PaleoResearch Institute

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

This rockshelter is located northeast of Pelican Hill and Buck Hill overlooking Buck Gully. Pollen samples were collected from an off-site column to provide a control for interpreting the cultural samples. In addition, a stratigraphic column inside the shelter was analyzed to provide information concerning food processing activities. One mano and one mortar were washed for pollen and phytoliths to assess food processing activities using these tools. One coprolite was recovered during...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Twenty-nine pollen and nine phytolith samples were examined from CA-ORa- 683. This site is located to the northeast of Pelican Hill and to the south of Buck Gully. Both Late Prehistoric and Milling Stone components were noted. Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted primarily on features at this site, although an off-site column was examined for pollen as a control. The primary focus was on identifying economic activity.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Three pollen and two phytolith samples were examined from the Chimney Rock site and associated check dams. These samples represent two check dams and a clay floor from a room that had been burned. Pollen and phytolith analysis was undertaken to examine check dam agriculture at Chimney Rock, as well as to identify elements of the subsistence base.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Seven soil samples from K088-3, an island in the Snake River, were examined for pollen and phytoliths. The purpose of this study was to recover pollen and phytolith records and assess them for their ability to reconstruct past vegetation. The samples were collected stratigraphically from depths ranging from 94 inches to the surface.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Paleoenvironmental interpretations of the stratigraphic record at Lipscomb were sought through examination of both the pollen and phytolith records. Samples were collected stratigraphically from sediments at Lips comb to test preservation of both data bases. Samples were selected for analysis at various depths to assess the probability of recovering an interpretable paleoenvironmental record. Six phytolith and four pollen samples were examined initially. Lipscomb Bison Quarry is located in...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Ten pollen and ten phytolith samples were examined from site 50-10-31-5003. Pollen samples were collected stratigraphically from layers in a lava tube to examine the prehistoric vegetation record. Phytolith samples were collected from individual pits created by breaking the tops of large bubbles in the lava and creating pits. It is possible that sweet potato was grown in the pits and that they were mulched.

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Linda Scott Cummings.

The Ronsavalle's Gulch site, located on a gypsum plain between the Delaware Mountains to the west and the Rustler Hills to the east, includes both Archaic and Late Prehistoric artifacts. Radiocarbon ages from the hearths are reported as 3250 BP for the Archaic occupation and cluster at 870 and 940 BP for the Late Prehistoric occupation. Four pairs of samples were recovered from sediment in an arroyo cut near the archaeological features and examined for pollen and phytoliths to provide...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Stratigraphic pollen and phytolith samples were examined from site 05-16- 54-19/106 in Anderson Valley, California. These analyses were conducted to identify vegetation communities and assess the paleoenvironmental record. The Mi-wok are believed to have burned the understory to encourage growth of a particular kind of grass. Cbmbined pollen and phytolith analyses of these stratigraphic samples was designed to identify any manipulation of the vegetation crorniunities.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Two sediment samples were collected from 46BY117 near the Cumbo Yard Tract of the Berkeley County Industrial Park, Berkeley County, West Virginia. These samples were collected from two features interpreted to represent slave houses. Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted to identify economic activities associated with these houses.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Three sediment samples were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis from the Waxy Hadjo’s Landing Site (77BC00056), located on the Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, Florida. Paired pollen and phytolith samples were collected near the edge of a tree island and off the tree island to examine the past vegetation for this area. In addition, pollen and phytolith analyses were used to recover and identify microscopic plant remains that may be derived from plants of economic importance.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

Stratigraphic samples were examined from sites 23Ck302 and 23Le174 on the Avenue of the Saints project in northeastern Missouri. In addition, cultural samples from both sites were examined for pollen.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas E. Moutoux. Linda Scott Cummings.

Four pollen and four phytolith samples were examined from sites 5CT534 and 5CT535, located approximately seven miles east of La Junta, Colorado and within Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site. Pollen and phytolith analyses focused on a single feature from each site, believed to represent Late Prehistoric (Ceramic) occupation. Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken to identify vegetal elements of the subsistence base at the two sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytoliths samples were analyzed from four features and an off-site column to examine subsistence activities involving vegetal foods at the Buck Hill Site. This site is located to the northwest of Pelican Hill overlooking Buck Gully to the north. Radiocarbon ages of 1000 ± 50 BP, 1500 ± 80 BP, and 3480 ± 60 BP indicate at least three occupations. Examination of pollen from an off-site column provides control for interpretation of the pollen record of the features, and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A single soil sample was submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis to assist in identifying contents of a midden associated with the Charleston County Courthouse in South Carolina.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

The Electric Duck site (48CA3606) is located in the Powder River Basin in Campbell County, northeast Wyoming. Stratigraphic samples were examined for pollen and phytoliths to identify past vegetation communities in the area of the site for the time period represented. One layer was described as primarily ash, so it was examined for phytoliths only, as pollen does not survive fire.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

POLLEN AND PHYTOLITH ANALYSIS AT THE HARRIS SITE, SDI 4935, CALIFORNIA: Pollen and Phytolith analyses were conducted at the Harris Site (SDI-4935) in San Diego County, California. Stratigraphic pollen analysis was undertaken to provide information concerning past vegetation communities, as well as paleoenvironmental conditions. A single stratigraphic column was examined at 10 cm intervals to provide samples at close enough intervals for detailed interpretation of the past environment. Pollen...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Hatch Site (5W138) is located in the West Stoneham Pasture Research Area of the Pawnee National Grassland in northeastern Colorado. Phytolith analysis was undertaken on three samples to augment the pollen analysis completed previously (Cummings 1994). Eight Plains Woodland occupation zones and deposits were noted at this site. A single hearth yielded a radiocarbon date of 880 + 50 BP (1070 + 50 AD). Pollen samples were examined from the modern surface, the hearth fill, as well as from...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Stratigraphic pollen and phytolith samples were collected at the Hutton-Pinkham site at ten centimeter intervals during the summer of 1989. These stratigraphic samples were collected from the same column examined for geomorphologic data. The column was cut into a west-facing stream meander cut bank of Bonny Creek. This analysis of pollen and phytolith samples from the column is conducted as a feasibility study to determine the preservation and interpretability of the records. Both pollen and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A single stratigraphic column through sediments at the MacHaffie Site (24JF4) yielded both pollen and phytolith samples. Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted for each stratum to identify elements of the local vegetation for description of both local vegetation and paleoenvironmental conditions at this site through out the approximately 9,400 years represented.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J Scott. PaleoResearch Institute. Rhoda O Lewis.

Pollen and phytolith samples were removed from three components at the Ray Long Site (39FA63) in southwestern South Dakota. This site is located within an ephemeral stream sediment sequence deposited by a tributary to the Cheyenne River in Fall River County. Analysis of the pollen and phytolith remains was directed towards determining whether continued sampling would provide data concerning the paleoenvironment. Buried Paleolndian components represent an Angostura occupation (11,000 BP)...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Combined pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken on five samples from the Utopia I Site (44JC32). This domestic site for enslaved African Americans exhibited two periods of occupation between approximately 1700 and 1750. Documentary evidence is strong that the components, separated spatially, were occupied by successive generations of enslaved peoples on the same plantation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Hatch Site (5WL38) and Rattlesnake Shelter (5WL1856) were examined for evidence of extant prehistoric vegetation in the pollen and phytolith records. The Hatch Site (5WL38) is located in the Pawnee National Grasslands of Weld County. Deposits identified as Late Plains Woodland were noted. A single hearth yielded a radiocarbon date of 880 + 50 BP (1070 + 50 AD) . In addition, occupation zones were also noted and identified as Late Plains Woodland. Pollen samples were examined from the hearth...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Paired pollen and phytolith samples represent stratigraphic sediments at 15Ct32 and 15Ct33. The largest temporal sequence is present at 15Ct32-1/15Ct32-2, where Late Paleoindian, Early Archaic, Archaic, and Woodland sediments were sampled. Early Archaic and Archaic sediments were sampled at 15Ct33. Pollen and phytolith records obtained from these sediments were analyzed to assess past vegetation communities and provide information concerning the paleoenvironment. Results from these sites...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

A single vessel fragment, a mano, and a soil control sample were submitted for pollen and starch analysis. In addition, phytolith analysis was requested for the ceramic vessel fragment. Analyses are focused on identifying plants that might have been processed with this mano and in this vessel.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Thirty-one phytolith samples and two pollen samples were examined from 41CW54, reported in 99-60. Eighteen of these samples represent stratigraphic deposits that included four occupations. One sample was collected off-site as a control sample, and the remaining twelve samples were collected from sediments associated with tools, including gouges, flakes, and points, or from a paleochannel. Radiocarbon ages from the paleochannel range from 7560 ± 100 BP to 6650 ± 40 BP. The two pollen samples...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A former agricultural field system identified on the outskirts of Picuris Pueblo contains many terraces, grids, and other rock alignments. Some features may have been constructed as early as the thirteenth century CE. Ceramics recovered suggest most of the area investigated was used between 1500 and 1700 CE. One sediment sample was collected from ashy deposits immediately below a circular platform of thermally altered rocks, suggesting use as a thermal feature. Dozens of features of similar...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A former agricultural field system identified on the outskirts of Picuris Pueblo contains many terraces, grids, and other rock alignments. Some features may have been constructed as early as the thirteenth century CE. Ceramics recovered suggest most of the area investigated was used between 1500 and 1700 CE. One sediment sample was collected from ashy deposits immediately below a circular platform of thermally altered rocks, suggesting use as a thermal feature. Dozens of features of similar...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples were examined from Charles Towne Landing State Historic Site, the first permanent English settlement of the Colony Carolina. It was occupied between 1670 and 1680. Soil recovered from a trench feature in a possible small, seventeenth century vineyard was submitted for analysis. Documents indicate small grape arbors adjacent to houses in the area. Occupants grew experimental crops to determine what, if anything, would grow well in Carolina. Crops attempted include indigo, tobacco,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Seven pollen and two phytolith samples were examined from the Double Ditch Historic Site (32BL8) on the east bank of the Missouri River in North Dakota. Samples were collected from fill of a former fortification ditch around a Mandan village. Analysis of these samples was undertaken in an effort to recover evidence of agriculture, especially in regards to possible garden plots and cultivation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Site FB 776, located on the northwest portion of the Fort Bliss Maneuver Area in southern New Mexico, is represented by a single sediment sample collected from the 2Ab Horizon at a depth from 30 to 85 cm below the surface. Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted on this sample as a preliminary study to establish whether or not evidence could be obtained that would provide information concerning past vegetation in this location.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

Site LA 137068 is comprised of a series of features, many of them roasting pits or hearths, located along Buckman Road. Radiocarbon ages indicate occupation during the Early/Middle, Middle, and Late Archaic. Pollen and phytolith analysis were undertaken to identify economic activity associated with the hearths. In addition, information concerning local vegetation at or immediately following occupation might be available from these analyses.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken on samples from three rock piles at AZ EE:3:48, the Cottonwood Wash Rock Pile site. These rock piles are situated in semidesert grassland and probably represent Hohokam dry farming features used during the Classic period between AD 1100 and 1300. Rock piles often are interpreted to be associated with agave cultivation, although both maize and cotton pollen also have been recovered from sediments associated with rock piles in the Tucson Basin (Fish...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Rustler Rockshelter, situated in the Providence Mountains of the eastern Mojave Desert, was comprised of a midden against the south-facing cliff. In addition, numerous artifacts were present. Three pollen and phytolith samples were examined from the midden in an effort to define plants that were discarded by occupants of this shelter. In addition, a single mano was washed to recover pollen that might inform concerning plants ground using this tool.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Seven sediment samples from features at site 10775-175 on U.S. Highway 491 DR North were examined for pollen and phytoliths. This site is a multi component site with occupations ranging from the Late Archaic to the Pueblo II. Pollen and phytolith samples were examined to provide information concerning use of the features, as well as some paleoenvironmental information.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

A single piece of groundstone and an abrader from site 35JE355 were washed to recover pollen and phytoliths that might inform concerning the use of these tools. This site is located along both banks of Lake Creek, Deschutes County, Oregon, where Highway 20 crosses the creek. The Lake Creek Site complex is situated on the east side of the crest of the Mid-Oregon Cascade Range. Previously conducted radiocarbon dates place occupation of this site between approximately 2080 ± 60 BP and 3100 ±...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Nine combination pollen and phytolith samples were examined from a variety of contexts from a late 18th and early 19th century plantation in Charleston County, South Carolina. Suspected garden plantings, garden parterres, an interior brick wall, thought to represent a walled garden or a retainer for compost, as well as a wall trench from an African American slave house were examined.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney. Jaime Dexter.

Site 41KR621 is located within the boundaries of a proposed right-of-way extension along Spur 98 in Kerrville, Texas. Situated on the southern approach of Spur 98 to the Guadalupe River, this multi-component, Mid to Late Holocene prehistoric site covers the entire highway right-of-way from the base of an upland toeslope at the southern terminus to the scarp of a terrace above the river. Soil matrix samples from several features at the site were examined for pollen and phytoliths, as were...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Located in south Texas, site 41MV164 is situated near the western edge of Maverick County approximately six miles east of the Rio Grande River, above an unnamed tributary of Elm Creek. The Archaic site consists of a surface scatter of fire-affected rock, chert cores and debitage. Diagnostic tools found on the surface include Ensor-like and Frio dart points, as well as a Seal/om arrow point. Cultural materials were identified in three distinct locations: buried beneath the floodplain...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

Paired pollen and phytolith samples were collected from the walls of two trenches (MP 2 and MP 3) to assess the record of prehistoric vegetation and to identify any possible evidence of plant cultivation. Samples from Trench MP 3 are located on site LA 95996 (FB 5042), with a cultural affiliation reported as El Paso phase (A.D. 200-1450). Ceramic artifacts reported recovered at the site suggest an occupation of A.D. 1100-1450. Trench MP 2 samples were collected off-site, approximately 160...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Stratigraphic samples were examined for both pollen and phytoliths from two archaeological sites (33Le396 and 33Le405) to identify vegetation and changes in vegetation that can provide information concerning paleoenvironmental conditions. Features at site 33Le405 yielded radiocarbon ages indicating Early to Late Woodland occupations, whereas site 33Le396 appears to have been occupied during the Middle Woodland. Feature samples were examined for pollen and phytoliths from each of these site...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Pollen analysis was undertaken on samples from four archaeological sites (34HP70, 34HP76, 34HP131, and 34HP138) in the panhandle of northwest Oklahoma. A piece of groundstone and a soil control sample were examined at 34HP70 to determine what, if any, plants were ground using this tool. At site 34HP76 the floor of a pit was examined to identify possible use of the pit. A hearth at 34HP131 was examined to identify economic activity associated with this feature. Finally, at 34HP138 several...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith samples were examined from a variety of vegetation communities to examine the pollen and phytolith records representing these different vegetation communities. Previous pollen and phytolith analyses of samples from archaeological sites at Yellowstone have yielded a pollen record dominated by Pinus pollen that appears to obscure evidence of movement of other pollen types within the record. This study was designed to examine the pollen record in both the standard manner, then...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 48YE449 and 48YE454 are located at the mouth of Arnica Creek, which flows into the northern portion of West Thumb, Yellowstone Lake. Site 48YE1, the Fishing Bridge Site, is located along the Yellowstone River at the north edge of Yellowstone Lake. Both buried and surface fired rock features were noted and sampled for pollen and phytolith analysis from 48YE449. These features are presently located within a meadow along the lake shore. Pollen and phytolith analysis were undertaken to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Five stratigraphic sediment samples from two locations at the Blacklog Narrows, Aughwick Watershed, Cromwell Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis to help determine vegetation and climate change. The older deposits represent Pleistocene deposits more than 29,000 radiocarbon years old, while the younger set represents Holocene deposits.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas E. Moutoux. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith analysis on a single sediment sample from the Heron Site (CA-SDI- 14,152) was undertaken in an effort to gain insight into the local environment in which the paleoinhabitants lived. The site is located along the San Diego River in San Diego county, California, and is believed to be Late Prehistoric.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Five combination pollen and phytolith samples were examined from five features at the Jervey Plantation (38CH927) and the Yaughal Plantation (38CH932) to identify crops that might have been grown at these sites. Historic studies of plantations in this area focus on recovery of indigo and upland swamp rice for early occupations and cotton for nineteenth century occupations. The builder's trench of the main plantation house was examined at the Jervey Plantation. Various features, including a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Three pollen/starch samples and a small amount of charred com cob were examined from the "vermilion vista" site (42Ka4896), located approximately 15 miles east of Kanab, Utah. The three pollen/starch samples represent floors of slab-lined storage bins used during the Basketmaker III and Pueblo I and were examined to shed light on plants that might have been stored in these bins.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Margaret E. Newman.

POLLEN AND PHYTOLITH ANALYSIS FROM SDI-7197, THE SALT CREEK I PROJECT, CALIFORNIA: Pollen and phytolith analysis was conducted on groundstone and flaked stone tools from this site in an effort to define the plants that were processed with these tools. BLOOD RESIDUE ANALYSIS OF ARTIFACTS FROM SITE SDI-7197 CALIFORNIA: The primary objective of this analysis was to determine if information derived by the analysis of blood residues retained on lithic artifacts could provide further...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

An Ovis (sheep) coprolite recovered from Eagle Cave in Val Verde County, Texas, was submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Rosa Maria Albert.

Companion pollen and phytolith samples were examined from the Olsen #1 Rockshelter (35LA190), Lahar Rockshelter (35LA902), and Brock Meadow (35LA46) . In the Olsen #1 Rockshelter samples were examined from the shallow deposits to provide information concerning prehistoric vegetation. Modern surface samples from the woods and meadow were examined to provide controls. Two groundstone samples also were examined to identify any evidence of utilization of these tools. At the Lahar Rockshelter only a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A single soil sample (Table 1) was collected from a buried A horizon that has been interpreted as representing the original hill surface prior to its artificial shaping. Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken to identify local vegetation existing on the original hill.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith samples were examined from locations thought to belong to a historic garden area that was part of Fort Vancouver. Samples were examined from seven different excavation units, some of which were associated with features. This analysis focused on identifying any plants that might have been planted in the gardens and describing local vegetation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Linda Scott Cummings.

The Medicine Lodge Creek site is located on the eastern margin of the Bighorn Basin in north central Wyoming. A metate from the Crow horizon at the site was recovered during backhoe trenching and submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis to identify plants that might have been processed.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Two samples were examined for pollen and phytoliths from the fill of a rock-filled pit at 24TT230. Radiocarbon ages place occupation between 1500 and 1600 AD. Pollen analysis was undertaken to provide evidence of subsistence activities. Phytolith analysis was of particular interest to investigate the possibility that Carex was used as a pit lining, as suggested by macrofloral analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Acer Fergii Site, 48CA3227, Campbell County, Wyoming, located a few kilometers north of Antelope Creek, is a Late Plains Archaic and Late Prehistoric campsite. Loam and clay sediments give way to exposed and weathered shales across parts of the site. Local vegetation includes sparse sagebrush, short prairie grasses, and prickly pear cactus. Acer Fergii Site investigations included 25 block excavations, totaling 192 square meters, which identified hearths, lithic debitage and tools, cobble...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site LA 54147 is located in Sandoval County, New Mexico, along New Mexico Highway 258 near the intersection with Idalia Road. Situated near the northeastern end of the West Mesa, it is believed to be the site of Coronado's camp, occupied between 1540 and 1542. A single pithouse feature (2004-1) and associated ceramic artifacts were identified at the site. One pollen and one phytolith sample were collected from the pithouse. Pollen and phytolith analyses are used to provide information...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A single soil sanple was removed from a trench excavation near the edge of the Great Circle in Moundbuilders State Memorial, Newark, Ohio. The sample was examined for both pollen and phytoliths to identify local native vegetation prior to construction of the Great Circle by the Hopewell Moundbuilders.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith samples were examined from an organic stain at 41RN169 in Runnels County, Texas in an effort to identify the origin of the stain. Control samples from unstained matrix were also examined for both pollen and phytoliths to establish a record with which to compare the data obtained from examination of the stain.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

Paleoenvironmental investigations using pollen and phytolith analysis and AMS radiocarbon dating were conducted on a stratigraphic core taken from sediments associated with the Keller Site, 12D509, located in southeastern Dearborn county, Indiana. This analysis is associated with an archaeological investigation conducted by Cultural Resource Analysts of the Argosy Lawrenceburg Casino project near Lawrenceburg, Indiana. Pollen and phytolith analysis will provide local and regional landscape...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Site 15OH161, an east-facing sandstone rockshelter site in Ohio County, western Kentucky, yielded evidence of multiple occupations. While only the Archaic and Early to Middle Woodland occupations were sampled for pollen analysis and radiocarbon dates reported for features from this site range from 6050 ± 40 BP to 4230 ± 40 BP, there is also a Late Woodland/Mississippian component. Only the Archaic components were in good context, therefore. Considerable disturbance as a result of human looting...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Single pollen and phytolith samples were analyzed from an earth-oven feature in Agana, Guam to identify any remains indicative of economic activities involving plants.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Twenty pollen and ten phytolith samples were selected for analysis from a variety of proveniences within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. The sites tested were near the coast and include Wahaula A-13, HV269, HV270, HV279, HV280, HV286, HV287, HV287, and K32. Features examined include an afa terrace, a burial, house sites, a canoe shed, a pahoehoe terrace, and a refuse pit. This study is the first to focus on pollen and/or phytolith recovery and interpretation from Hawaii Volcanoes National...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Site CA-ORA-950 yielded several broken rocks with a "black core staining" that has been noted at other local sites. These rocks are usually lumped with "fire-cracked" or "thermally altered" rocks. However, they do not exhibit other evidence of heating, therefore, it is possible that the black staining may be the result of cooking residue. Pollen, phytolith, and starch granule analysis were conducted on these rock fragments in an effort to identify their use. No control samples...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Fort Center, located in Glades County, Florida, provides evidence of Late Archaic; Early, Middle, and Late Woodland, Belle Glades, Calusa, Protohistoric, Seminole, and finally 19th and 20th century occupations. Thus, occupation at this 2.5 square km earthwork site dates between 800 BC and at least the late 1800s (Victor Thompson, personal communication, September 2010). Earlier work at this site included pollen analysis that reported consistent finds of Zea mays pollen. Verification or denial of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Fort Center, located in Glades County, Florida, provides evidence of Late Archaic; Early, Middle, and Late Woodland, Belle Glades, Calusa, Protohistoric, Seminole, and finally 19th and 20th century occupations. Thus, occupation at this 2.5 square km earthwork site dates between 800 BC and at least the late 1800s (Victor Thompson, personal communication, September 2010). Earlier work at this site included pollen analysis that reported consistent finds of Zea mays pollen. Verification or denial of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Dung from locations in Arizona and Russia were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. Pontatoc Ridge Shelter exhibited a surface mat dating approximately 14,000 yr BP. Dung recovered from a pica nest in permafrost in association with Pleistocene-age mammals such as mammoth and rhino. Analysis of microscopic remains (pollen and phytoliths) was undertaken to identify local vegetation at the time each of these dung deposits accumulated.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Site 33DL228 is a multi-component (prehistoric and historical) site located in Delaware County, Ohio. The site was originally documented during Phase I survey of a pipeline corridor. Located on a terrace west of the Scioto River, it flanks an unnamed intermittent stream and is situated within an agricultural field used to grow alfalfa, corn, and soybeans. The goal of the pollen and phytolith analysis is to establish a picture of the paleoenvironment, especially with regard to forest...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Fill from two features and a short stratigraphic column were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis from site 15SC183, located in Scott County, northern Kentucky, an area found within the Inner Bluegrass physiographic region. This site is positioned within the floodplain of Cane Run and consists of an intact living surface and/or midden within the alluvial deposits along the stream. Radiocarbon dates and available diagnostic materials indicate an occupation extending from the Early and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Four samples from lightly stained basin features at Site LA 60977, New Mexico were submitted for pollen and phytolith analyses. Two of the samples, from Features 9 and 11 were analyzed for pollen and two, from Features 10 and 12, were analyzed for phytoliths. Site LA 60977, is located south of the Moriarty Airport, approximately 43 miles east of Albuquerque, New Mexico. The goal of this analysis is to identify use of the features through pollen and phytolith analyses.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Soil samples collected fran Hawaiian fish pond deposits and sediment beneath the fish pond were examined for pollen and phytoliths. In the absence of specific research questions these analyses sought to identify local vegetation during use of the fish pond and previous to that use.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Four soil samples from possible gardens at La Perouse on Easter Island were examined for pollen and phytoliths. Microscopic analysis was conducted on these samples in an effort to identify crops grown in this area.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Groundstone tools and ceramic sherds from site 41PN175 were submitted for pollen, phytolith, and starch grain analyses. This site is a middle-late Caddoan farmstead or hamlet located in Panola County, in eastern Texas. Pollen, starch, and phytolith analyses were used to recover and identify microscopic plant remains derived from processing and cooking activities.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Playa 9 is a complex of sites surrounding a tiny playa approximately 1.5 km south of Scott's village. Pollen and phytolith analysis examine hearth fill and structure floors from this area to identify evidence of subsistence activities. Occupations examined in this study range from 420 BP to 1300 BP.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted to identify the possible use of native vegetation during the occupation of the late Prehistoric Pelican Hill site (Ca-Ora-662). To date, no extensive archaeobotanical investigations have been conducted for this area to verify and characterize native plant use. Samples were obtained from hearths, groundstone tools and midden deposits.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. PaleoResearch Institute.

Three pollen and two phytolith samples were selected for analysis from Agat and Agana swamps on Guam. Identification of local vegetation and evidence of cultivation was sought from these data bases. In addition, single pollen and phytolith samples were collected for analysis from an earth-oven deposit in Tumon, Guam. Identification of the use of the oven, which contained burned coral chunks and prehistoric pottery, was sought through various analyses.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith analysis of sediments from four sites in Newberry Crater were examined to establish records of differences in vegetation between the pre-Mazama (10,000-8,000 BP and 8,000-6700 BP) and the post-Mazama (3300-1300 BP) time periods represented. Sites 35DS220 and 35DS219 are presented by samples from the modern surface, as well as post-Mazama paleosols estimated to range in age from 3300 to 1300 BP. Site 35DS486 is represented by samples collected from post-Mazama deposits....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Residue scrapings from the insides of two Shoshoni ware pottery vessels were examined for pollen and phytoliths. Several rim sherds that fit together (NSM-108) were found near Glenn's Ferry, Idaho. The other residue scrapings were removed from a whole vessel with a flat bottom and flaring sides from Silver Creek in central Nevada (NSM-148). Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken in an effort to identify the origin of the residues. The residue from Idaho (NSM-108) appeared to have...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Rock features of undetermined function and unknown prehistoric cultural affiliation were excavated on the Bullhead Parkway Project. Pollen and phytolith samples were examined from a small rock ring and a rock pile at site AZ F:14:123- 8(ASM) and a medium rock ring at site AZ F: 14:123-22 (ASM) to identify the function of these features.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Holotunich, an historical site in Belize, was occupied in the late 19th to early 20th century. The San Pedro Maya, who were Caste War refuges, occupied the site between the 1860s and the 1890s. During the early 20th century, this site functioned as a British logging camp from approximately 1920 to 1945. Archival data indicates that the Maya engaged in agriculture and also occasionally worked in the logging camps. Phytolith analysis was undertaken to identify evidence of plants and search...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Jaime Dexter. R.A. Varney.

Pollen and phytolith samples were examined from site LA 457, a multi-component Jornada Mogollon village site with occupations ranging from the Late Archaic through the El Paso phase. The samples were collected during the replacement of a waterline from the La Luz Filtration Plant to the Green Reservoir in southern New Mexico because a 752 meter segment of the pipeline passed through portions of the site. Samples examined represent two pit house floors, fill from a probable Archaic hearth,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Thirty-five samples of sediment adhering to a variety of vessels and grinding stones from the site of Gegharot in Armenia were examined for pollen and phytoliths. Samples were obtained by washing the tools in the field, then submitting the washes to PaleoResearch Institute. They were received in two shipments, allowing preliminary analysis of the first fifteen samples to assess issues of preservation prior to completing the study. Recovery of both pollen and phytoliths from the initial samples...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken on three samples from an off-site stratigraphic profile to provide a description of local and regional vegetation that could be interpreted to provide paleoenvironmental information. This profile was exposed in a backhoe trench located offsite, but near a Mesilla Phase archaeological site at Ft. Bliss, Texas. The trench transected five strata that appear to be a buried paleosol overlain by a recent eolian sand sheet. The paleosol consists of a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Stratigraphic sediment samples were collected at Ais Giorkis for phytolith analysis. The uppermost sample serves as a modern analog, and radiocarbon ages indicate the profile is intact (Rolfe Mandel, personal communication, January 5, 2018). Phytolith analysis was requested because isotope values show a C3 signature with little variation through time (Rolfe Mandel, personal communication, January 5, 2018). Pollen analysis was recommended by PaleoResearch Institute staff as the better measure of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Nine phytolith samples and six pollen samples were submitted for analysis from Tor al-Tareeq and Thalab al-Buhayra, Jordan as part of the Eastern Hasa Late Pleistocene Project (EHLPP). These samples represent Early Upper Paleolithic deposits along an ancient lake at Thalab al-Buhayra and Early Epipaleolithic and Neolithic occupations at Tor al-Tareeq. Pollen and phytolith analyses was undertaken to inform concerning local vegetation associated with a Pleistocene lake and a series of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Three burned manos and two control samples were collected from a habitation camp east of Aliso Creek in Orange County. The samples were collected from features 10 and 13, which are burned rock features or hearths. The samples were examined in an effort to discern what these manos might have been used to process.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Jaime Dexter.

Site 41MV145 is located approximately six miles east of the Rio-Grande near the western edge of Maverick County in south Texas. The Archaic site was originally recorded as a light surface scatter of burned rock and lithic debris. Subsequent subsurface reconnaissance was conducted, revealing cultural materials to a maximum depth of 70 cmbs, with the densest artifact concentration in the upper 30 cm. The artifact assemblage included a Clearfork biface and a Nueces biface, as well as lithic...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 38CH1541, dating to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, represents the main Mullet Hall Plantation settlement. Mullet transferred the property to James Legare, but there is little evidence of occupation postbellum. Samples from three Colonial era trash pits, two wall trenches, and four storage pits, were examined for pollen and phytoliths to inform concerning economic activities at the plantation. Site 38CH1542 includes two linear slave settlements, appearing on maps in 1854. One...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Fort Benning Data Recovery Project includes eight sites within Chattahoochee County, west-central Georgia. Sites 9CE1041 and 9CE1942 are situated in the sand hills of the Coastal Plains, near Columbus, Georgia. One sediment sample from each was submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis to ascertain environmental and cultural information from these sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Fill samples from a possible agricultural mound at site CSH 53 and a basalt mound at site CSH 62, Maui, Hawaii, were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. These analyses were undertaken to identify what plants were grown at the agricultural mound and identify a function for the basalt mound.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Combined pollen and phytolith samples were examined from three features at 32MO1374 and 32MO1375, located in Morton County, North Dakota. Site 32MO1374 is located on the bank of Otter Creek, while site 32MO1375 lies on the terrace above the creek. Pollen and phytoliths were examined to provide information concerning vegetation at the time of occupation and also identify plants processed in these features.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Jammi L. Ladwig.

Soil samples from the East Garden of the 18th-century Stratford Hall Plantation in Westmoreland County, Virginia, were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. Results will be used to assist with the process of identifying plants cultivated in the possible planting bed features of the garden.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Five soil samples from the Lower Creek Road Site (SUBi-2677; NYSM-11736) located in Tompkins County, New York, were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. The site is associated with a farmstead that was built prior to 1853 and demolished by 1900. This analysis was undertaken to better understand production and consumption activities and their associated work areas.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

A total of 33 samples from the Bladen Branch region of the Southern Maya Mountains, Belize were submitted for possible pollen and phytolith analysis. These samples represent different sites and features from the Muklebal Tzul, Ek Xux, and Quebrada de Oro (QDO) valleys situated along the Bladen Branch. Radiocarbon dates from Maya cultural contexts suggest these sites share a Late-Terminal Classic component (A.D. 600-900). The Maya Mountain region of Belize is dominated by tropical rainforest...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Palawai 9 project area is situated on Manele Bay of Lanai Island within Maui County, Hawaii. Two samples from a possible agricultural mound and a terrace of unknown function at Site T-06112013-1 were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. Analysis was undertaken to address use of the mound and terrace and to help determine if either represents pre-contact Hawaiian occupation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Fifteen manos and metates from the Talega Site (CA-ORA-907) were submitted for pollen or phytolith analysis. This multi-occupation, habitation site yielded radiocarbon ages that ranged in age from 500 to at least 9,620 BP, while dates from the third pedostratigraphic unit ranged from cal BP 4370-3800. Older features from the fifth pedostratigraphic unit are estimated to range in age from 6,000 to 8,000 years old (Personal communication, Michael Tuma, July 27, 2004). Seven of these...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

The Three O'clock Shelter (5WL1997) is a multi-component rockshelter located in the West Stoneham Archaeological District of the Pawnee National Grassland in northeastern Colorado. Six pollenand phytolith samples were collected from several culturally affiliated layers in and around the rock shelter. The seventh sample previously was examined (Cummings et al. 1995) and was integrated with the present data base. The samples generally represent areas of low cultural impact or areas peripheral...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Previous pollen analysis of a sample associated with a burial from site 41HY163 in south-central Texas yielded possible evidence of Zea mays pollen. Because the identification was tentative, an additional soil sample was submitted to PaleoResearch Institute for testing. Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted for the specific purpose of finding any evidence for the presence of Zea mays or to find pollen types that might be confused with Zea mays. After completion of the pollen and phytolith...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

Previous pollen analysis of a sample associated with a burial from site 41HY163 yielded possible evidence of Zea mays pollen. Because the identification was tentative, an additional sample was submitted to Paleo Research Institute for testing. Pollen and phytolith analyses were conducted for the specific purpose of finding any evidence for the presence of Zea mays or to find any suspicious looking remains that might be confused with Zea mays.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Two sediment cores from Drayton Hall were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis of sediments at two depths for each core to search for evidence of rice agriculture. Core 1 was collected from the middle portion of the basin, while Core 2 represents the upper portion. Two pollen and two phytolith samples were examined from each core after it was opened and described.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Ten sediment samples from two cultural settings and a control setting were examined for pollen and phytoliths. These samples are part of a study of the modern record of human activity at these sites, which are currently occupied. Sites A and M represent areas of occupation, while site C represents the control setting. Pollen and phytolith analysis yielded an abundance of remains.