Society for Historical Archaeology

DOCUMENT Citation Only Trevor Colaneri. Emma Dietrich.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Boxed but not Forgotten Redux or: How I Learned to Stop Digging and Love Old Collections Part III" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As photogrammetric and 3D printing technology becomes more accessible, 3D artifact replicas are now more common used at museums and in public engagement programs of all types. These items prove to be successful interpretive tools as they offer tangible experiences with items...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lotte E Govaerts.

This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In this paper I compare six nineteenth-century Missouri River trade post sites in present-day North and South Dakota. This was done using artifact collections generated in the mid-twentieth century during large-scale archaeological salvage operations. The United States colonized the region during the period studied, resulting in significant environmental and demographic changes....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peggy Humes. Crystal L. Ptacek.

This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The process of cooking creates more than a meal: cooking provides a glimpse into how the resource availability of wild and domesticated plants played a prominent role in peoples’ diets, medicinal regimes, and their choice of fuels. This paper will compare the preliminary results collected from macrobotanical remains from Thomas Jefferson’s first kitchen at Monticello with a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William L Fleming.

Multi-photograph digital photogrammetry, a powerful tool for archaeologists, is quickly gaining traction for site and object recording and reproduction. As technology advances, new software packages are being developed, but are all packages the same? Does one software package have any advantages over another? Is one software package more useful in certain situations than another? These questions will be explored by recording the ventilation engines recovered from the wreck of the USS Monitor,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily S. Dale.

Nineteenth and twentieth century western mining landscapes were characterized by urban centers that served as hubs of economic and social activities and rural sites that provided the towns and cities with needed goods. Aurora, Nevada and Bodie, California were two prominent mining towns that were serviced by a multitude of rural sites, such as ranches, farms, and woodcutting camps. Chinese immigrants resided in both the urban and rural spaces. This paper compares and contrasts the archaeology of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kevin P Smith.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Medieval to Modern Transitions and Historical Archaeology" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Research on North Atlantic societies’ transitions from medieval to early modern cultures has recently become more theoretically engaged and informed. In Iceland, historical research has framed the most important processes in this transition as changes in religious affiliation and in the trading partners that linked...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsay Kiel.

The neophyte housing complex of Mission Santa Clara de Asís, one of the five Spanish missions established in the San Francisco Bay region during the California Mission Period, was excavated between 2012 and 2014. Excavations unearthed numerous refuse pits that contained a variety of faunal remains. Feature 157 was made up of three distinct multi-use pit sub-features that contained the remains of a variety of fauna. The assemblage dates to approximately 1777-1837 and contains several thousand...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark C. Branstner.

If size is what really matters, then every farmstead that has been continually occupied for the past 150 years is eligible for nomination to the NRHP. On the other hand, if NRHP eligibility is keyed to our ability to ask specific questions about specific populations at specific points in time, then the truly significant properties may be those small and ephemeral sites that either failed prematurely or were otherwise abandoned after relatively brief occupation periods. Using examples from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margaret A Comer.

This is an abstract from the "Exploring the Recent Past" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. A key point of conflict and contest at sites related to Soviet repression is the matter of victimhood and perpetration. At each site, who is identified as a victim, perpetrator, or bystander, and why? Who decides on these classifications, and, within each site’s interpretation, is there any reflection of the very real contestation and ambivalence that attend...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith B. Linn.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Archaeology of Cities: Unearthing Complexity in Urban Landscapes", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Historians have long noted that the majority of Irish immigrants fleeing the Great Famine (1845-1852) came from rural areas in Ireland and, surprisingly, settled in American cities, quickly becoming an urbanized population. Explanations for this phenomenon have centered on social factors, which are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michele E. Hoferitza.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Glass Beads: Global Artefacts, Local Perspectives", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Identifying the origin for Prosser beads may lead to a greater understanding of their distribution. In this study, x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of a collection of 102 Prosser beads of various colors found in southeastern Idaho indicate dramatic variation between elemental composition of the beads. The variations are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren D. Finnigan.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. For anthropology to study what it means to be human it is imperative that we have a robust understanding of alienation, the phenomenon of being separated from our humanity. This paper will demonstrate the results of both archaeological and historic archival research into labor alienation as it occurred in the industrial town of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrice L Jeppson. Kamelia Aryafar. Ali Shokoufandeh.

Computer vision technologies will someday reconstruct our ceramics for us. This paper considers the implications of one new development toward that end – a computer-employed 'appearance analysis' that automates the classification of ceramic fragments. This technology, which forms a first step in virtual ceramic reconstructions, parallels the typological ordering archaeologists traditionally employ when mending vessels and pursuing cultural understandings. On a prosaic level, the automated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Jo Galindo.

Before the Río Grande became a contested border between the United States and Mexico, and between predominantly Latino and Anglo-American societies, it was the northern frontier of Spanish Nuevo Santander and a border between Spanish Mexico and indigenous societies to the north. The pobladores, or colonists, who moved into the region—and their descendants to the present day—had to adapt constantly to the changing political, economic, and social environment. The eighteenth-century colony of Nuevo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth A. Comer. Kathy Abbott.

During restoration of a ca.1817 worker’s house in Catoctin Furnace, Maryland, 103 articles of clothing were discovered inserted between the eaves. The heavily worn and patched clothing for men, women and children includes both current fashion and utilitarian articles. An extraordinary discovery in its own right, the dataset is augmented by the recovery of over 200 buttons, as well as pins, needles, and shoes from excavation beneath the floorboards of the house. This paper shares research on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dr. Abhay Kumar.

The Concept of Humanity of Gautam Buddha in the context of Cultural Ethos   Human being is a social entity. It is the virtue of human beings to not to contaminate the atmosphere of the society. The control over the evil thoughts of jealousy, contempt, forgery etc is the supreme service offered to this society. As the godly qualities like love and co-operation can only prevent the defame and disallow laziness and greed, these need to be incorporated in our or human behaviour. These are the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Watkins-Kenney.

This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. When physical remains of the past are discovered underwater preservation actions needed may be obvious to archaeological conservators. Deciding actions taken, however, often falls to public agency managers. By general organization theory effective management requires understanding of context. A conceptual framework to help conservation managers understand contexts within which their...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marley R. Brown III.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "“Historical Archaeology with Canon on the Side, Please”: In Honor of Mary C. Beaudry (1950-2020)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the spring of 1975, Mary Beaudry offered to accompany me to the annual meeting of the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology held in those days at Bear Mountain State Park on the Hudson. I had been asked to give the plenary address on my dissertation project - The Mott...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Gadsby. Dave Conlin.

In 2011, The National Park Service signed two international Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) on the management and protection of sites that lie within the park system, but are of interest or importance to foreign governments. The first, signed with the United Kingdom, provides specific protections for a particular resource, the wreck of the 18th-century frigate HMS Fowey. The second, signed with the government of the Kingdom of Spain, expresses the participants' mutual interest in wide variety...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Hull.

Although uncommon, a few artifacts reflecting an unambiguous connection with a particular political ideology, social movement, or politician/activist have been recovered from archaeological sites in Southern Ontario. Often these items do not reflect local Upper Canada concerns, but rather ‘»concerns at home»’--’socio-political issues from the Irish and English homelands of immigrant families. Items such as moulded or stamped smoking pipes, buttons and pins with various slogans carried meaning...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ashley H. McKeown. Alondra Rosario Zayas. Edith L. Collins. Kimberly L. Breyfogle. Nicolle M. Rivera Santos. Amber Vinson. Daisy Linsangan. Eileen Brickell. Kaylee Gaumnitz.

This is a poster submission presented at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As part of the 2021 National Science Foundation funded Research Experiences for Undergraduates Exploring Globalization Through Archaeology site investigations of the St. Croix Leper Hospital (1888-1954), team members documented over 1200 graves in the Christiansted Cemetery. After identifying the names of hospital residents from census records (1890-1940) and the names of 240 individuals...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie A Sterling.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Tlingit lore describes a monster who enhabits the deep caverns at the mouth of Lituya Bay and shakes the water like a sheet creating a consistently tumultuous environment. The significance of this area encompasses both natural and cultural resources and is known for a 1700 ft tsunami that scoured the landscape. Culturally however,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney H. Buchanan. Jennifer E Perry.

This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As the largest of the Channel Islands off the coast of Southern California, Santa Cruz Island was home to ranching, farming, hunting, fishing and abalone diving, military activities, oil exploration, tourism, scientific inquiry, and conservation/restoration from the 1830s through the 1980s. Our work has focused on archaeologically documenting the material correlates of these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emlen Myers. Christopher Polglase. Benjamin D. Siegel. Manuel Roman. Douglas Park.

In 2014, ERM undertook an archaeological baseline survey for the Canal de Nicaragua project as part of an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. Intended to assess the entire canal route, the area examined included a 10km wide corridor from the Boca de Brito on the Pacific coast to the mouth of the Punta Gorda on the Caribbean coast (a 1,400km² impact area). This paper presents ERM’s Nicaragua project as a case study of a high level CRM effort operating within a politically charged medium...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexis Catsambis.

The U.S. Navy has recently sought to advance the management of its sunken military craft though internal planning initiatives, as well as the promulgation of revised federal regulations that establish a new permitting program for researchers wishing to investigate ship and aicraft wrecks under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Navy. Following multiple coordination phases within the Department, among federal agencies, and with members of the public, the revised regulations are now in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gavin Lucas.

This paper explores the process of ruination in terms of networks and channels of dispersal; how the materiality of a whole village is stripped by various agencies which move things along. Drawing especially on recent work in human geography and new mobility and materiality turn, this study takes an industrial fishing village on an island in the bay of Reykjavík to examine the processes and conduits through which the village is de-materialized. The village was established at the beginning of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Bright. David Conlin. Brandi Carrier. William Hoffman.

The National Park Service’s Submerged Resources Center and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management’s Office of Renewable Energy Programs have developed and tested a geospatial tool designed to automate the processing of magnetometer data. Field tested by a NPS/BOEM team across a variety of submerged cultural materials during the summer of 2013, the tool operates via a mathematical algorithm that models a ferromagnetic object’s detectability as a function of its size, magnetic field strength, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Bright. David Conlin. Brandi Carrier. William Hoffman.

The National Park Service’s Submerged Resources Center and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management’s Office of Renewable Energy Programs have developed and tested a geospatial tool designed to automate the processing of magnetometer data. Field tested by a NPS/BOEM team across a variety of submerged cultural materials during the summer of 2013, the tool operates via a mathematical algorithm that models a ferromagnetic object’s detectability as a function of its size, magnetic field strength, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Scott.

Conflict archaeology has grown as a sub-discipline in the last 30 years. It now has a rich theoretical basis grounded in Military Terrain analysis and the Anthropological theories of war and warfare. Most of our material culture finds are still interpreted using typologies created in the field of military material culture collecting or from those established by relic collectors.  This is not necessarily a bad thing, but given that we are dealing with relatively recent material culture our...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carl Carlson-Drexler.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "“We Go to Gain a Little Patch of Ground. That hath in it no profit but the name”: Revolutionary Research in Archaeologies of Conflict" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In challenging the battle-focused perception of Conflict Archeology, we need to consider the deep reach of warfare and social strife to areas away from the front lines. Archeologists have been trying to consider civilian connections to war in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chris LaMack.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Archaeological investigations at the Iron Age hill fortress of Oğlanqala in Azerbaijan’s Naxçivan Autonomous Republic have provided key insight into political complexity in the ancient Caucasus. However, small finds and distinctive architecture attest to an equally compelling (if murkier) early twentieth century past. This paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane L. Teeman. Sarah E. Cowie.

Traditional Indigenous landscapes are imbued with cultural meaning and value. After contact, Indigenous trails often gained uses for military conflict, immigrant travel, and removal of Indigenous people from their homelands, adding additional meaning to the landscape. Nevada’s historic Stewart Indian School is another Indigenous landscape later used in the federal effort to assimilate Native children. Both case studies demonstrate that processes of governmentality, disciplinary power, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barbara A. Clark.

This is an abstract from the "Reflections, Practice, and Ethics in Historical Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The unified ethic has traditionally been used in other fields of study  as a foundation for ethical decision making. The unified ethic makes use of various ethical theories in a process that results in clarity and coherence of the conflict. This paper proposes that the unified ethic can be used to reach a consensus among...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Valerie M. J. Hall.

Subtypological analysis of historic-period indigenous ceramics indicates changes in Maryland Indian women’s pottery over the course of the seventeenth century may have helped normalize the selection and adaptation of aspects of English material culture, while preserving family- and clan-based cultural traditions.  Previous research, hypothesizing that native-made items including ceramics were purchased/traded for and used by English colonists, elucidates a shift in surface treatments while...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Fennell. George Calfas.

The first innovation of alkaline-glazed stoneware pottery in the Americas occurred in Edgefield, South Carolina, in the early 1800s. These potteries employed enslaved and free African Americans, and stoneware forms also show evidence of likely African cultural influence on stylistic designs. Archaeological investigations in 2011 at the first Edgefield kiln, built circa 1815, were informed by a strong consensus among historians that the facility was an early form of groundhog kiln for a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane Wallman. Matt Litteral.

In recent years, the southern United States has experienced a growing movement to remove confederate memorials from public spaces. These efforts have initiated a dialogue about representations of heritage, and the ethics of memorialization. Arguments for the removal of these memorials and monuments maintain that they misrepresent the past, and minimize the suffering of enslaved people and their descendants. Gamble Plantation was one of several sugar plantations established along the Manatee...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stacey Camp.

Three dimensional virtual worlds present new possibilities and new challenges for teaching about difficult pasts or "dark heritages." This paper considers how virtual environments can be used to explore conflict through user interaction with primary and secondary data sets. It will present a virtual world prototype of Idaho’s Kooskia Internment Camp, a World War II Japanese American internment camp that imprisoned over two hundred Japanese American men. Drawing upon pedagogical strategies...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Nassaney.

Our scholarship teaches us that racialized structures created conditions that constrained and facilitated social action, with a pervasive influence on the materiality of the past. Inevitably, agents worked against institutionalized racism in public and covert ways to try to affect a more equitable and less dehumanizing society. Despite these efforts, we generally pay less attention to how ongoing structural racism influences our current lives and practice as historical archaeologists and global...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Evelyn R. Nimmo.

One of the major challenges in working with museum collections of excavated material is the paucity of information available about the original excavation. What value do these collections have without any context? This paper examines a case study of an archaeological collection from one of the first Spanish Jesuit missions founded in Southern Brazil, housed at the Paranaense Museum, Curitiba, Brazil. The mission, Santo Inacio Mini (1610 – 1631), was the largest in the province and was integral...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Janene Johnston. William Lees.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Lost Cause is an essential underpinning of Jim Crow most visible in Confederate monuments but also in Civil War battles preserved as public monuments. Although it is true that the victors write the history books, there may not have been a push to do so in the case of small-scale engagements, which allowed the fabricated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only V. Camille Westmont. Mikaela Girard.

Historical archaeology has an opportunity to tell histories that have been obscured, overlooked, or forgotten, purposefully or otherwise, through the passage of time; however, some of these facets of the past continue to ring true in the present. Archaeologists from the University of Maryland have documented patterns and stories of domestic violence in small company "patch" towns in Northeastern Pennsylvania’s Anthracite coal region covering nearly 100 years of history. Oral histories with town...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Warren Perry. Gerald Sawyer. Janet Woodruff.

From the mid-18th to mid-19th century, Connecticut’s African-American community maintained an autonomous political and cultural structure headed by elected officials known as Black Governors. Their responsibilities included presiding over legal matters in the Black community, officiating at ceremonies, and maintaining an African-based social organization that was long ignored or misunderstood in European-focused histories. Despite their importance, the Black Governors are relatively unknown to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda M. Evans. Marcy Rockman.

In 2015 the United Nations established Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as part of a global agenda.  SDG 14 charges the world to "conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources." SDG 13 urges action to combat climate change and its impacts, while SDG 11 calls for greater efforts to safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage. Our goal here is to show that these goals are best addressed together. In the US alone, nearly half the population lives in coastal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathleen M. Sullivan.

Underwater archaeological sites are typically inaccessible to the general public. The public’s interaction with such sites occurs through connections made with excavated artifacts. However, the conservation of these artifacts, especially if they come from a marine environment, can take decades. Interpreting conservation to the public promotes understanding of the lengthy treatment process, thereby fostering support for the project and creating a connection to the artifacts and their history. USS...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Della A Scott-Ireton. Sorna Khakzad. Michael B Thomin.

This is an abstract from the "The Public and Our Communities: How to Present Engaging Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Florida history is firmly connected to its maritime landscape. A number of interpreted shipwreck trails, maritime museums, and archaeological resources along major rivers connect Northwest Florida’s land to its waterways and coastal areas. Although this region’s history plays an important part in the development of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John T. Eddins. Virginia Busby.

Reflecting on NHPA 50 years after its passage, it is its public relevance, engagement, and inclusiveness that increasingly enable it to protect the valued heritage of our diverse peoples.  Implemented wisely, with broad stakeholder involvement, and integrated with environmental considerations, NHPA, Section 106 in particular, can directly support future economic, cultural, and environmental sustainability.   From its beginnings NHPA provided flexibility that we have gradually grown more...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Enrique Aragon.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Contextualizing Maritime Archaeology in Australasia" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. ‘Social Network’ has become a popular term thanks to online tools as Facebook or Twitter, allowing us to connect with everyone. Specific to archaeology, Social Network Analysis (SNA) is well established as a method, but its theoretical application in Maritime Archaeology is an incipient initiative. This paper presents the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Beaudoin.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Bridging Connections and Communities: 19th-Century Black Settlement in North America" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Little River Settlement was a 19th-century planned community established to provide farmland to Black families in Windsor, Ontario. The community failed for a variety of reasons by the mid-to-late 19th-century and the residents dispersed to other local Black settlements or relocated to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Harold Mytum.

The relationships displayed through actions and monuments within a graveyard are numerous. This study examines the relationships between the living and the dead, between monuments and monuments and with the wider landscape, and different categories of the living who visit the graveyard. It is possible to investigate the powerful symbolic, textual, physical and intra-site landscape connections and avoidances to reveal the ways in which these places, monuments, the dead, and the living were all...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie Gandulla.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Research, Interpretation, and Engagement in Post-Contact Archaeology of the Great Lakes Region" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Located in Lake Huron, NOAA’s Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary protects one of the nation’s best-preserved and historically significant collections of submerged shipwrecks. Within its 4,300 square miles lie nearly 100 known shipwreck sites, and research indicates as many 100...

DOCUMENT Citation Only M. Jay Stottman.

This is an abstract from the "Communicating Working Class Heritage in the 21st Century: Values, Lessons, Methods, and Meanings" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Is working class history being forgotten?  What is working class heritage to the working class today?  This paper will examine the relationship between working class people and their history.  It also will critically analyze academia’s role in preserving this history and its inherent...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael P Roller.

Anthropologist John Connerton’s brief essay "Seven Kinds of Forgetting" provides a foundation and touchstone for recent explorations in the study of memory and modernity. Rhizomatic in nature, the essay succeeds in opening up, and also fragmenting, explorations of memory spanning a broad theoretical spectrum of critical, materialist and culturalist approaches. This essay adapts, critiques and expands upon Connerton’s notions of memory using the example of memory and forgetting in the subsequent...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danny Zborover.

In April of 1522, Pedro de Alvarado conquered and claimed the Port of Huatulco in the name of the Spanish King Carlos V. Among the best natural harbors on the Pacific Ocean, Huatulco soon became the main port-of-trade for the Hapsburgian Empire between New Spain, Central America, and Peru up until the late 16th century. But this conquest was only one of many-- and one of the last-- of such dramatic cycles of domination and colonialization in southern Mexico. Drawing from Indigenous documents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zoe Crossland.

This paper looks at the ways in which history and memory were involved in the expansion of the early 19th century 'Merina' state of highland Madagascar. In his conquests of neighboring territories King Andrianampoinimerina gave history to some of his new subjects, and took it away from others. In considering how this played out I explore the implications for how we understand history and historicity, and for examining archaeology's relationship to history.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeleine L Mant.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper Bodies: Excavating Archival Tissues and Traces", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Bioarchaeological researchers have increasingly looked to the archives to contextualize skeletal studies, opening exciting avenues of collaborative research. Biocultural anthropological research may not always prioritize skeletons as the primary source of body data, but instead draw upon bodies in archival materials such as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Flora Davidson.

Red Bay is recognized as the largest 16th century Basque whaling station in North America. This is based on extensive archival research begun in the 1970’s followed by 6 years of archaeological survey and excavation resulting in thousands of artifacts being raised. Even at this well studied site, the opportunity to add to the existing wealth of knowledge presented itself with the discovery of another wreck and anchor in 2004. While in-situ inspection of the wreck’s construction and anchor...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Stika.

Through conservation and analysis, artifacts from USS Westfield’s collection contribute significantly to the cultural history of the American Civil War. The sinking of USS Westfield on January 1, 1863 in Galveston Bay, Texas, effectively ended the Union’s ability to dominate Texas’ coastal waters until the end of the war. The disarticulated remnants of Westfield left in Galveston Bay lay subject to almost 150 years of erosion, dredging efforts, and salvage until the US Army Corps of Engineers...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsay E Cope.

Coral Reef ecosystems are composed of sessile colonies that have evolved over thousands of years. The rate of loss of these important and unique ecosystems is heightened by climate change and acute human impacts and their conservation is important for marine life and coastal communities. Many strategies are being used to protect coral reefs including marine protected areas, artificial reefs, and coral gardening. Coral gardening is gaining momentum as communities and scientists work to rebuild...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lesley Haines.

As the process of conserving USS Monitor artifacts continues, the Batten Conservation Complex staff at the Mariners’ Museum and Park constantly witness the intersection of the archaeological and historical records. There is an abundance of material to consult. Numerous documents related to Monitor survive, including newspaper articles, survivors’ accounts of the sinking, and ship plans. Additionally, NOAA’s excavations and continued study of the shipwreck combined with the on-going conservation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jannah C Burgess.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Ongoing Care and Study Through a Digital Catalogue of Port Royal", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Port Royal excavation revealed a diverse range of artifacts and structures. Both brick and wooden structures were found, as well as artifacts of wood, ceramics, glass and metals. Each of these materials necessitated a different conservation approach and continues to require unique handling during its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steve Nagiewicz. Peter Straub.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Citizen Science in Maritime Archaeology: The Power of Public Engagement for Heritage Monitoring and Protection" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. An obscure historical on October 6-13th, 1778 along the Mullica River in Port Republic, New Jersey, resulted from the actions of local privateers in confiscating British merchant ships. British General Sir Henry Clinton decided to move against this “Nest of Rebel...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen Atkinson. Andrew Willard.

Archaeological investigation at the Emanuel Point II shipwreck has been ongoing since its discovery in Pensacola Bay in 2006. Excavations in the stern section conducted in 2009 produced a multitude of artifacts, including two of the iron gudgeons used to affix the rudder to the sternpost of the vessel. This poster provides an overview of the conservation process given to the larger of the gudgeons recovered, demonstrating the techniques used for a large-scale multi-component artifact. Comprised...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chris Wilkins.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Opening the Vault: What Collections Can Say About Jamestown’s Global Trade Network", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. A flintlock pistol was excavated from an early well at Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in North America. The pistol was intact and consisted of waterlogged wood, iron lock plates and machinery, and a copper alloy barrel and trigger. Initial investigations revealed the firearm...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James A. Gazaway.

This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This poster recounts the 2017-2018 conservation process of a Spanish breastplate recovered after being submerged for over 400 years from the wreck site of the Emanuel Point I . The Emmanuel Point I is the name given to the first Spanish ship from the Luna Colony of 1559-1561, found by divers from the State of Florida and the students/staff of Archaeology Department of the University of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jamie M. Meinsen.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As the United States currently struggles with the issue of racism, one of several ways archaeologists have been able to positively contribute to the dialogue is through the conservation of sites related to African and African American history. This is especially true for undocumented and unmarked African burial grounds that are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather A. Stewart.

The wreck of the Esmerelda, a Nau from Vasco da Gama's second voyage to India was discovered during survey in 1998 and excavated over two seasons. The Omani Ministry of Heritage and Culture (MHC) worked with Bournemouth University and Blue water recoveries to create the project, the first of it's kind in Oman. The project is now part of the development of a marine archaeological department within Oman training archaeologists within the MHC in the survey, excavation and protection of marine...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kate Morrand.

Conservation of a 19th century Howell Mark I torpedo is currently underway at the Naval History & Heritage Command’s Archaeology & Conservation Laboratory in Washington DC. This torpedo, one of only 50 produced and one of only three surviving examples, was discovered in spring 2013 off the coast of San Diego by trained dolphins from the US Navy’s Marine Mammal Program. Designed by a US Navy officer, this revolutionary weapon was the first American-manufactured steam-powered locomotive torpedo....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kirsten Dollarhide.

Two hours into the voyage from Crescent City, California to Victoria, British Columbia in July 1865, Captain Samuel DeWolf ordered SS Brother Jonathan to set a return course. Eight miles outside of Crescent City, a wave smashed the vessel into a rock, sinking it in under an hour—along with most of the cargo and passengers. It wasn’t until the 1990s that the wreckage was rediscovered; in May 2016, a shipping crate salvaged from the wreck was sent to Texas A&M University’s Conservation Research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Chemello. Paul Mardikian.

In March 2013, U.S. Navy-trained dolphins found a torpedo during a training session off the coast of San Diego, California. The middle and after body sections of the torpedo were recovered and identified by the Naval History and Heritage Command Underwater Archaeology Branch as a Howell torpedo, one of three known to exist in the world. This presentation describes conservation efforts to preserve this complex technological object. Partial disassembly of the torpedo allowed for effective cleaning...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dan Gamble.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Excavating the Foundations of Representative Government: A Case Study in Interdisciplinary Historical Archaeology." , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology.                 In 1627, a gravestone was laid over the remains of Sir George Yeardley, who served as Governor of Virginia during the meeting of the first legislative assembly in 1619. Called the Knight’s Tomb, this stone was unique, being one of the first of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Dostal. Amy Borgens.

In the Gulf of Mexico in July of 2013, the research vessel E/V Nautilus sent the remotely operated vehicle Hercules down to a depth of over 1330m to survey and recover artifacts from an early 19th-century shipwreck known as the Monterrey A that had been surveyed the year before. They recovered more than 60 artifacts, all of which are currently being conserved and studied at the Texas A&M Conservation Research Laboratory. This paper presents a survey of the techniques currently being used to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mara Deckinga.

During recovery of material from CSS Georgia, numerous textile artifacts were recovered and transported to Texas A&M University’s Conservation Research Laboratory for treatment. Unlike terrestrial locations, waterlogged sites like CSS Georgia provide a stable environment of constant temperatures, low sunlight, and minimal exposure to micro-organisms, allowing for preservation of organic material normally lost to taphonomic factors. With maritime Civil War sites like USS Monitor and H.L. Hunley...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlin Bronston-Flynn.

During the excavation of Emanuel Point II, a 16th-century Spanish ship that sailed as part of colonization fleet led by Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano, a large number of wooden barrel hoop fragments were recovered. These vary in size from a few centimeters to almost 20 centimeters in length and were found both loose and bound together.  Once removed from the site these artifacts must be conserved using the best practices available. The conservation laboratory at UWF has elected to use a freeze...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donny Hamilton.

The Conservation Research Laboratory (CRL) was founded in1978 as part of the Nautical Archaeology Program (NAP) at Texas A&M University (TAMU) to treat the material from the archaeological sites excavated by TAMU and the Institute of Nautical Archaeology. Now CRL is one of six laboratories that comprise the Center of Maritime Archaeology and Conservation (CMAC) and CRL’s scope has considerably increased with an active contract conservation program treating archaeological material from both...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Chemello. Shanna L Daniel.

The Naval History & Heritage Command (NHHC) Archaeology & Conservation Laboratory, part of the NHHC Underwater Archaeology Branch, supports the Command's mission through the conservation, preservation and curation of archaeological material recovered from US Navy sunken military craft (SMC).  More than 7% of the Navy's archaeological artifact collection was returned to NHHC for treatment and management following unauthorized removal from US Navy SMC.  Unsanctioned and uncontrolled removal of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arianna M. DiMucci.

The in-progress conservation of two mechanical jacks recovered from the early 18th-century shipwreck Queen Anne’s Revenge (31CR314), flagship of the notorious pirate Blackbeard, is presented here. Designed to lift or pry apart heavy objects, the jacks were likely part of the ship carpenter’s tool kit. These devices worked much like their modern hydraulic counterparts and consisted of a tapering, slotted rack with one end used for lifting; the other passed through the center of a gearbox...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Krop.

NOAA’s Monitor Collection, consisting of over 200 tons of artifacts recovered from the wreck site of the famed Civil War ironclad, is the focus of the world’s largest marine archaeological metals conservation project at The Mariners’ Museum in Newport News, Virginia.  But the Monitor Collection represents farm more than a series of advanced conservation challenges; it embodies a physical connection between America’s 19th-century history, technology, and culture, our modern efforts to conserve...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carrigan Miller.

Over the course of the CSS Georgia project, a wide array of artifacts have been recovered, all of which are in the process of being conserved at the Texas A&M Conservation Research Laboratory. Each artifact poses its own unique challenges and in order to effectively conserve an artifact the appropriate technique must be selected. This presentation outlines the differing techniques for de-concreting wood, iron, and cuprous materials, as well as how to avoid common pitfalls that might be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeline E. Laub. Adam Fracchia.

This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Archaeology in Annapolis (AiA) project was started in 1981 by Dr. Mark Leone and has used critical archaeology to understand the history of Annapolis, Maryland. The project has expanded to Maryland’s Eastern Shore including Wye House, Wye Hall, and the Hill Community in Easton. In addition to the ground-breaking scholarship and data generated, the legacy of this program lies in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victor Thompson.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeology/Architecture", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In 1566, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés arrived at Mound Key, the capital of the Calusa kingdom. What he saw there was unlike anything else he would encounter in La Florida, a capital teaming with people and complex architecture that was essentially a terraformed anthropogenic island constructed mostly of mollusk shells situated in the middle of Estero Bay....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ramie Gougeon.

Training new archaeologists for roles in compliance-oriented archaeology is a balancing act of imparting a great deal of technical and methodological know-how while also developing a working and robust understanding of anthropological theory. This is especially the case for students who may be working on submerged terrestrial sites, as making arguments for or against site significance will need to expand beyond remarkable site-preservation or, in the case of off-shore sites, rarity. This paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrice L Jeppson.

In practice, and in scholarly debate, historical archaeologists pursue urban archaeology either as the archaeology ‘of cities’ or as archaeology that is done ‘in cities’. Likewise, in practice and scholarly debate, there is variation and divergence in the definitions and terminologies related to what 'Public Archaeology' is and what it does. Drawing on the dynamic, diverse, innovative, and usually long history of public outreach and engagement in the city of Philadelphia, this talk -- part of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Russ Handsman.

Slavery and the Atlantic economy created mixed Native/African communities in southeastern Massachusetts, a reality which widened after the Revolution. Historical archaeologists can deepen our understandings of the differences and interactions amongst such communities. As color lines became more rigid in such places, their inhabitants often made common cause. Yet the ancestral differences amongst them also lead to the emergence of groups of "coloured foreigners" on Indian reservations, mostly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jared P Muehlbauer.

In 1827, the community of New Guinea on Nantucket, MA opened the doors of the African Meeting House.  The African Meeting House’s construction was a milestone event in the establishment of this thriving community of color.  People of African and Native ancestry on Nantucket coupled this with buying property, building homes, starting businesses, and founding institutions to create a space that allowed them refuge from daily experiences of racism, and facilitated community resistance. By examining...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mallory R Haas.

The Liberty 70 project is a collection of research pertaining to the Liberty ship The James Eagan Layne ( JEL), who was beached and sank in Whitsand Bay near Plymouth, England, on March 1945. The Liberty 70 project seeks to record all aspects of the JEL from birth to her sinking. The James Eagan Layne is also believed to be the most dived wreck in the UK, and for many she has been their first experience wreck diving. One such research aspect is the history of her birth and construction from...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jacob M Stone.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Diverse and Enduring: Archaeology from Across the Asian Diaspora" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper explores the context following Japanese-American incarceration in the United States after WWII using the Redman-Hirahara Farmstead. Built at the turn of the 20th century, this property showcases one family’s unique journey navigating this period. The Hirahara family moved into the Victorian...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dallas C. Ward.

Heritage as a cultural process is observed through three-layers:  people, history, and landscapes.  These layers are analyzed together to gain a holistic view of heritage construction at the historic U-Lazy-S Ranch located along the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado in northwestern Texas.  This generational cattle ranch has been in operation for over 100 years.  As ranching requires large tracts of land spread across the landscape, multiple sites must be examined and combined with documentary...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin P Riggs.

This is an abstract from the "Exploring the Recent Past" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In an increasingly mobile world, the places most central to peoples' identities are often modern and fluid, as opposed to fixed and related to historic origins. This paper discusses 1947 Partition refugee resettlement housing in Delhi which was an important site of national identity construction. Following Indian independence, the millions of refugees who...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Douyard.

Alix W. Stanley spent the early 20th century purchasing old family properties in the ‘Stanley Quarter’ section of New Britain, Connecticut. The properties, owned by Stanley family members from 1644 through the mid-18th century, provided his ancestors the ability to generate considerable wealth, some of which Alix’s father used to create the Stanley Tool and Die Company. In 1928, Stanley gifted the 360 acre patchwork, which included his mansion and historic Stanley family homes to the city for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tamara Holman.

Industrial landscapes can present a rather impersonal perspective due to their immense scale and emphasis upon technical processes.  Anthropological perspectives on technology nevertheless emphasize that all technological systems are socially constructed, drawing attention to the political and cultural considerations behind decision-making.  This paper utilizes a sociotechnical systems approach to investigate depression-era gold mining near Fairbanks, Alaska.  Attention is given to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Beaupre.

The majority of archaeological interpretations of French involvement in North America have not accounted for underlying European social constructs and ideologies. As archaeological investigations of the French In North America move away from recognized strongholds and expands through the greater French Atlantic World, a critical examination of the archaeological record through these constructs is vital. This paper examines one episode of 17th century expansionism along the Lake Champlain...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lydia Wilson Marshall.

Like Maroons elsewhere in the world, runaway slaves in Kenya were thrown together by circumstance and carried diverse social experiences and cultural practices with them into freedom.  Given this heterogeneity, archaeologists have grown increasingly interested in the mechanisms by which Maroons created communities of broader cultural coherence.  This paper explores the creation of two communities by self-emancipated people in 19th-century Kenya, Koromio and Makoroboi.    Here, I use an expanding...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Annaliese Dempsey.

This is an abstract from the "Current Research and On Going Projects at the J Richard Steffy Ship Reconstruction Laboratory" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. European naval warfare in the 17th century went through a dramatic change against the backdrop of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.  English and Dutch navies, using the ship of the line as an offensive weapon, switched from a melee style of battle to the line of battle.  This new tactic, which...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles D Bendig.

Archaeologists rarely excavate complete sites, due to a mutual understanding that sections should be left for future generations and the advancement of archaeological techniques. The dynamic and high current environment surrounding the Highbourne Cay shipwreck threatened to undermine the formerly protective ballast mound. Over the course of the previous summer, an international team of nautical archaeologists proceeded to remove ballast, coral, and sand to record surviving hull remains. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caroline Hartse.

The Japanese village of Yama, located on Bainbridge Island, Washington, U.S.A., was occupied from the 1880s-1920s.  Yama contained approximately 250 people, and many residents worked at the Port Blakely Lumber Mill.  Using a transnational framework, I present analysis and interpretation of gender at the community of Yama and implications for a comparative and collaborative approach to the study of gender in the field of Japanese diaspora archaeology.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen R Boyle.

The Vasa was designed to be an extension of the King’s court. This would mean that the court structure would be transferred to the Vasa itself when at sea with the King on board. Although a big ship for the time, transferring a full court system with all the accompanying entourage to the Vasa would lead to a very complicated social structure in a surprisingly small area. The Great Cabin, the officers cabin, the decks where the crew slept, ate and socialised as well as the hold where the ships...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julia M. Herbst.

This is an abstract from the "Shipwrecks and the Public: Getting People Engaged with their Maritime History" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In 2015, the remains of an early 19th-century schooner were discovered below Bathurst Street and Fort York Boulevard in downtown Toronto, during the construction of the CityPlace neighborhood. The wreck, located alongside the remains of the Queen’s Wharf, was excavated and relocated to Fort York National...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kad Henderson. Tiago Miguel Fraga.

The wrecks Nuestra Señora del Rosario y Santiago Apostol and the Santo Antonio de Tanná are the remains of two late 17th century Iberian warships. Both ships were constructed in colonial shipyards and were both lost in harbors of their nation’s colonies. These two ships were built to defend the colonial interests of Spain and Portugal respectively. The ships are of nearly identical size, carried the same number of cannon, and are both constructed of tropical hardwoods in the Iberian-Atlantic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Clinton P Brooks.

There are multiple issues that must be addressed during the archaeological conservation of iron cannon from underwater environments. Due to their size and weight they are difficult to transport and handle, and their size means that the cost of materials for conservation is high. The diversification of cannon types in the 19th century necessitates highly accurate documentation and recording to insure correct identification of type. This paper outlines the methods used for the recording,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catherine J Brandon.

The explicit use of adult learning theory should help align the goals of the pubic and of public archaeology. The programs reviewed included 1560’s Spanish fort, 1630’s coastal settlement, early 1800’s presidential plantation, and a Shaker village and were an academic field-school, state-funded site, private foundation, and business venture. Three senior archaeologists at each program answered a ten-question survey about public archaeology (definitions, goals, site selection) and educational...