USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (PXAO)

DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

ACS performed a Class III (intensive) cultural resources inventory of approximately 34.4 acres of land located along Fossil Creek on the Coconino National Forest (CNF) in conjunction with the proposed construction of a fish barrier on Fossil Creek. The project area lies north of the confluence with the Verde River, on the west side of Fossil Creek, south of the Irving Power Plant site in the Mazatzal Mountains in central Arizona and includes the northern portion or the Mazatzal...

IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

ACS performed a Class III (intensive) cultural resources inventory of approximately 34.4 acres of land located along Fossil Creek on the Coconino National Forest (CNF) in conjunction with the proposed construction of a fish barrier on Fossil Creek. The project area lies north of the confluence with the Verde River, on the west side of Fossil Creek, south of the Irving Power Plant site in the Mazatzal Mountains in central Arizona and includes the northern portion or the Mazatzal...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Lisa Champagne.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

IMAGE Lisa Champagne. Chad Badorek.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Donald W. Jolly. Lourdes Aguila. Michael Droz. Teresa L. Hoffman.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Service, Ltd. (ACS) to complete a Class III cultural resources survey of 1,420 acres along the lower San Pedro River. Reclamation, in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, plans to acquire this land and designate it a conservation easement as mitigation for the destruction of riparian habitat during construction of the Central Arizona Project fish barriers. ACS conducted a Class III cultural resources survey of the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas Jones.

The Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation) partnered with the Fort McDowell Indian Community (FMIC) on the FMIC Irrigated Farmland Development Project to develop new agricultural fields in accordance with the stipulations set forth in the Fort McDowell Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act (Public Law 101-628). As part of the environmental mitigation for the loss of animal habitat near the Verde River, Reclamation acquired approximately 163 acres of land in Pima County,...

IMAGE Thomas Jones.

The Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation) partnered with the Fort McDowell Indian Community (FMIC) on the FMIC Irrigated Farmland Development Project to develop new agricultural fields in accordance with the stipulations set forth in the Fort McDowell Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act (Public Law 101-628). As part of the environmental mitigation for the loss of animal habitat near the Verde River, Reclamation acquired approximately 163 acres of land in Pima County,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas Jones. Maralee Wernz. Shirley Powell. Lourdes Aguila.

The Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation) partnered with the Fort McDowell Indian Community (FMIC) on the FMIC Irrigated Farmland Development Project to develop new agricultural fields in accordance with the stipulations set forth in the Fort McDowell Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act (Public Law 101-628). As part of the environmental mitigation for the loss of animal habitat near the Verde River, Reclamation acquired approximately 163 acres of land in Pima County,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Margerie Green. Paige Barlow.

The Superintendent of Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site (HUTR) requested that the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation) reidentify and reassess historic and prehistoric cultural remains that had been identified during previous surveys of the 160-acre historic site. The Superintendent also requested that a small sample survey be undertaken to help evaluate the accuracy of the previous surveys. On behalf of HUTR and the National Park Service (NPS), Reclamation...

IMAGE Margerie Green. Shirley Powell.

The Superintendent of Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site (HUTR) requested that the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation) reidentify and reassess historic and prehistoric cultural remains that had been identified during previous surveys of the 160-acre historic site. The Superintendent also requested that a small sample survey be undertaken to help evaluate the accuracy of the previous surveys. On behalf of HUTR and the National Park Service (NPS), Reclamation...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Shirley Powell. Bruce Phillips. Paige Barlow.

The Superintendent of Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site (HUTR) requested that the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation) reidentify and reassess historic and prehistoric cultural remains that had been identified during previous surveys of the 160-acre historic site. The Superintendent also requested that a small sample survey be undertaken to help evaluate the accuracy of the previous surveys. On behalf of HUTR and the National Park Service (NPS), Reclamation...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources (NNDWR), in conjunction with other Federal and local entities prepared and evaluated alternatives for improving water management, conservation, and distribution within the Ganado Irrigation System. The resulting recommendations are termed the Ganado Irrigation Water Conservation Project (GIWCP), whose purpose is to develop a system that will enable the efficient conveyance of irrigation water to farmland and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jerryll Moreno.

In the summers of 1979 and 1980, Arizona State University (ASU) conducted a cultural resources survey of Lake Pleasant Regional Park (LPRP) (Rice and Bostwick 1986). The completion of New Waddell Dam in 1993, increasing recreational development, and new park boundaries spurred the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) to survey the park. Reclamation performed the new survey on their land to fulfill their Section 110 requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act. Upon completion of the...

IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

In 2004, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) produced the Cultural Resources Management Plan for Lake Pleasant Regional Park to provide management recommendations to Maricopa County, AZ and the Bureau of Reclamation. The project synthesized information about the cultural resources in the park, and set forth policies and procedures to protect and manage them efficiently. The following images are selected photos taken during the course of the project. Please see image photo log...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

In 2004, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) produced the Cultural Resources Management Plan for Lake Pleasant Regional Park to provide management recommendations to Maricopa County, AZ and the Bureau of Reclamation. The project synthesized information about the cultural resources in the park, and set forth policies and procedures to protect and manage them efficiently. This document is the photo log for a series of photos during the course of this project. Please see the selected...

IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the San Xavier District of the Tohono O'odham Nation with the construction of an extension of the Central Arizona Project (CAP) pipeline on reservation lands along the Santa Cruz River. The pipeline corridor crosses Loci F and H of AZ BB:13:16(ASM), a Hohokam occupation zone with many pithouses and other structures, varied pits, trash areas, and possibly human remains. Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) provided the labor,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Margaret Glass.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the San Xavier District of the Tohono O'odham Nation with the construction of an extension of the Central Arizona Project (CAP) pipeline on reservation lands along the Santa Cruz River. The pipeline corridor crosses Loci F and H of AZ BB:13:16(ASM), a Hohokam occupation zone with many pithouses and other structures, varied pits, trash areas, and possibly human remains. Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) provided the labor,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Sara K. Hanan.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has identified approximately 4,514 acres of land for a Class III (intensive) cultural resource survey for Section 110 inventory purposes. The land was withdrawn for the Salt River Project (SRP) and is located within the Tonto National Forest (TNF), west of the lower Verde River, south of Bartlett Reservoir, and north of the Fort McDowell Mohave-Apache Indian Community. At the request of Reclamation, ACS conducted an intensive cultural resources survey...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Shirley Powell. Klara B. Kelley. Harris Francis. Karolyn Jackman. John Allison.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources (NNDWR), in conjunction with other Federal and local entities prepared and evaluated alternatives for improving water management, conservation, and distribution within the Ganado Irrigation System. The resulting recommendations are termed the Ganado Irrigation Water Conservation Project (GIWCP), whose purpose is to develop a system that will enable the efficient conveyance of irrigation water to farmland and...

IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources (NNDWR), in conjunction with other Federal and local entities prepared and evaluated alternatives for improving water management, conservation, and distribution within the Ganado Irrigation System. The resulting recommendations are termed the Ganado Irrigation Water Conservation Project (GIWCP), whose purpose is to develop a system that will enable the efficient conveyance of irrigation water to farmland and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Walter R. Punzmann.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) to conduct archaeological monitoring at the Aravaipa Apache Burial Site (BOR-ARV98-l) during construction of the Aravaipa fish barrier for the Central Arizona Project. ACS also conducted a supplemental cultural resources survey near the site. A staging area associated with the fish barrier was constructed within the boundaries of BOR-ARV98-1, in a previously disturbed area that was devoid of...

IMAGE M. McCurdy. S. Reichardt.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has identified approximately 4,514 acres of land for a Class III (intensive) cultural resource survey for Section 110 inventory purposes. The land was withdrawn for the Salt River Project (SRP) and is located within the Tonto National Forest (TNF), west of the lower Verde River, south of Bartlett Reservoir, and north of the Fort McDowell Mohave-Apache Indian Community. At the request of Reclamation, ACS conducted an intensive cultural resources survey...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

Under contract to the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a cultural resources overview of 37 entities (including seven tribal sectors, 21 water company service districts, and nine irrigation districts) that could receive new or additional water from a proposed reallocation of Central Arizona Project (CAP) water. The purpose of the overview was to provide Reclamation with an initial summary assessment of known and/or projected cultural...

IMAGE Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd..

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources (NNDWR), in conjunction with other Federal and local entities prepared and evaluated alternatives for improving water management, conservation, and distribution within the Ganado Irrigation System. The resulting recommendations are termed the Ganado Irrigation Water Conservation Project (GIWCP), whose purpose is to develop a system that will enable the efficient conveyance of irrigation water to farmland and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Caven P. Clark. Scott Crownover. Bruce G. Phillips.

This is the final report of the Cochran Survey project. The draft report can be found at the following link: https://core.tdar.org/document/393912 The Cochran Survey was administered over a period of 25 months, beginning in April 1998 and ending in May 2000. As funding became available delivery orders were submitted from the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) to Archaeological Consulting Services (ACS) to increase the survey coverage under their Section 110 mandate. Initially, the survey...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Walter R. Punzmann. William B. Kessel.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) directed Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) to survey and map an Apache site which maybe impacted by the construction of a staging area for a proposed Central Arizona Project fish barrier on Aravaipa Creek. The site was previously identified by a Reclamation archaeologist as containing a one-room cobble-walled structure, approximately 24 deflated rockpiles, at least two depressions, and a light artifact scatter. A consultation with Apache...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Margaret Glass. C. Scott Crownover. Bruce G. Phillips.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the San Xavier District of the Tohono O'odham Nation with the construction of an extension of the Central Arizona Project (CAP) pipeline on reservation lands along the Santa Cruz River. The pipeline corridor crosses Loci F and H of AZ BB:13:16(ASM), a Hohokam occupation zone with many pithouses and other structures, varied pits, trash areas, and possibly human remains. Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) provided the labor,...

IMAGE Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

Under contract to the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a Class III survey of two canal alignments variously identified as the historic Utah Ditch or Utah Canal. Reclamation's original delivery order was for one alignment, but because of questions as to the actual location of the Utah Ditch, the survey area was expanded to include a second suspected alignment. Extensive archival research was completed to document the history and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Karolyn Jackman Jensen.

Under contract to the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a Class III survey of two canal alignments variously identified as the historic Utah Ditch or Utah Canal. Reclamation's original delivery order was for one alignment, but because of questions as to the actual location of the Utah Ditch, the survey area was expanded to include a second suspected alignment. Extensive archival research was completed to document the history and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text C. Scott Crownover.

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) monitored backhoe excavations on the San Xavier District (San Xavier) of the Tohono O'odham Nation in support of the Santa Cruz Bank Stabilization Project. Located north of the San Xavier District Co-op Farm headquarters, the excavations involved removal then recompaction of sediments in two adjacent sinkholes. The purpose of the monitoring was to identify, record, and evaluate any...

DOCUMENT Full-Text C. Scott Crownover.

In the course of the Santa Cruz River Bank Stabilization Project, Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and San Xavier District personnel identified human remains exposed in the Santa Cruz river bank which would be impacted by the construction. At the request of Reclamation, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd (ACS), recovered the remains in a manner consistent with the wishes of the local community, as well as addressing scientific standards. Four inhumations, one cremation, a single...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Lourdes Aguila.

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a Class III (Intensive), non-collection cultural resources survey of approximately 170 miles of the Arizona, Arizona Crosscut, Grand, Tempe, Tempe Crosscut, Consolidated, Eastern, South, Western, Highline, and Kyrene Branch Canals in Maricopa County, Arizona. The canals, which are owned by the Reclamation, are maintained and operated by the Salt River Project (SRP). The...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Tonia Woods Horton.

Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. AZ-51 presents a written historical summary and relevant historical documentation about the construction and use of Granite Reef Diversion Dam, which diverts Salt River water released from upstream storage dams into canal irrigation systems for agricultural, industrial, and municipal uses. The report contains a narrative description, photographs, drawings, and maps. The Granite Reef Diversion Dam is the principal structural mechanism by which...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Shelly C. Dudley.

Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. AZ-52 presents a written historical summary and relevant historical documentation about the construction and use of the South Canal, which delivers water to Mesa, Tempe, Chandler and other parts of the Salt River Valley south of the Salt River for agricultural, industrial, and municipal uses. The report contains a narrative description, photographs, drawings, and maps. The South Canal is the single, principal irrigation feature that delivers...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Caven P. Clark. Scott Crownover.

This is a draft report on the archaeological survey of a 4,800-acre tract south of the Gila River referred to as the Cochran Survey. The initial phase of the project involved a 1500-acre survey identifying and evaluating prehistoric and historic cultural properties on Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) lands. The survey area was located in Pinal County. In total, 15 sites and 116 isolates were recorded in the survey area, most of which were believed to relate to Hohokam cultural facies....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jon Czaplicki.

At the request of the San Carlos Apache Tribe and in collaboration with the Bureau of Indian Affairs' San Carlos Irrigation Project (SCIP), the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) undertook a Class III cultural resources inventory on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation in the vicinity of San Carlos Reservoir, developed a cultural affiliation statement for human remains and associated objects encountered within the project area, and prepared an overview and needs assessment for cultural...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

Under contract to the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a Class III survey of two canal alignments variously identified as the historic Utah Ditch or Utah Canal. Reclamation's original delivery order was for one alignment, but because of questions as to the actual location of the Utah Ditch, the survey area was expanded to include a second suspected alignment. Extensive archival research was completed to document the history and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the Fort McDowell Indian Community (FMIC) with cultural resource investigations in advance of widening and realigning portions of Fort McDowell Road (also known as Mustang Way). These improvements were required to facilitate increased road use associated with the construction and operation of the Fort McDowell Indian Community Irrigated Farmland Development Project. Reclamation requested that Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS)...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

Archaeological Consulting Services,Ltd. (ACS) conducted archaeological investigations on the Gila River Indian Community in 1995 and 1996. More than 10,000 acres were in the project area, and 85 sites were recorded. Because the area had been used for agriculture, much land had been plowed. Volume 1 provides an overall picture of the project including the culture history and previous research done in the Middle Gila River Valley, followed by a description of our research orientation, and the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Owen Lindauer.

The Roosevelt Platform Mound Study (RPMS) was one of three mitigative data recovery studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The series of investigations constituted Reclamation's program for complying with historic preservation legislation as it applied to the raising and modification of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. Reclamation contracted with the Arizona State University Office of Cultural Resource...

DOCUMENT Full-Text David E. Doyel.

At the request of the San Carlos Apache Tribe and in collaboration with the Bureau of Indian Affairs' San Carlos Irrigation Project (SCIP), the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) undertook a Class III cultural resources inventory on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation in the vicinity of San Carlos Reservoir, developed a cultural affiliation statement for human remains and associated objects encountered within the project area, and prepared an overview and needs assessment for cultural...

DOCUMENT Full-Text David Jacobs.

This report is the fifth site description volume for the Roosevelt Platform Mound Study and describes archaeological investigations at Cline Terrace Mound. Cline Terrace Mound is part of the Cline Terrace Complex, which is located at the northwestern end of the Tonto Basin, along the eastern bank of Tonto Creek. Cline Terrace Mound is the largest site in the complex and is located in its middle, with many other sites in the areas to the northwest and southeast along Tonto Creek. The smaller...

IMAGE Uploaded by: Francis McManamon

The Theodore Roosevelt dam studies impact mitigation program consisted of three data recovery studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The research was necessary to mitigate any adverse effects related to modifying and raising the height of the Theodore Roosevelt Dam in the Tonto Basin. The color map shows each study's project and investigation areas. The studies are labeled by the cultural...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

The Theodore Roosevelt dam studies impact mitigation program consisted of three data recovery studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The research was necessary to mitigate any adverse effects related to modifying and raising the height of the Theodore Roosevelt Dam in the Tonto Basin. A planning team composed of archaeologists from the Bureau of Reclamation, Tonto National Forest, and the State...

DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver. Barbara A. Murphy. Douglas M. Pease. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Keith B. Knoblock. Karen R. Adams. Steven Bozarth. Kellie M. Cairns. Steven D. Shelley. Barbara K.. Montgomery. Robert A. Heckman. Ronald H. Towner. Alex V. Benitez. Margaret Newman. Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Richard Hughes. Arthur W. Vokes. Carla R. Van West.

The Vanishing Rivers Appendices document contains all of the LVAP Vanishing River appendices. First, it presents a table of contents list of all appendices and referenced figures and tables. The document then provides each of the appendices associated with Vanishing River Volumes 1 - 3 (the pdf electronic volumes) and those associated with Vanishing River Volume 4 (the companion book).

DOCUMENT Full-Text Lynne Yamaguchi.

This document is a guide that describes the creation of Volumes 1 through 3 in electronic format, and that outlines the use of the electronic resources as originally presented on CD. It does contain some information that future users may find useful in working with the pdf files. For example, it contains very helpful information regarding the organization of information. It also contains a guide that explains how to cite all of the resources in these documents properly.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

The Vanishing River List of Figures, Plates, Vessels, and Tables contains a table-of-contents style list for all figures, photos, and tables referenced in the Vanishing River volumes.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

The Vanishing River Table of Contents document presents the titles of all report volumes (1 - 4) and the titles of all chapters and major chapter sections in the Vanishing River report series. Please note that the Vanishing River List of Figures, Plates, Vessels, and Tables is a separate document that can be located here: http://core.tdar.org/document/372141.

DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver.

The Scorpion Point site is located on a remnant of a Pleistocene terrace about 37 m above the Verde River. Researchers began the fieldwork expecting to find no more than a dozen pit houses representing a few small pre-Classic period farmsteads scattered along the terrace above the Verde River. Instead, they found the remains of a ball court village with at least 50, and perhaps as many as 300, pit houses. At the conclusion of fieldwork at Scorpion Point Village, archaeologists with the Lower...

DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver. Robert B. Neily. Robert P. Jones. Steven D. Shelley.

Volume 1, Part 2 summarizes archaeological data recovery and results of work at four sites (CTC, Two Farms, Middendrum, and Dam View) located in area south of Bartlett Dam along the lower Verde River. Originally, the research plan outlined a testing program for a sample of seven sites in the area. Flooding and associated erosion along the Verde River during the field season made it almost impossible to support excavation crews at the small sites situated on narrow remnants of terraces on the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Robert B. Neily. Richard Ciolek-Torello. Su Benaron. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Lee Lindsay. Steven D. Shelley.

Volume 1, Part 3 describes archaeological data recovery and summary results from work at several Classic period farmstead sites and a few multicomponent hamlet/village sites in the Horseshoe Basin area of the lower Verde River. The Lone Juniper site, Usedtobe Ruin, and the Little House site are farmstead sites located within 1 km of one another on Pleistocene terraces above the Verde River floodplain. Excavation at these sites uncovered small rectangular domestic rooms, masonry walls, remnants...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jeffrey A. Homburg. John R. Welch. Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Richard Ciolek-Torello. William C. Johnson. Alan F. Arbogast. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Karen R. Adams.

The environmental summary presented in Volume 2 forms a backdrop for examining the settlement and subsistence history and dynamics of the lower Verde region (see Volume 4). Because of its geographically and culturally transitional position between major culture areas, the Verde River valley has remained an archaeological and historical enigma. The same can be said with regard to environmental information, for the valley has been less intensively studied than other areas of central Arizona, and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard Ciolek-Torello. Jeffrey A. Homburg. Jonathan Sandor.

Volume 2, Part 2 provides the results of detailed research on prehistoric agricultural systems and sites in the LVAP area. Chapter 4 presents the results of SRI’s field investigations at Classic period dry-farming agricultural fields and associated field houses in an almost-300-acre area west of Horseshoe Dam. This area encompasses the hilly and gently undulating to nearly flat terrain of basalt flows, terraces, and escarpments west of the Verde River floodplain. Within this large area, 23...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Karen R. Adams. Steven Bozarth. Suzanne K Fish. Paul R. Fish. Steven D. Shelley. Kellie M. Cairns.

Chapter 8 discusses data from macrofossil and flotation samples from village, hamlet, farmstead, and field house settings along the lower Verde River. Chapter 9 treats the pollen and phytoliths that were isolated from sediment samples collected in a variety of agricultural features including rock piles and alignments, terraces, and field houses, in addition to habitation features such as hearths, living floors, middens, and roasting pits in the LVAP area. The overall goal of these analyses...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Barbara K. Montgomery. Robert A. Heckman.

Volume 3 of the Lower Verde Archaeological Project (LVAP) treats the material culture recovered during data recovery efforts at the Pre-Classic and Classic period sites in the project area. Volume 3, Part 1 describes the ceramic assemblages collected during LVAP field work, and provides results of stylistic and technological analysis performed on the colllections. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the analytic methods used for ceramics and the characteristics of LVAP ceramic collections. It...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Barbara Montgomery.

This chapter presents the analysis of flaked and ground stone artifacts from LVAP. It is divided into three sections. First, the analytic methods are presented. Second, an overview of lithic sourcing, technology, and typology is presented. Third, descriptions of the lithic collections from the project sites are provided. The chapter closes with discussion and conclusions. Detailed analytic methods are provided in appendixes. Specific attributes and definitions are provided in Appendix M....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Arthur W. Vokes. Kellie M. Cairns. Steven D. Shelley.

Volume 3, Part 3 continues the presentation of the material culture analysis recovered from Pre-Classic and Classic period sites investigated during the LVAP. Chapter 8 describes the shell artifacts collected from archaeological sites and activity areas in the project area. The Lower Verde Archaeological Project excavations produced a shell collection of 1,280 pieces from eight sites. It is estimated that this represents approximately 635 individual artifacts and unworked fragments or whole...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Marcia H. Regan. Christy G. Turner II.

Volume 3, Part 4 of the LVAP report discusses the mortuary remains encountered during the project's investigations. Chapter 10 describes the human skeletal and dental remains uncovered during data recovery efforts at three archaeological sites: Roadhouse Ruin (AZ U:2:73/167), Scorpion Point Village (AZ U:2:80/819), and CTC site (AZ U:2:95/1134). The chapter treats both inhumations and cremations. Note that the chapter does not describe mortuary features or burial treatment.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Richard Ciolek-Torello.

Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the synthesis of the Lower Verde Archaeological Project. Whittlesey and Ciolek-Torello describe the project's environmental context, with a focus on the Verde River and its surrounding landscape. They also offer a brief introduction to the people who inhabited and used this landscape. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the research themes that guided archaeological data recovery and interpretation of the lower Verde River area.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

In chapter 2, Whittlesey discusses some of the intellectual history of landscape theory and defines a landscape approach. She then considers the definition of archaeological landscapes. Finally, she discusses the utility of archaeological landscapes for interpreting both the prehistory and history of an area.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

In Chapter 3, Whittlesey provides a description of the current state of the Verde River and discusses the history of intensive landscape modifications to the Verde and other rivers in central and southern Arizona (including the Salt, Gila, Colorado, Little Colorado, San Pedro, and Santa Cruz) . She first reviews archaeological and documentary evidence for changes to Arizona's riverine environments in both the prehistoric and historic periods. She focuses on accounts from the Spanish Colonial...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

In Chapter 4, Whittlesey presents a thorough summary of archaeological research and intellectual history in central Arizona. The author's goal is to situate the LVAP research in the context of central Arizona archaeology. Whittlesey provides histories of the research that has been conducted in the Verde drainage, the Tonto Basin, the Agua Fria drainage, and the Phoenix Basin. She concludes with a summary of the research trajectories and the different explanatory models applied to central...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Su Benaron.

In Chapter 5, Whittlesey and Benaron provide a synthesis of the ethnohistoric data and archaeological evidence for Yavapai and Western occupation of central Arizona. The authors summarize available information on Yavapai and Apache domestic remains and material culture to assist identification in the archaeological record. They also describe subsistence and land use patterns.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. WIlliam L. Deaver.

This chapter reviews archaeological evidence for Yavapai and Western Apache occupation of central Arizona. Whittlesey begins with a description of the only site – Site 66//1157 -- in the LVAP project area to present clearly identified Yavapai or Western Apache material culture. She also discusses the archaeological data from the Yavapai construction camps at Bartlett and Horseshoe Dams. Whittlesey then provides an overview of archaeological evidence for Yavapai and for Western Apache archaeology...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Alan Ferg. Norm Tessman.

Chapter 7 documents two previously unpublished events that have figured prominently in Yavapai and Western Apache archaeology in central Arizona. First, Ferg details the Goodwin and Sayles 1937 Verde Survey. He argues that this three-day trip into the Verde Valley in the fall of 1937 marks the beginnings of ethnoarchaeological studies of the Western Apache. He provides thorough descriptions of all the sites located during the survey in an effort to differentiate Yavapai and Western Apache...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Terresita Majewski. John R. Welch. Matthew C. Bischoff. Richard Ciolek-Torello.

In Chapter 8, Whittlesey and her co-authors discuss the historical events and the cultural processes that shaped the use and occupation of central Arizona after AD 1540. The authors focus on broad trends in politics, economics, and the environment that contributed to changes in land-use patterns. They center their discussion on Euro-American populations, but also consider indigenous populations living on reservations. Furthermore, the authors examine patterns in the relations between...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Carla R. Van West. Jeffrey Altschul.

In Chapter 9, Van West and Altshcul examine late prehistoric period agriculture in the Transition Zone of central Arizona, and consider how agricultural production influenced population zone in this area. They begin with a description of the Transition Zone’s environmental context. They then present evidence for prehistoric agriculture in the LVAP project area. These authors use these data to model potential agricultural productivity in Horseshoe Basin. Next, they model the population sizes on...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Barbara Montgomery. Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

Chapter 10 presents results from a ceramic seriation of undecorated pottery to identify temporally-sensitive attributes. Montogomery and Whittlesey describe their analysis of particular undecorated pottery attributes, which were selected based on their potential sensitivity to temporal change. They identify several attributes that are particularly sensitive to time: temper, slip, and polish. They also note several other variables that display slight variation through time. These authors propose...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

In Chapter 11, Whittlesey describes the production and distribution of prehistoric ceramics in the lower Verde Valley. She then compares these patterns to similar data from the Agua Fria drainage and the Tonto Basin. Finally, she suggests that production and distribution patterns of ceramics in central Arizona may be better explained with a ceramic environment approach, which highlights the relationships between the landscape and the human use of resources. Whittlesey’s proposed approach centers...

DOCUMENT Full-Text WIlliam L. Deaver.

In Chapter 12, Deaver summarizes research on the chronology of archaeological sites, features, and material remains in the LVAP project area. He begins with a synthetic discussion of the chronologic sequence in the Verde Valley area. He then presents data for the chronologic assignment of archaeological features and sites investigated during the LVAP. Next, Deaver discusses a comparison of the chronologic sequence in the Verde Valley to the sequence in the Hohokam core area in order to evaluate...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Eric Klucas. Richard Ciolek-Torello. Charles R. Riggs.

Chapter 13 addresses changes in social organization from the pre-Classic to Classic periods in the lower Verde Valley through an examination of changes in domestic space. First, Klucas and co-authors identify the nature (i.e., composition, arrangement, size) of the domestic residential units that occupied the prehistoric settlements. They then examine differences in these variables between different settlements (e.g., between large settlements and small farmsteads) and across time periods. These...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard Ciolek-Torello.

In Chapter 14, Ciolek-Torello presents one of the first full syntheses of indigenous settlement and demographic patterns in the Verde Valley, without reference to interaction in the Hohokam core area. He begins with a summary of prehistoric settlement patterns from pre-ceramic periods through the Late Classic period across the entire Transition Zone of central Arizona. He then characterizes settlement systems in the lower Verde Valley through time and describes the archaeological sites and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

In Chapter 15, Whittlesey reviews the Hohokam core-periphery model in light of the new data generated by the LVAP. She begins with a description of the intellectual history and the key concepts of the Hohokam core-periphery model and the Hohokam regional system model. She then examines the utility of the core-periphery model for explaining current data on Hohokam prehistory. After reviewing the distribution of several quintessential Hohokam traits among sites in the “core” and in the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text J. Jefferson Reid.

In Chapter 16, Reid considers the impact that a return to questions about migration, population movement, and ethnic identity has on the interpretation of Arizona’s prehistory. He begins with an intellectual history of migration research in the Southwest, and offers perspective on the strength of making inferences about migration with archaeological data. He uses the arguments for migration at Grasshopper as an example of building such inferences. Reid then advances into a discussion of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jeffrey Altschul.

Chapter 17 highlights the full scope of the LVAP as a big project and places it in the context of other big archaeological projects. Altschul begins with historical sketches over other large archaeological projects, ranging from WPA efforts to the River Basin Surveys to large NSF-funded research. He then provides a history of the LVAP to illustrate how a large CRM-based project is conducted. He concludes with a discussion of four components that he defines as critical to the ultimate success of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard Ciolek-Torello. Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

Chapter 18 provides a summary of the LVAP’s research themes and offers an overview of the research results. Ciolek-Torello synthesizes the chronology and cultural sequence of the lower Verde Valley. He places this sequence and its cultural developments in the context of other cultural sequences in central and southern Arizona. Whittlesey then summarizes the argument for an indigenous cultural tradition in the Transition Zone of central Arizona, one with roots in Mogollon prehistory and with...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

Chapter 19 summarizes and compares the prehistoric, historic-period Yavapai and Western Apaches, and Euroamerican landscapes. Whittlesey considers the land-based units (i.e., domestic space, food production spaces, ritual spaces) that define interaction with the landscape during each of these cultural historical periods and attempts to identify landmarks associated with these units. She focuses on the following units: territorial boundaries, agricultural landscapes, procurement spaces, dwelling...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jeffrey Altschul. Stephanie M. Whittlesey. Richard Ciolek-Torello.

Chapter 20 provides a brief retrospective of the LVAP. Altschul and the other authors discuss changes to the archaeological data recovery efforts and re-orientation of theoretical perspectives that took place over the six years of the project. They conclude with an overview of the project’s results and its implications for the prehistory and history of the Southwest.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: M Scott Thompson

This document contains the references cited for the Lower Verde Archaeological Project summary volume. It also provides a list of contributors and a brief summary of Statiscal Research, Inc. and its mission.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Barbara K.. Montgomery. Stephanie M. Whittlesey.

This report presents the results of an experimental study of ceramics from the Lower Verde Archaeological Project (LVAP) designed to test the effectiveness of inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICPS) as a tool for sourcing the locale of ceramic manufacture. A major theme of LVAP research was to explore the parameters of human interaction and exchange within the lower Verde region and adjacent areas of desert Arizona (Ciolek-Torrello et al. 1992). It is necessary to understand...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Henry D. Wallace.

This report is focused on the rock art present at a small ridge top agricultural locality in the lower Verde Valley near Horseshoe Dam known as the Crash Landing site, AZ U:2:78/01-278. Four boulders that exhibited over 24 petroglyph design elements were found at this site, as well as numerous other cultural features including a two-room isolated masonry field house and a large agricultural complex with rock piles, contour terraces, and boundary walls. The research design for the Lower...

DOCUMENT Full-Text James M. Heidke. Diana C. Kamilli. Elizabeth Miksa.

The goal of the present study is to identify the provenance of ceramics recovered from the Lower Verde Archaeological Project (LVAP) sites on the basis of the temper found within them (Ciolek-Torrello et al. 1992:III-75 to III-85). The focus of this attached report is on sand temper used in pottery vessels. Ceramic wares and/or types produced within the study area are distinguished from those imported from other areas. A reconnaissance sample of wash sands from the lower Verde River area was...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Walter R. Punzmann.

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a cultural resource survey of state land for a proposed borrow area adjacent to Avra Valley Airport. No archaeological sites were identified during the survey, but five isolated occurrences were recorded. This project was completed on the Tucson Aqueduct portion of the Central Arizona Project.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted an intensive Class III cultural resources survey of approximately 1,700 acres of the Lower Verde Area around the perimeter of Bartlett Reservoir on the Tonto National Forest. Approximately 150 acres of the project area were inaccessible due to either the elevated level of Bartlett Reservoir or steep terrain. This survey identified 108 sites, which far exceeded original...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Christine Pfaff.

Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. AZ-50 presents a written historical summary and relevant historical documentation about the construction and use history of San Carlos Irrigation Project (SCIP) waterways and features, which deliver Gila River water to central and southern Arizona for agriculture, industrial, and residential uses. The report contains a narrative description, photographs, drawings, and maps. Authorized under the San Carlos Act (43 Stat.475), SCIP is a joint...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Christine Pfaff.

Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. AZ-6A examines the origins, construction, use, and significance of the Theodore Roosevelt Dam Power Plant and Transformer House, located in south-central Arizona along the Salt River. The report contains a narrative description, drawings, maps, and historic photographs of the dam's power plant and transformer house. As the key structure in one of the first major federally sponsored Reclamation projects in the West, Theodore Roosevelt Dam...

DOCUMENT Full-Text David Doyel. Bruce G. Phillips.

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted limited subsurface testing in two areas prior to proposed stabilization along the Santa Cruz River bank in support of the San Xavier Santa Cruz River Bank Stabilization Project. The subsurface testing took place in two arroyos on the west bank of the river downstream from the San Xavier Bridge, which crosses the Santa Cruz River at San Xavier Road. These sizable arroyos, which...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Owen Lindauer.

The Roosevelt Platform Mound Study (RPMS) was one of three mitigative data recovery studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The series of investigations constituted Reclamation's program for complying with historic preservation legislation as it applied to the raising and modification of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. Reclamation contracted with the Arizona State University Office of Cultural Resource...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Owen Lindauer.

The Roosevelt Platform Mound Study (RPMS) was one of three mitigative data recovery studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The series of investigations constituted Reclamation's program for complying with historic preservation legislation as it applied to the raising and modification of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. Reclamation contracted with the Arizona State University Office of Cultural Resource...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Sharon Hurlbut.

The Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) partnered with the City of Goodyear and the Corps of Engineers to develop an artificial wetland for the purpose of treating brine concentrated wastewater to be discharged into surface waters at the Tres Rios Wetlands Demonstration Site, in Maricopa County, Arizona. Although the area had been investigated for the presences of buried cultural resources prior to construction, human remains and associated grave goods were discovered during...

DOCUMENT Full-Text C. Scott Crownover.

This document is part of the San Xavier Farm Rehabilitation Project. Additional entries related to this project can be found at the following link: https://core.tdar.org/collection/27482 At the request of Tom Lincoln, chief archaeologist for the US Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted monitoring in conjunction with a Reclamation investigation on the San Xavier Farm Cooperative, south of Tucson, Arizona. The purpose of the monitoring was...

DOCUMENT Full-Text William S. Marmaduke. Kathleen T. Henderson.

Underwritten by the Bureau of Reclamation, Northland Research archaeologists surveyed more than 7,450 hectares (18,410 acres) of southern Arizona. Two hundred four archaeological sites were recorded. Some sites, but not many, were historic in age; a few were Archaic, from the era before ceramics and sedentary agriculture in the Southwestern lowlands. The majority were from the intervening Hohokam cultural sequence. We learned from these sites that the prehistory of southern Arizona is, at one...

DOCUMENT Full-Text David Doyel. Joseph Crary. Gina Gage. Karolyn Jackman Jensen.

The Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (Reclamation), undertook the development of a Water Management Plan (WMP) as part of the Central Arizona Project (CAP). In consultation with the San Carlos Irrigation Project (SCIP), the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC), and the San Carlos Irrigation and Drainage District (SCIDD), it was proposed that the Joint Works would require rehabilitation or replacement to facilitate the WMP, specifically the delivery of water to the Pima-Maricopa...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Teresa L. Hoffman.

This is a letter explaining that, given the surveys already done for the Tucson Aqueduct System Reliability Investigations, no more archaeological investigations are deemed necessary in that region. The reports mentioned in this letter can be found at the following links: https://core.tdar.org/document/393900 https://core.tdar.org/document/393899

DOCUMENT Full-Text Shereen Lerner.

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the Fort McDowell Indian Community (FMIC) with cultural resource investigations in advance of widening and realigning portions of Fort McDowell Road (also known as Mustang Way). These improvements were required to facilitate increased road use associated with the construction and operation of the Fort McDowell Indian Community Irrigated Farmland Development Project. Reclamation requested that Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. develop a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text David E. Doyel. Margerie Green.

The Water Management Project (WMP) was developed to bring Central Arizona Project (CAP) water to the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC). Under terms of a contract signed in 1992 with the GRIC, facilities designed and constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation would deliver 173,000 acre-feet of water annually onto the reservation. In anticipation of project construction, Reclamation directed Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. to develop a research design for cultural resource investigations...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Alaina Harmon

The Roosevelt Community Development Study (RCD) involved the testing and excavation of 27 sites in the Lower Tonto Basin of central Arizona. This is one of three related data recovery projects undertaken in the Tonto Basin for the Bureau of Reclamation prior to the raising of the Roosevelt Lake dam. The results of the RCD project are presented in four Anthropological Papers of the Center for Desert Archaeology: Anthropological Papers No. 12 is the research design; Anthropological Papers No. 13...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Keith Kintigh

The Roosevelt Community Development Study (RCD) was one of three data recovery mitigative studies that the Bureau of Reclamation funded to investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin in the vicinity of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The series of investigations constituted Reclamation's program for complying with historic preservation legislation as it applied to the raising and modification of Theodore Roosevelt Dam. Reclamation contracted with Desert Archaeology, Inc. to complete the research for...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Alaina Harmon

The Roosevelt Community Development Study (RCD) involved the testing and excavation of 27 sites in the Lower Tonto Basin of central Arizona. This is one of three related data recovery projects undertaken in the Tonto Basin for the Bureau of Reclamation prior to the raising of the Roosevelt Lake dam. The results of the RCD project are presented in four Anthropological Papers of the Center for Desert Archaeology: Anthropological Papers No. 12 is the research design; Anthropological Papers No. 13...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Claudine Gravel-Miguel

At the request of the San Carlos Apache Tribe and in collaboration with the Bureau of Indian Affairs' San Carlos Irrigation Project (SCIP), the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) undertook a Class III cultural resources inventory on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation in the vicinity of San Carlos Reservoir, developed a cultural affiliation statement for human remains and associated objects encountered within the project area, and prepared an overview and needs assessment for cultural...