Society for Historical Archaeology 2013

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa Machado.

Virginia City, Nevada was a thriving mining boomtown in the late nineteenth century. Saint Mary’s Hospital provided quality health care to the citizens of Virginia City from 1875 to 1897. Administered by the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, this private medical institution was greatly influenced by the Catholic Church. Considering its pivotal role as both a religious and social institution, the hospital site can provide great insights into the civic life of a community that was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Martin J Read.

  The Cattewater Wreck was the first wreck to be protected by the UK Government and was partially excavated in the 1970s. The Tudor wreck is believed to be an unidentified armed merchantman. The Cattewater Wreck Archive Project, funded by English Heritage, recently improved the long term care and management of the archive held in Plymouth City Museum. Modern tools and techniques have been applied to the archive, such as stable isotope analysis of fish remains, allowing new interpretations to be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John D. Richards. Patricia B. Richards.

Encouraged by earlier emigrants as well as boosterism by steamship companies, some 60,000 Belgians immigrated to the United States before 1900. A particularly dense concentration of Walloon speakers settled the southern portion of Wisconsin’s Door Peninsula and by 1860 over 60% of this area was Belgian owned. Today, the area harbors the largest concentration of Belgian-American vernacular architecture in North America and is remarkable for the presence of well-preserved agrarian landscapes as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Pruitt. Benjamin Skolnik.

Much has been written about 18th and 19th century American and European formal plantation landscapes and gardens.  Traditional interpretations of these spaces have relied on notions of power, hierarchy, and surveillance—which come from the ideals of the plantation owners. Mark Leone illustrates this with his work at the Paca House in Annapolis, Maryland.  However, as Dell Upton argues, those of European and African descent would have approached these landscapes in vastly different ways and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cleia Detry. Simon Davis.

Portugal has undergone profound changes since the time of the so-called "Discoveries" in the 16th century when new continents were discovered and trade with other countries was intensified. New species were introduced and new strategies of animal husbandry were adopted to adapt to new global and local changes in demography and economy. Zooarchaeology is used in this presentation to show how social change in the Portuguese Modern period can be seen. We study sites including 16th century Crestelos...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ladislav Capek.

This paper deals with the changing structure of rural settlement in the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period in South Bohemia. At this time there occurred a transformation process in existing village settlement as result of reduction and restructuring of  settlements. The Early Modern Period brought a qualitative change  in the organization, and growth in the use, of land. This process can be well documented on a few examples of rural settlement of several nobles' domains in South Bohemia....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Philip J Carstairs.

Soup kitchens emerged in nineteenth century Britain and America as part of the pattern of industrialisation and urban expansion, although the tradition of such charitable provision is a good deal more ancient.  Significant factors in the development of these charities were urban expansion and mass immigration from Eastern Europe and Ireland.   Almost all the buildings that accommodated such soup kitchens have disappeared, either having been demolished or been converted to other uses.  This paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Schuyler.

Charles K. Landis (1833-1900), a Victorian Period lawyer and realator, was an important factor in transforming the landscape of southern New Jersey. Over a quarter of a century he founded (with Richard J. Byrnes) Hammonton (1857) and Vineland (1861), two successful new agricutltural communities, and in 1881, Sea Isle City, a Jersey shore resort. He attempted during this period to also set up his own county and county seat, Landisville, but that political goal failed. The impact of Landis and his...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Titta Kallio-Seppä. Timo Ylimaunu. Juho-Antti Junno. Paul R. Mullins. Tiina Väre. Matti Heino. Annamari Tranberg. Sanna Lipkin. Markku Niskanen. Rosa Vilkama. Sirpa Niinimäki. Saara Tuovinen.

This poster will present the initial analysis of several hundred mummies recovered from a series of Ostrobothnian churches.  The bioarchaeology project by the University of Oulu, Finland analyzed the mummified burials interred underneath the church floors in late-medieval and early modern Sweden.  The poster will examine the mummified burials and the material culture of churches as a single assemblage illuminating the transformation in a late-medieval and early modern Nordic worldview.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marie Louise Sorensen. Chris Evans. Tânia M Casimiro.

Cambridge University archaeologists have, since 2006, understaken rescue excavations at the historical Portuguese slave transhipment centre of Cidade Velha, Cape Verde. These new World Heritage Site excavations have revealed several structures related to domestic, public and religious functions, such as a church (and its early graveyard), hospital and the town's possible Customs House. From these hundreds of finds were recovered, including glass, metals and pottery. The latter is the most...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Craig Cessford.

From c. 1760 onwards the colleges and other component elements of the University of Cambridge, England, regularly used ceramics marked with the names of colleges and the cooks who worked for them. We know with absolute certainty where many of these ceramics were principally employed, during dining in the hall of the college. This information, combined with their known depositional contexts, allows us to consider such ceramics as a form of archaeological ‘tracer dye’, whereby the circulation of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Wade Catts. David G. Orr.

Historian Jeremy Black described the War for American Independence as a new kind of war, a transoceanic conflict between a European homeland and its descendants fighting for independence, and one where the concept of citizens under arms played a primary role. Over the last several decades archeologists have investigated the campsites, battlefields, fortifications, and supply points of this conflict. The societies which fielded the armies dictated the character of their military formations,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lotte E. Govaerts.

Located in the Blue Ridge Mountains in Western North Carolina, the Asheville Basin did not see its first permanent Euro-American settlement until the 1780s.  Over the following century, a relatively isolated mountain community transformed into the prosperous city of Asheville.  This evolution was shaped by factors such as local climate and landscape in combination with diverse regional, national, and global influences such as increased industrialization, technological innovations, changing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachael R M Kiddey.

Archaeological analysis of successive ‘home’ spaces created by homeless people enables the documentation of increased privatisation and surveillance within the cities of Bristol and York and reveals the divisive effect they have on social interactions. Using maps, photographs and oral testimonies from homeless people, this paper examines how ‘home’ spaces are grilled off and monitored and asks what this means for the future of ‘public’ spaces. Through subtle negotiations with gatekeepers and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only LouAnn Wurst.

Class is probably the most confused and contested concept wielded in the social sciences.  Perceptions run a wide gamut: from class as the single most important aspect of the American experience, one that has seldom been seriously contemplated or explored; to ideas that class is a stale, outdated, or dead concept,  irrelevant to a sustained understanding of the modern world or the past that gave rise to it.  These contradictory ideas are evidence that class has been defined and utilized in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Cranstone.

Panhouse saltrmaking, using coal fuel and large iron pans, was one of the first industrial-scale manufacturing processes.  Its origins, in Scotland in the 15th century, can be traced to a combination of British coal-mining and -burning expertise with Scandinavian ironmaking technology; the possible role of Cistercian monastic organisation in this process will also be explored.  These developments formed an important stage in the development of coal-based industrialisation in its its wider...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Guiry.

In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the Pool Plantation at Ferryland, Newfoundland was a major commercial fishing port and regional seat of power. Turbulence during the Anglo-French wars (1689-1713) resulted in the destruction of the settlement. Though the site is rich in archaeology, little evidence exists to explore how these events changed the community’s physical, economic, and social infrastructure. This poster describes an approach to identifying patterns in past land-use by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nick F Brannon.

As with many Irish towns, Coleraine commemorates the 400th anniversary of its borough status in 2013. Born of Patrician myth origins, there was evident medieval settlement, its inland port (despite access issues) being central to its success. Re-invented in the early 1600s, under James I’s ‘Plantation’ of Ulster, the Renaissance street pattern survives. Urban myths, perpetuated by the Irish Society, as to Coleraine’s imported English flat-pack timber housing frames are exploded; this is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kim Christensen.

Studies of reformers and the sites associated with them provide an opportunity to examine how people in the past sought to better their world and in turn, powerfully connect to contemporary efforts to reform society.  In this paper, I detail the collaborative archaeological projects undertaken at two sites associated with female reformers – Matilda Joslyn Gage and May Cheney – noting the ways in which non-hierarchical, feminist-inspired research practices were employed in attempts to connect...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dean Saitta.

It has been five years since The Archaeology of Collective Action was published in UPF’s "American Experience" series. This paper summarizes the purpose of the book and reflects on the dozen or so reviews that appeared in a wide variety of publications.  It also describes the "reviewer polarization" that was produced when the essence of the book was distilled and packaged for inclusion in an edited volume on the evolutionary dynamics of cooperative behavior.  This polarization forced...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Per Cornell.

Looking at the colonial, the intricacy of the associated encounters cannot be avoided. While violence and oppression almost always play a major role, there are also intricate processes, in which the results are manifold and far beyond the intent of the colonizer. In this paper, a number of examples will be addressed, ranging from Late Mediterranean Iron Age contexts to European Early Modern colonial projects in the Americas. Questions of temporality and general time are of major importance;...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colin Rynne.

This an interdisciplinary (history/archaeology) study of the colonial landscapes created by Richard Boyle (1566-1643), the 1st Earl of Cork, in 17th -century Munster, Ireland. Viewed by his contemporaries and by subsequent scholars as an exemplary English planter who, above all his contemporaries, best realised the aims of the Munster Plantation by forging a model English Protestant ‘commonwealth’ on his estates, this study will examine - and question - the extent of his achievement. Utilising...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Honora Sullivan-Chin.

Today, the former homeplace of William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois is a National Historic Landmark administered by the University of Massachusetts Amherst, which assumed stewardship of the property in 1987 after more than seventy years of relative abandonment. Nondescript and overgrown, the space appears to be little more than a vacant parking lot and accompanying sign alongside Route 23 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Indeed, ongoing efforts to commemorate Du Bois and to interpret the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donald B Adamson.

This paper considers the archaeology of cattle droving in mid-Sutherland and also Cowal and West LochLomondside. It focuses on the period immediately before the widespread introduction of sheep, the dispossession of many of the sub-tenants, and the application of Improvement thinking in relation to agriculture. As such, it covers the period between 1720 and 1820. It argues that cattle droving was a sign of the growing commercialisation of the Scottish Highlands, in a Gaelic society that was far...

DOCUMENT Citation Only W. Stephen McBride. Kim A. McBride.

Following the tragic expulsion of four hundred African-American women and children from Camp Nelson, KY in November 1864, of which 102 died, these refugees were allowed to return and the ‘Home for Colored Refugees’ was constructed.  This expulsion also led to the emancipation of these refugees by the Congressional Act of March 3, 1865.  By the summer of 1865 this ‘Home’ housed over 3000 former slaves who lived in a variety of housing, including duplex cottages, tents, dormitories, and home-made...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Belford.

This poster describes a recent community archaeology project in Telford, a new town created in the 1960s. The project began in 2010 and continues to 2014, and involves a wide range of community groups and others. Fieldwork focusses on the 'Town Park', a large area of public open space that contains a number of previously unexplored remains associated with 19th and 20th century industrialisation and de-industrialisation. So far the project has explored 19th century workers' housing, a 19th...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marley Brown III.

Recent comparative scholarship by historians of Anglo-American slavery has emphasized the dynamic relationship between statute law and social practice, particularly as this relationship bears on such issues as economic agency, resistance to enslavement, and collective identity.  This paper revisits selected quarter sites excavated in Tidewater Virginia  in view of the material life of enslaved Bermudians during the eighteenth century.  Recent discoveries at a c. 1720-1860 domestic site in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynsey A. Bates.

Tracing the relationship between the development of plantation landscapes and the people who interacted with, altered and maintained those landscapes provides a constructive approach to comparatively analyze slavery across divergent spatial and temporal contexts. The plantation system in Atlantic World contexts required that estate owners create a suite of strategies that maximized labor, time and space to make cash crop production profitable. To address this issue, this paper investigates two...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrice L Jeppson. Kamelia Aryafar. Ali Shokoufandeh.

Computer vision technologies will someday reconstruct our ceramics for us. This paper considers the implications of one new development toward that end – a computer-employed 'appearance analysis' that automates the classification of ceramic fragments. This technology, which forms a first step in virtual ceramic reconstructions, parallels the typological ordering archaeologists traditionally employ when mending vessels and pursuing cultural understandings. On a prosaic level, the automated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dr. Abhay Kumar.

The Concept of Humanity of Gautam Buddha in the context of Cultural Ethos   Human being is a social entity. It is the virtue of human beings to not to contaminate the atmosphere of the society. The control over the evil thoughts of jealousy, contempt, forgery etc is the supreme service offered to this society. As the godly qualities like love and co-operation can only prevent the defame and disallow laziness and greed, these need to be incorporated in our or human behaviour. These are the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gavin Lucas.

This paper explores the process of ruination in terms of networks and channels of dispersal; how the materiality of a whole village is stripped by various agencies which move things along. Drawing especially on recent work in human geography and new mobility and materiality turn, this study takes an industrial fishing village on an island in the bay of Reykjavík to examine the processes and conduits through which the village is de-materialized. The village was established at the beginning of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Harold Mytum.

The relationships displayed through actions and monuments within a graveyard are numerous. This study examines the relationships between the living and the dead, between monuments and monuments and with the wider landscape, and different categories of the living who visit the graveyard. It is possible to investigate the powerful symbolic, textual, physical and intra-site landscape connections and avoidances to reveal the ways in which these places, monuments, the dead, and the living were all...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael P Roller.

Anthropologist John Connerton’s brief essay "Seven Kinds of Forgetting" provides a foundation and touchstone for recent explorations in the study of memory and modernity. Rhizomatic in nature, the essay succeeds in opening up, and also fragmenting, explorations of memory spanning a broad theoretical spectrum of critical, materialist and culturalist approaches. This essay adapts, critiques and expands upon Connerton’s notions of memory using the example of memory and forgetting in the subsequent...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zoe Crossland.

This paper looks at the ways in which history and memory were involved in the expansion of the early 19th century 'Merina' state of highland Madagascar. In his conquests of neighboring territories King Andrianampoinimerina gave history to some of his new subjects, and took it away from others. In considering how this played out I explore the implications for how we understand history and historicity, and for examining archaeology's relationship to history.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Stika.

Through conservation and analysis, artifacts from USS Westfield’s collection contribute significantly to the cultural history of the American Civil War. The sinking of USS Westfield on January 1, 1863 in Galveston Bay, Texas, effectively ended the Union’s ability to dominate Texas’ coastal waters until the end of the war. The disarticulated remnants of Westfield left in Galveston Bay lay subject to almost 150 years of erosion, dredging efforts, and salvage until the US Army Corps of Engineers...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Craig N. Cipolla.

For many decades, archaeologists treated European-manufactured material culture recovered from Native American sites as straightforward indicators of cultural loss. Contemporary Native American historical archaeologies take a different tack, placing patterns of consumption on center stage. Rather than typifying European-manufactured material culture as a reflection (or a juggernaut) of cultural change in Native North America, these new approaches use such assemblages to address the nuances of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeleine A. Gunter.

European alloy copper artifacts are frequently found in sixteenth and seventeenth-century Native American archaeological sites across Virginia and North Carolina. Smith and Hally (2014) ask a simple yet important question about these items: How were they obtained by Native Americans? While historical documents suggest possible mechanisms for European copper distribution (including trade and tribute), the most important clues about these objects come from their archaeological contexts. This study...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Monika I. Therrien.

The Spanish settlement of Santafe de Bogota is examined from a basic standpoint, that of the concept of corography introduced by the Spanish Monarchy as a means to gain control of the ever expanding Empire. Corography became the instrument through which Spaniards came to recognize the new environment and the people that inhabited it, but always from their own point of view. In this ongoing project, the concept is reintroduced through the analysis of material culture evidences (geological,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Scott.

Spain's first contact with Pecos Pueblo occurred in 1541 when Francisco Coronado besiege the site. Formal trade began about 1590 and continued until the Pueblo was abandoned in the 1830s.  Spain's entrada in northern New Mexico superceded a vibrant trade with the Plains Apached and Comanche that had been on-going for over 150 years prior to contact.  A intense metal detecting sampling suvery of selected areas of Pecos National Historical Park resulted in the finding of over 1350 metal targets....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Roger Crook.

The Coronation, a 90-gun second rate, is a protected wreck site off Plymouth. In 1691 she foundered in a violent gale. Like the majority of protected wrecks in the UK, there is a wealth of history and archaeology to be gleaned most often by archaeologists. To regular sports divers, the 61 in the UK have often been deemed off limits, encouraging the notion of "ivory towers academics". Not any longer: Ginge Crook, the licensee of the site, has significantly changed this attitude in just...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandre Monteiro. Jennifer Rodrigues.

In 1816 the Portuguese "galera" ´Correio da Azia´ was sailing from Lisbon to China "against weather, seas and wind, fire, shallows and coastal dangers and errors of maps". Carrying general cargo and more than 107.000 silver coins, the ship was never to reach its destination: on November, the 26th, she struck an uncharted reef off what was then New Holland and was hopelessly lost. After a failed salvaged attempt in 1817, the loss of the ship quietly slipped into the History until its story was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Keith Stephenson. George Wingard.

In 1845 industrialist William Gregg incorporated the Graniteville Manufacturing Company. Located in Edgefield District’s Horse Creek Valley, Gregg’s model community centered on a textile mill built of local blue granite. The mill grounds contained extensive lawn gardens, trimmed gravel sidewalks, and spouting water fountains. The community included two churches, academy, hotel, stores, boarding-houses, and cottages. All buildings were constructed from local pine in the Gothic Revival style....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary C Petrich-Guy. Jeff Marks.

Cultural Resource Management, or CRM, accounts for most of the archaeology conducted in the United States but due to a number of varying factors such as budget, time, location, and legal constraints, public engagement initiated by private archaeological firms remains the exception and not the norm. The scope of work is often limited to adhering to the legal mandates prescribed to firms by federal and state governing bodies. CRM companies can take approaches to ensure that the public is informed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan E. Edwards. Rebecca S. Graff.

In 1893 Chicago hosted an event that brought the entire world– and it’s foods– together in the space of an ephemeral ‘white city’.  The World’s Columbian Exposition– America’s showcase for the possibilities of an increasingly globalized, modern world– was itself taking place in an uneasily globalizing and modernizing city. The aim here is to access something of the texture of one very intimate aspect of personal life in the midst of such transition– in the consumption of and reaction to food by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian M Cundy. Mark W Holley.

For the past two years the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) in the UK, in partnership with the underwater archaeology program at Northwestern Michigan College (NMC) in the USA, has run a field school in and around Lake Michigan focusing on maritime archaeology.  These events have drawn students from across North America and Europe by providing a wide range of specialty training courses not found elsewhere in the region.  A substantial amount of original research has been generated from these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexis Morris.

              This poster explores the effects of colonial influence on the diet of enslaved Africans through a study of James Fort in The Gambia. The research emphasizes the historical material in the collection as opposed to Eurocentric accounts. Analysis of the fauna at James Fort indicates that enslaved populations on the island were able to sustain their culture despite the introduction of European foodways. Methodologies included in this analysis of fauna through observing the frequency,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chantal Radimilahy.

Cultural heritage, tangible and intangible, distinguishes a nation. Culture is patent in everyday life, through the various activities that man performs, language, traditions, rituals, beliefs it conveys, all the objects he uses. With modernity and globalization, this heritage, its history and memory, is greatly endangered and degrades rapidly. Among different reasons such as ignorance, indifference, destruction, theft, illicit trafficking of cultural property, natural disasters, failure in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Finch. Douglas Armstrong.

As part of a wider project in Barbados and the UK, archival research, fieldwalking, and remote sensing have been carried out at Mount Plantation, Barbados. It was selected on its potential for two related research directions.  First, to yield data related to the 17C transition to a sugar economy.  Second, a  study of created and transformed landscapes owned by the Lascelles family in Barbados and Yorkshire (UK).  The archaeological investigation of Mount has the potential to yield significant...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole R Bucchino.

Dubbed the "Gloucester of the Gulf," Pensacola and Northwest Florida experienced a tremendous growth in the popularity and success of local commercial fishing in the years following the Civil War.  Entrepreneurial fishermen arriving in Pensacola from New England fueled a massive market for Gulf of Mexico fish, constructing what would become the last all sail-powered commercial fleet in the country.  The connection between  the region’s Reconstruction-era industry and the natural environment in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Simon D Smith. Martin Forster.

This study estimates agency's impact on the efficiency of sugar plantations using a panel data set compiled from St Vincent and the Grenadines' crop accounts and slave registry returns. Previous work suggests that agency resulted from absenteeism and exerted a large, negative influence on estate efficiency. This contribution uses stochastic frontier models for panel data to estimate the impact of agency while controlling for crop mix, locational variables, and the size of the estate.   Analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luke J. Pecoraro.

This poster illustrates an enhanced comparative approach to understanding colonial projects by using the archaeological biography of Daniel Gookin Jr. (1612-1685), an important but relatively unknown figure involved in English plantation projects in Ireland, Virginia, Maryland, and Massachusetts.  The study of individual biography provides a framework from which to better situate archaeological sites of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake in the greater Atlantic world.  Through creating a broader...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Armstrong. Christian Williamson. Alan Armstrong. Lauren Silverstein.

Archaeology at a Danish colonial merchant's residence in Charlotte Amalie projects the complex yet distinct array of consumer goods available in a 19th century Danish Caribbean port town.  The walled compound housed a series of 19th and early 20th merchants/bankers and their household servants.  This study explores the intersection of micro and macro history as it assesses the material and documentary record of the site.  The house and its furnishings were selected for commemorative photo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matteo Lorenzini. Pier Giorgio Spanu.

The application of 3D technologies to archaeological research has been the subject of intense experimentation carried out by different scientific groups. Activity has focused in particular on the use of tools for the acquisition and  reconstruction of 3D archaeological features or sites. So far researchers' interest has been aimed mainly at the exploitation of the potential of 3D technologies for virtual reality and the visualization of archaeological features and artifacts, for which many good...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matt Law. Andrew Dufton. Stu Eve. Tom Goskar. Patrick Hadley. Jess Ogden. Daniel Pett. Lorna J Richardson.

Day of Archaeology (http://www.dayofarchaeology.com) is an annual event which offers a view of the working day of archaeologists worldwide, and answers the question "what do archaeologists do?" On the first event, on July 29th 2011, over 400 people working, studying or volunteering in archaeology contributed blog posts describing their day. The published text is not scripted by the organisers, and only minimally edited. The resulting website presents a behind-the-scenes view of archaeology that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hilda E. Maclean. Megan E. Springate.

The coffin was the centerpiece of the Victorian-era funeral and the most expensive material purchase made by the family or friends of the deceased. As with all events played out in public, the coffin was subject to the dictates of fashion. Beginning with the origins of mass-produced coffin furniture in eighteenth century England, this paper explores two divergent histories of coffin decoration through the Victorian era. An analysis of materials recovered from Brisbane, Australia looks at...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rui Gomes Coelho.

After the formal independence of the Portuguese African colonies between 1974 and 1975, massive numbers of Europeans and settlers of European descent moved to Portugal in one of the most rapid migrations of the century.  This traumatic experience and the problems of redefining a national identity led to the continuous reproduction of an imperial imagination in the old metropolis, but this time without colonies. In this paper I will discuss how old and new urban spaces such as small shops, cafés...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Church.

In 2007, archaeologists with C & C Technologies published a debris distribution model from data collected during a Deep Shipwreck Project with the former U.S. Minerals Management Service.  The researchers have continued to refine the formula with additional shipwreck information.  Studying the Gulfoil site at a depth of 534 meters BSL, as part of the Reefs, Rigs and Wrecks Program illustrated that a large portion of associated wreck debris fell outside the predictive distribution model and more...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Westrick. Daniel Warren. Robert Church. Leila Hamdan. Lisa A. Fitzgerald. Melanie Damour. Christopher Horrell. James D. Moore III. Roy Cullimore. Lori Johnston.

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico caused substantial perturbations within the coastal and marine environments.  In 2013, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and other partners initiated a multidisciplinary study to examine the effects of the spill on deepwater shipwrecks.  This poster presents an overview of the ongoing research into the microbial biodiversity and corrosion processes at wooden and metal-hulled shipwrecks within and outside the spill area.  This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott MacEachern.

The extension of European rule into the southern Lake Chad Basin was one phase in a process of impingement into the area of globalising systems of power and connection that began centuries earlier. It contributed to the disruption of indigenous systems of regional domination, but took place sporadically, especially in the rugged and densely populated terrain of the Mandara Mountains. One significant episode in that process was the First World War siege of a German military unit along the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan M Haller. Ashley M Morton.

In 2014 Fort Walla Walla Museum performed a cultural resource survey of the City Hall Parking Lot in downtown Walla Walla, Washington. Archival research, namely Sanborn fire insurance maps, revealed this location to be a major locus of activity including a Chinatown from 1888 and up to around 1905. While Sanborn maps indicate an area in which many Overseas and American-born Chinese lived and ran businesses, other sources like city directories and federal census records show Walla Walla's...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin E. Eichelberger.

The presence of beverage alcohol containers and smoking pipes recovered from Fort Yamhill and Fort Hoskins is undeniable evidence for the consumption of such indulgence items at these two military posts.  The historical and archival record is not only laden with evidence of this behavior but also suggests that these forts were punctuated by periods of the institutional acceptance and prohibition concerning the consumption of alcohol.  The spatial distribution of the alcohol related artifacts...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael B Thomin.

Geocaching is a world-wide scavenger hunt game where players try to find hidden containers by using GPS coordinates of their location posted online. Activities like geocaching offer organizations a great opportunity to promote cultural resources and provide interpretation to players. In 2011 the Florida Public Archaeology Network created a geocaching trail, or geotrail, highlighting historic and archaeological sites in Northwest Florida as a way to promote heritage tourism in the region....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Cobb. Chester B. DePratter.

The establishment of the Carolina colony in AD 1670 prompted a series of population movements toward Charleston among numerous Native American peoples eager to exchange slaves and hides with English colonials. In microcosm, this is a precursor and embodiment of the population flows associated with globalization today. We consider how diasporic movements between Indigenous home territories and the Carolina frontier established a pattern of what James Clifford has referred to as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan A. Hodges. Kassandra B. Wines. Raynor M. Sebring. Molly M. Trosch. M'Elise F. Salomon. Elizabeth I. Parker. Megan A. Hickey. Anthony M. Cahusac. Lauren T. Greaves. Dorothy H. Trigg.

This poster displays the data found from a phase 1 archaeological survey of a mid-19th century plantation kitchen in Salem, Virginia. The survey was conducted in 2014 by students in Dr. Kelley Deetz's archaeology of slavery course at Roanoke college as well as Tom Klatka from Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Data shows a thick kitchen midden and the artifacts highlight plantation life in the Roanoke Valley. This project is on the Roanoke College campus and will develop into a public...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tori Falck.

In 2007 The Norwegian Maritime Museum changed their method of documenting archaeological ship finds to 3D contact digitising using FARO-arm and Rhino software. In 2008 13 ship finds were uncovered at the so called Barcode site in the old harbour of Oslo. In this paper the focus will be on one of these boats, namely the Barcode 6. This boat find (AD 1595) is particularly suitable for generating a discussion around methodological aspects of digital documentation in that it has undergone many...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexis K Ohman. Catherine C Davis.

Betty’s Hope was a sugar plantation that operated from 1664 through 1944 in Antigua, West Indies. For the majority of that time it was owned by the Codrington family, who were already prominent in the Caribbean due to their success in enhancing the sugar industry in Barbados. This trend continued when they moved to Antigua to take possession of Betty’s Hope in 1671. Since 2007, archaeological investigations have revealed much about the plantation. Current research has turned to digital...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jaroslava M Pallas. Sarah Beste.

This poster presents preliminary analysis of the recently cleaned and catalogued faunal remains from one of the features of the Detroit Renaissance excavation as part of the Unearthing Detroit project at Wayne State University. Unearthing Detroit began as a project to "excavate" our own storage room Grosscup Museum collection. The faunal remains from a privy unit feature from Section J, Level 1 will be focus of analysis. The analysis includes cleaning and preservation methods, examining...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Janelle Harrison.

The NOAA Ship Fairweather is a hydrographic survey vessel that collects multi-beam bathymetry and side scan sonar data to produce today’s nautical charts which aid in the safe navigation of vessels along the Coast of Alaska, through the Bering Sea and into the Arctic Region. These types of cutting edge technologies are not only used to produce nautical charts, but are also methods utilized in nautical archaeology to discover historic shipwrecks. This paper discusses the findings and methods used...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Roger Smith.

Discussion

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jane Webster.

More than 100 million people were enslaved in the millennium during which the Roman Empire rose and was eclipsed, yet the lives of Roman slaves are still generally assumed to be archaeologically inaccessible. Classical archaeologists view slavery almost entirely through the lens of the Roman literary tradition, and through the work of ancient historians who have drawn on that tradition. This paper will suggest that whilst the material strategies of Roman slaves might be hard to isolate, they are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barbara Heath.

Cowrie shells (Cypraea moneta and Cypraea annulus) have been found in historic contexts associated with African enslavement on New World sites in the Caribbean, the American South, the Middle Atlantic, and the Northeast. Historical archaeologists have come to see these tiny shells as generally indicative of African presence and as specific evidence of spirituality at the sites where they are recovered. In this paper, I examine the role of cowrie shells in the global economies of the 17th, 18th,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Greig Parker.

French immigrant refugees were a large and recognisable segment of the population of Early Modern London. Contemporary accounts indicate that they possessed a distinct and recognisable language, style of dress, and religion. In addition, they were seen to have been employed in specific occupations and of having lived in particular areas. Yet, the excavated and documentary evidence for their ownership of domestic material culture shows, for the most part, few differences between French immigrants...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Garry Momber. Julie Satchell.

The Solent area has been witness to many hundreds of shipwrecks. The most significant of these are protected. Each wreck presents different challenges when managing and preserving the remains. Over the last two decades the Hampshire and Wight Trust for Maritime Archaeology has been working with licensees to record the wrecks and bring information to the public. The results have included the creation of displays, videos, publications and a web geoportal. Two wrecks that have been a particular...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane E. Wallman. Jerome S. Handler.

The eastern Caribbean islands of Barbados and Martinique, formerly British and French colonies, early developed into lucrative sugar-producing territories. Despite the harsh labor demands of plantation slavery on both islands, during their free time, particularly over the weekends, slaves participated in insular domestic economies. This involved activities (e.g., small-scale farming, fishing, collecting wild foods and animals, craft production) whose products were consumed by households or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Harris. Jonathan Moore.

The largely intact wreck of HMS Investigator provides a unique opportunity to study the remains of a 19th-century Royal Navy ship of polar exploration. Purchased into the Navy in 1848 while still building on the stocks as a merchant vessel, Investigator was comprehensively modified for Arctic Service at Blackwall under the supervision of William Rice, Master Shipwright at Woolwich Dockyard. These modifications focussed mainly on reinforcing the hull to better withstand the destructive forces...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matteo Lorenzini. Pier Giorgio Spanu.

The availability of detailed environmental data has fueled a rapid increase in predictive modeling of archaeological landscapes and geographic distributions of archaeological evidence allowing the use of a variety of standard statistical techniques. In this paper we introduce the application of statistical and entropical methods in the geo-spatial analysis of the Sinis peninsula in the Gulf of Oristano, as investigated by the university of Sassari.The project was characterized by the use of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Eric Deetz.

The colonists at Jamestown arrived in Virginia with a variety of experiences and skill sets.  The architectural remains of the early period at James Fort have been interpreted as the remnants of Mud and Stud, a traditional building technique used in the clay lands of England and one that persisted in the eastern fenlands of Lincolnshire well Into the nineteenth century. This type of building was considered by Eric Mercer to be somewhere between the earth and timber frame traditions.  The author...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren R. Hosek.

This paper will examine how 22 burials, labeled "deviant" due to their unusual burial positions, fit into the social context of early medieval Bohemia. Libice nad Cidlinou is a large fortified settlement site in what is now the Czech Republic. Multiple excavations have uncovered a cemetery dating from the late 9th through early 10th centuries and consisting of 212 graves. Of these, 22 deviate from the normal extended burial position. The unusual burials have been analyzed using a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Casey.

Pottery manufacturing in Sydney produced a mixture of decorated and utilitarian products.  This paper focuses on pottery manufactured by Thomas Ball (c1801-1823) and a few fine examples by John Moreton and an unidentified potter.  Thomas Ball was an early potter in Sydney, an emancipated convict who trained in Staffordshire and was tried for his unknown crimes in Warwickshire.  He arrived in Sydney in 1799 and was soon operating a pottery (c1801-1823) in the Brickfields.  Analysis of over 625 kg...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joe P Nunan.

The benefits that attracted the East India Company and its associates to the Bandon River area were the availability of land, cheap rents, and cheaper timber. Land and timber were valuable commodities. It was principally the growing English maritime and iron industries that took advantage of this resource. The Bandon River was one of the regions where the supply of timber was adequate to justify the introduction of the blast furnace and related works. Settlement and industry provided in varying...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James R Dixon.

Looking to urban life in the recent past, present and future, conventional archaeological chronologies are of less relevance than in deeper history. Instead, we might replace ordered time with duration, time-as-experienced, in our analyses. However, if we want to look at the duration of individual events in the city, we run the risk of reducing our work to a point where it is essentially meaningless, considering single seconds in individual lives at the expense of a 'bigger picture'. This paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carl Carlson-Drexler.

The Atlantic World is usually used to focus on sites in the Chesapeake or other Eastern Seaboard loci of early settlement. By many reckonings, however, the Atlantic World endured well into the 19th century, and, if we take as a definition of the Atlantic World a focus on marine trade between the colonies and colonizers, then we must cast a much wider net. The earliest stages of settlement in the Trans-Mississippi South would certainly be included here. This paper explores the settlement of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erica A. D'Elia.

This paper examines the benefits of using archaeology to enhance children’s education. I use the children’s  programs run by the Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project as a case study to explore the relationship between archaeology and the development of critical thinking skills. In the United States education Standards and the 2002 No Child Left Behind Act have been widely criticized by educators who argue that it has led to shallow coverage of topics, one size fits all education, and teaching...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott A. Tucker.

Edward Rhodes was a seventeenth-century sailor involved in the English-Chesapeake tobacco trade. Little is known of his life, aside from a single, but extremely detailed document housed in the Bodleian library in Oxford. From 1670-1676, he kept a book describing his journeys back and forth across the Atlantic in four different ships, keeping information on daily positions and weather, but also functional aspects of trade, deaths aboard the ship, and other information as he saw fit. Daily...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dana Pertermann.

A comprehensive investigation concerning the relationship between the degradation of iron objects and electromagnetic geophysical signatures is desirable, considering the volume and variety of iron used in various societies. We propose creating iron oxides and investigating how iron oxides affect the electromagnetic signature of iron objects. Using electrolysis, iron rebar of known composition is oxidized at differing time intervals to determine levels of corrosion. Rebar will be analyzed using...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matilda H Duncker.

The presence of Egyptianizing designs in nineteenth century cemeteries can be attributed at least in part to the global reach of British politico-economic interest and the appropriation of ancient cultures that this facilitated. However, the presence of these forms within a heterogeneous monumental landscape that also included designs taken from an imagined national past and from Classical architecture encourages us to consider not only how Egyptianizing forms were encountered and developed by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jacob N. Pollock. Christopher Merritt.

In 1896, mine interests revived Tuscarora, a struggling busted silver town in Northeastern Nevada. With the incorporation of a new mining company, the consolidation of existing claims, and the construction of a technologically forward-thinking stamp mill, Tuscarora was primed for resurgence.  Like other mining districts in Nevada, the newly formed company needed energy to power its stamp mill, surface and underground lights and other mining ephemera, but they were faced with the remarkable lack...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ben Jervis.

Household inventories are an invaluable resource for identifying the range of objects which were present in the medieval home, but are not identified archaeologically. However, many items which are identified archaeologically are not regularly listed in these documents. Drawing on various relational approaches, it is my contention that rather than reflecting the inherent value of objects, inventories emerge as a set of relationships through which value was negotiated and maintained. I will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maggie L. Yancey.

During the Civil War, alcohol use and abuse took on a new life. Soldiers went on drunken rampages, civilians took "sprees" sometimes ending in death, the Union imposed a whiskey tax, and the Confederacy experimented with prohibition. But what did it really mean? From a general’s beloved brandy flask, and a southern lady’s wineglasses, to a disheartened soldier’s identifying himself as an empty cup, gendered attachments to the material culture of alcohol show how Civil War era Americans...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Hoffman. David Krop. Gerald Hanley.

In 1987, The Mariners’ Museum (TMM) became the official repository for all objects recovered from the wreck of the USS Monitor. Starting in the 90’s, The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) began recovering large portions of the ironclad, which led to the retrieval of engineer John Ericsson’s 20-ton steam engine in 2001. Over the last decade, the conservation process has enabled experts to collaborate and provide insight into where and how the engine was fabricated, how it...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanna A. Dabal.

In this paper the author presents three categories of imported ceramics: pottery, clay tobacco pipes and building materials (bricks and water pipes). The ceramics date from the 18th through to the beginning of 20th Century. All of the presented materials come from excavations in different areas of the city of Gdansk: Old Town, South Granary Island and the so-called Szafarnia.  The main aim of this presentation is to show how English tobacco pipes and pottery appeared in the market of Gdansk and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Harris.

Penetrating into the Western Arctic in 1850, HMS Investigator and its crew enjoyed initial success -- the charting of Prince of Wales Strait heralded at the time as the long-awaited discovery of the elusive Northwest Passage. A year later, however, the fortunes of the expedition would take a downward turn when Investigator was navigated into the confines of Mercy Bay and the regrettable decision was made to overwinter. The arrival of freeze-up would seal the fate of the ship, as it would remain...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Teija Oikarinen. Helena Karasti. Timo Ylimaunu.

Digital infrastructures (DIs) and related socio-technical research have been proposed as methods for analysing and informing the eScience era of archaeology. This research area offers a conceptual framework for researching technologies, such as the role of IT and its implications for archaeology. DI conceptualization of technology also recognizes the process of digitalization and sociotechnical dynamics in integrating technologies into expanding configurations. Archaeology can be observed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah M. Colley.

The NSW Archaeology Online (NSW AOL) Project (2009-13) is Co-Directed by Sarah Colley and Martin Gibbs and is the first sustainable digital archive of archaeological information developed in Australia. The project involves collaboration with the University of Sydney Library, the Archaeology of Sydney Research Group and local professional historical archaeologists with funding from a NSW state heritage grant. NSW AOL is configured to support full-text search and display and will soon provides...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Walter A. Clifford IV.

The Daniel Island site is a small-scale, multi-component settlement located northwest of Charleston, South Carolina. The contact-era occupation at Daniel Island consists of an Ashley phase farmstead with historical references tying the land to the Etiwan Indians. Cultural resource investigations indicated the presence of early Ashley phase (A.D. 1590-1620) and Late Ashley phase (A.D. 1620-1670) occupations ending prior to the founding of nearby Charles Towne in 1670. I investigate the absorption...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amalia Nuevo Delaunay.

European lifeways were introduced into  Argentinean Patagonia during the 19th century, thus joining this so-called "empty region" to the realm of the dominant global economic model. By the late 19th century, stockbreeding production started to spread over the area traditionally occupied by local indigenous people, thereby introducing significant changes to their lifestyle. Officially, indigenous peoples were to be settled into circumscribed reserves. However, some chose self-appointed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mélissa Burns.

In the last few decades, most gender studies have focused on women, creating a gap in the understanding of male-only societies. This paper will discuss the question of masculinity in archaeology through the case study of the migratory fishing room, Champs Paya. For almost 400 years, French fishermen left Brittany every spring to spend their summer fishing in northern Newfoundland. Once the salted-dried cod fishing season was over they returned to France to sell their cargo. During these four...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marc-André Bernier. Ryan Harris.

Prior to the Investigator’s abandonment in June 1853 much of its provisions, stores, and the ship’s boats were cached ashore. Shortly thereafter the crew loaded sledges with gear and rations for an eastward journey to other Royal Navy ships. Additional items were landed in May 1854 when the ship was revisited. Otherwise everything that had been on the ship was sealed-up under the hatches. During the 2011 survey a host of artefacts were found exposed on and around the ship’s hull, ice having...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rolf Loeber.

The paper summarizes the new architecture in three areas of Ireland during the early seventeenth century: the Ulster plantation, the Midland plantations, and the large areas outside of the plantations. A new but a distinct architecture of semi-fortified plantation houses emerged in this period. These houses sometimes had mannerist classical details of entrances, but usually no overall classical design. However, increasingly, the major plantation houses were set in impressive symmetrical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathalie Cazelles.

The situation in French Guiana was not the same as in the other French overseas territories (West Indies or Reunion Island) where sugar was grown. Here, visible remains of the colonial sugar and rum industries are hardly found. Only the foundations of factory buildings and domestic housing can still be seen, and today in French Guiana,  there is only one factory which is still producing rum. Furthermore, very little archaeological research has been undertaken on the territory's colonial period. ...