigmatic history of disenfranchised Native Americans, African Maroons, and others who sought refuge from the colonial world ca. 1660-1865.The project revolves around a predictive model of community structure that can be tested on various sites in the swamp. Current research focuses on the interior, or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Edward B Lane. Brent Lane.

Coastal North Carolina has 3,375 miles of shoreline, much of it fronting low-lying lands increasingly vulnerable to flooding and inundation exacerbated by a long-term process of sea-level rise. This vulnerability has made the area a fruitful laboratory for environmental science studies of sea level change and its environmental and societal effects. But the issue of forecasting sea level rise for public policy and land use management has become controversial due in part to the difficulty of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Dufton. Stu Eve.

One aspect of the emerging field of digital archaeology involves the use of digital geo-technologies to create and disseminate location-based archaeological information to both academic and non-academic audiences. Although archaeological projects often lack the resources or expertise necessary to create tailor-made applications, existing services fulfilling a similar purpose can often be repurposed for archaeological projects. A specific case-study using the foursquare service will help shed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only W. Shawn Arnold.

  The oil tanker Gulfoil is located in 534 meters of water.  Built by New York Shipbuilding in Camden, New Jersey, Gulfoil is the first oil tanker to be built in the United States of America using British engineer Joseph Isherwood’s system of ship construction.  The Isherwood system used longitudinal framing instead of traditional transverse frames making the ship stronger and lighter than previous construction methods.  Sunk by German submarine U-506 in the Gulf of Mexico in 1942, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas Honerkamp. Meredith Gilligan. Taylor Maxie.

The North End Plantation on Ossabaw Island, Georgia (9CH1062) has been almost continually occupied since the 1760s. Although a large number of enslaved Africans (later Gullah-Geechee) resided there, the remains of three tabby duplexes are the only substantial remains associated with them. This paper summarizes the results of two field seasons of landscape reconstruction that were aimed at identifying the locations of additional non-tabby cabins, historic plantation roadways, and adjacent yard...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Moore.

The wreck of HMS Investigator presents a remarkably well-preserved example of copper-sheathing applied to a Royal Navy ship. It is particularly interesting given that most Royal Navy ships engaged in the search for a Northwest Passage, and without exception those entering the Arctic via Hudson Strait and Davis Strait, were fitted with bottom felt and doubled planking but were unsheathed. The planned voyage of the Investigator and HMS Enterprise into the Arctic via tropical waters and the Bering...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stan Berryman.

Prior to the United States Army taking over the 2.5 million acres that is White Sands Missile Range, this area was the home to ranches.  Not the type that would be expected in the land of Billy the Kid, but rather hard-scrabbe cattle, horse and angora goat ranches.  After the Apache Indians were moved onto reservations in the late 1800's the White Sands area of New Mexico became the home to Anglo and Hispanic American ranchers.  All that remains are often barbed wire fence lines, tumbling down...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Esther Rimer.

Almost immediately after the perfection of English lead glass in 1676, lead glass appeared on the tables of British colonists, including Chesapeake settlers. The durability and beauty of English lead glass made it a consumer amenity that became a regular sight in upper and middle-class homes and taverns throughout the 18th-century Atlantic World. This paper will compare evidence of lead glass found at pre-1700 and early 18th-century plantations between Maryland and the James River to assess...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thurston Hahn III.

The merchant family of Henderson and Gaines was the most prolific importer of ceramics in antebellum New Orleans, Louisiana.  Or, at least, the most archaeologically represented. The company of Henderson and Gaines enjoyed a lengthy lifespan, importing ceramics directly from Liverpool, England, and elsewhere into New Orleans between 1836 and 1866.  Their predecessors, however, first opened their doors to the trade in the early 1820s while their successors remained in business until the late...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine E Shakour. Tommy Burke. Ian Kuijt.

While historians have a broad understanding that residential practices changed through time within 19-20th century Irish coastal villages, little research has explored the extent migration and residential continuity shape village history, let alone the underlying reasons for changes.  Focusing on the small village of Westquarter, Inishbofin, Co. Galway, Ireland, this paper explores the social and residential history from around 1800 through present day.  Centered on the dynamic intergenerational...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chistopher S. Jazwa. Douglas J. Kennett. Lynn Gamble.

Using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) techniques and chronology building calibration software that incorporates Bayesian statistics, it is possible to establish high-precision chronologies for complex sites. This includes shell midden sites, which are common along coastlines in the United States and often contain multiple distinct strata. We present the example of SCRI-333, on the western end of Santa Cruz Island, California. At this site, we selected carbonized twig and marine shell...

DOCUMENT Citation Only C. Andrew Buchner.

After the American Revolutionary War disrupted Native American groups were pushed westward, and among these were Cherokee who settled in the Arkansas River Valley beginning in the 1790s.  Their population peaked during 1818-1828, after which they resettled farther west in Indian Territory.  Archaeological evidence for the Arkansas Cherokee sites has been slow to come to light, because the sites were so briefly occupied and exhibit low artifact densities.  Additionally, because the Arkansas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allison Young.

Second World War military operations resulted in the capture of thousands of prisoners of war and the creation of internment facilities by both the Axis and the Allies. Archaeologists have begun to examine these facilities around the world. The United States government established a POW program with numerous camps all over the country to house these prisoners. This paper provides the results of historical archaeological research at the Indianola prisoner of war camp in southwestern Nebraska. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Henrik Harnow. Lene Høst-Madsen.

The concept of archaeology and the structure of professional archaeology in Denmark differ from those of the Anglo-Saxon world. This is especially true when speaking of historical archaeology. Though medieval archaeology has experienced an inclusion into mainstream archaeology during the last few decades, much of what is considered archaeology in Britain and the United States is not seen as such in Denmark. This condition is due to historical conditions and divisions within the museum world. But...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Belford.

Historical archaeology has become much more widely accepted in Europe in the last ten years The same period has also seen tremendous changes in the way archaeology is undertaken in many European countries. Some - such as the UK, Ireland, and the Netherlands - have adopted an 'Anglo-Saxon' model of free-market capitalism within a regulatory framework; others - such as France and Poland - remain strongly wedded to a more traditional statist model. These methodological differences reflect - and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erki Russow.

The archaeology of the recent past (e.g. post-1500) in the eastern Baltic is a rather young area for material culture researchers. Only in the last 15-20 years has post-medieval archaeology gained some attention among archaeologists in the Baltic States, with the primary focus on military objects and certain types of artefacts. To date, no extensive theoretical discussion has been initiated, and the majority of research has limited connection with lobal historical archaeology. There are various...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Noura SAHNOUNE.

This paper poses the questions "what is an archaeology of slavery? why has it only developed in French archaeology in the last twenty years?" In the 1990s a number of organizations began to take an interest in the archaeology of slavery, and worked towards a commemoration of the institution. In the French West Indies, the DRAC and Inrap began to undertake CRM work on cemeteries and other sites associated with slavery.  At the same time, activist organizations in the French West Indies...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steve Lenik.

Plantations in Grand Bay in southeastern Dominica have been venues for periodic episodes of resistance and rebellion, most recently in 1974, which were recorded in colonial archives because of the reporting and investigating of these events. While in this venue the perspective provided by the archive lends itself to the reporting of a series of events, archaeology at plantations in Grand Bay is more amenable to the study of long term processes such as the manipulation of space as a means of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Pye.

The American drive-in movie theater played a valuable role in the entertainment of the country during the mid to late twentieth century. During its heyday in the 1950s, the drive-in theater was a primary family recreation locale. Convenience was key; families could wear anything; they could eat, drink, or smoke in their cars; and there was always a place to park. Many drive-ins installed play areas, picnic areas, and concession stands. Some theaters even offered miniature golf courses, driving...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen A. Hammack.

This paper will present the results of five years of historical detective work and archaeological research into the Creek Indians who lived in the Southeastern United States, along Middle Georgia's Ocmulgee River (previously Ochese Creek), between AD 1680 and 1716.  Contradictory historical maps depicting town locations will be discussed, as will attempts to document their modern locations.  Comparisons of ethnohistorical research into the two groups of Lower Creek, the more numerous Hitchiti...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donald D. Southworth II.

During the relocation of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows building in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, in 2008-09, six old railroad rails were removed from the west side of the building. These rails had been used to prevent cars from hitting utility boxes and other fixtures located along the building. The rails had been placed vertically in the ground with the flat bottom of the rail facing out. Each location where the rails were used consisted of two rails on either side of the fixture and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Stroud.

In conjunction with a structural assessment of Drayton Hall’s iconic two-story portico in the spring of 2012, archaeological investigations were conducted adjacent to the foundations of the portico. These test units were of particular interest as they revealed the conditions and extent of the spread footers at the base of the square piers and walls that support the portico above. The excavations also exposed various construction techniques used in the brick masonry walls and columns which are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark I Beattie-Edwards.

The Holland 5 submarine was one of the Britsh Royal Navy's first commissioned submarines. Lost in August 1912 she lay on the seabed off Eastbourne, Sussex, Egland until being discovered by a recreational diver in 1995.  Since 2006 the Nautical Archaeology Society have been organising trips to the submarine and undertaking monitoring work of the boats condition. The distant offshore position of the wreck presents unique problems to the heritage agencies in how the site should be protected. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Fennelly.

Following development of a nineteenth century asylum complex in the North of England, a clay pipe bowl and stem fragment were discovered. The bowl was incised with the words ‘Dublin’, and may have related to a local pipe maker who catered for the demand of an increasing market of emigrant Irish. Its presence indicates the conscious cultivation of an Irish-abroad identity within the larger growing population of the North of England. This paper will look at the issue of ‘homesickness’, juxtaposing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara Rivers Cofield.

Research into the origin of horse furniture found in colonial assemblages in Maryland has revealed new information about the predominance of saddle horses for travel there. English Customs records from 1697 to 1770 illustrate that more bridles and saddles of English manufacture were imported to Maryland and Virginia than to any other English colony in the New World, indicating that saddle horses may have been far more important in the Chesapeake than in other English colonies. This paper looks...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn White.

House and household have been the primary focus of the archaeological study of Burning Man. Domestic space in Black Rock City, the location of the Burning Man festival in northwestern Nevada, takes many different forms. In this paper, the configurations of house, household, and the components of domestic space are investigated. Even in an experimental municipality, where the fantastic and inventive are elemental, the household is the basic building block of the city. As such it is not only a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James I. Lyttleton.

The degree to which cultural, economic and social change in early modern Ireland was inspired by English colonial models can be questioned, though it is undeniable that material practices were evolving among the native and planter communities under the influence of capitalism, humanism and religious change. Such processes impacted upon both vernacular and formal architecture, with changes in the materials, forms, and layouts of buildings marking the degree to which people of different cultural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Striebel MacLean.

A modest plantation house overlooking the Caribbean Sea on the northwestern coast of Montserrat burned in the late 18th-century. The path charted by the fire was fortunately uneven and has provided us with an archaeologically intimate portrait of the domesticity of empire—from table settings to personal adornment to furniture. The composition of the household is as of yet unknown, however. There are traces of enslaved Africans, and a wealthy British male well versed in the aesthetics of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily S. Dale.

Chinese immigrants in Aurora, Nevada were an integral part of the boomtown community. They thrived from the town’s founding in 1861 until its final mining bust in the 1920s despite the racially charged overtones of the late nineteenth-century. Examination of the Chinese community at the household level, combining historical records and documentation with information gathered during recent archaeological surveys and excavations permits a nuanced understanding of the lives, occupations,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara Bon-Harper. Fraser Neiman. Karen Smith.

The architectural remains of four houses have been recovered archaeologically on Monticello’s Site 8, home to enslaved field hands in the late-eighteenth century. Plowzone evidence hints at the existence of others. This paper brings together multiple lines of evidence to examine the degree of cooperation among residents of each house and among residents of different houses. We see this cooperation as an essential element defining households as distinct from co-resident domestic groups. Plowzone...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Chemello. Paul Mardikian. Kate E Morrand.

As one of its many functions, the Naval History & Heritage Command (NHHC) Underwater Archaeology Branch operates the Archaeology & Conservation Laboratory in order to conserve, document, research and curate US Navy's archaeological artifacts.  The Archaeology & Conservation Lab also conducts scientific and historical research to better inform conservation treatments, contribute data to archaeological research questions and help interpret the US Navy's submerged cultural heritage. NHHC's...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric D. Tourigny.

The community of Ferryland represents the second permanent English settlement on the island of Newfoundland. Commissioned in 1620 by Sir George Calvert, later the first Lord Baltimore, the fishery played an important role as a seat of power on the island throughout the seventeenth century. The recovery of thousands of well preserved animal bones associated with the Mansion House, a building that served as the Calvert family home, and later the home of Newfoundland’s first governor, provides the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Craig Lukezic.

  The remains of Fort Elfsborg may be in a modern marshland, and the remains of Fort Christina may lie underneath 150 years worth of heavy industrial occupation.  While the lore of these centers of New Sweden are currnetly alive in the people of the Delaware Valley, no remains have yet been found.  This paper is an update in the ongoing search for both structures, and the special challenges the severla teams have encountered. 

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kimberly A. Wescott.

Between A.D. 1670 and 1740, traders, settlers, and displaced Native American peoples migrated to the Savannah River in hopes of establishing trade and diplomatic relations with the colony of Carolina. Savannah Town, located near the Fall Line in the middle part of the drainage, consisted of approximately nine scattered villages inhabited at various times by groups of Savannah or Shawnee, Apalachee, Yuchi, and later Chickasaw Native Americans. Furthermore, Savannah town formed an important...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Moss.

One hundred and fifty words precisely.

DOCUMENT Citation Only José Bettencourt. André Teixeira. Catarina Garcia. Christelle Chouzenoux. Inês Pinto Coelho. Marco Pinto. Tiago M Fraga. Tiago Silva.

In 1998, a team from Centro Nacional de Arqueologia Náutica e Subaquática (CNANS) undertook the rescue excavation of Angra D, a probable 16th or 17th century Iberian shipwreck located in the construction area of a dock in Angra Bay (Terceira Island, Azores). The study of the site was never completed. In 2011, a team from CHAM continued the study of Angra D, reassessing the archaeological archive, the ship timbers and the artefacts. This study suggests that Angra D is probably a small merchant...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gavin Lucas. Angelos Parigoris.

This paper revolves around a central dilemma: whether to see Iceland as colonizer or colonized. On the one hand, it was linked to the Danish project of colonialism outside Europe, benefitting from access to exotic goods and influenced by ideologies of race and whiteness. On the other hand, Iceland was itself a dependency of Denmark, and from the nineteenth century, developed a discourse of nationalism and independence. This paper will examine the tensions of Iceland as colonizer/colonized...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timo Ylimaunu. Risto Nurmi. Timo Sironen. Paul R. Mullins. Titta Kallio-Seppä.

Images, pictures and urban poems were important tools in the production and reproduction of early modern Swedish colonialism and the Age of Great Power. Urban images of Erik Dahlberg in the volume Svecia Antiqua et Hodierna and poems of Olof Hermelin in Hecatompolis Suionum, for example, were productions of the period when Sweden was at its most powerful. We will discuss how these images reflect the archaeological record of northern towns in the coastal area of the northern Baltic Sea. We will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ronan O'Donnell.

Manuscript plans contain a variety of data concerning the landscape changes associated with enclosure.  These can be revealed by map regression; a technique which has been used in many previous studies but usually without the aid of GIS.  This paper will outline a simple method for the comparison of plans using GIS, in which maps which are directly comparable are created, eliminating the problems of the different scales and conventions used in manuscript plans.  This has revealed, among other...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather A Fischer.

In the mid- 19th century, General John David McAdoo operated a plantation in Washington County Texas. Dismantled in the 1960s, all that remains of the house are the stone pier foundations. During the summer of 2012, Texas Tech University excavated and mapped the stone piers using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The primary goal of these investigations was to document the layout and extent of the structure’s remains.  Information about the house comes from both an oral interview and visual...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chris Underwood.

Successful training courses comprise more than the sum of the individual teaching components that take place in the classroom or in the field.  In particular those international courses that bring together participants from different cultures present their own challenges, not just differences in language, but there are other considerations. This paper, using examples from Latin America and the Caribbean, will illustrate the components and organisation that not only helps to fulfil the specific...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel K. Wentz.

Spanish colonialism impacted, transformed, and ultimately extinguished the indigenous populations of Florida. Every aspect of aboriginal culture was affected, including their mortuary practices. Body position and treatment, grave good assemblages, and method of interment were radically altered by the imposition of Catholicism on Florida natives who fell under colonial regimes. Burials associated with mission sites provide insight into the impact of Spanish colonialism on the people they...

DOCUMENT Citation Only George Schwarz.

The coastal stretches along Portugal's Algarve are historically notorious for storms in which vessels were lost during return voyages from southern destinations. Archival documents have revealed that an Iberian work vessel, perhaps a little-known but ubiquitous ship type from the Age of Exploration known as the patacho, was wrecked during a storm in the Bay of Martinhal in 1608. As the construction and operation of this particular ship type is virtually unknown, a research project was designed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Franc Myles.

In recent years excavators along the western seaboard of Ireland and Scotland have recovered extensive evidence on domestic sites for the presence of Spongewares and other mass-produced ceramics dating to the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The recovery of this material has opened the debate on the ‘marginal’ nature of such landscapes which has fostered divergent theoretical approaches questioning consumer choices in post-Famine Ireland at odds with received subaltern narratives of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter A. Connelly. Jayne Rimmer.

The Hungate Excavation and Research Project, a £3 million, 2 hectare developer-funded investigation carried out by York Archaeological Trust between 2006 and 2011, has provided a unique opportunity to recover and examine a geographically marginal and socially disadvantaged urban neighbourhood, uncovering nearly 2,000 years of history and archaeology of an evolving community on the fringes of urban society and intellectual enquiry.   This paper traces the social and economic development of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Liza Gijanto.

The legacy of Roots on Gambia is the alteration of memory and history.  Haley’s tale and seemingly academic use of documentary and oral histories lent credibility to his story, resulting in the novel replacing previous collective memory of Juffure’s founding and its Atlantic past.  As a result of the rise in African Diaspora tourism in Gambia following the novel’s publication, a national identity emerged dependent on the persona of Kunta Kinte and victimization through the slave trade.  This is...