PaleoResearch Institute

DOCUMENT Full-Text Elizabeth Hickey. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples were submitted for analysis from five sites (41EP1621, 41EP1623, 41EP5622, 41EP5815, and 41EP5849) on the Fort Bliss Military Reservation, Texas. These sites are believed to represent Formative occupations of the area from AD 200-1450. Two pieces of groundstone and two sherd samples were submitted for pollen, starch, and organic residue analysis, the latter using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Two small stones were sent for x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Kathryn Puseman.

Excavation project 888M is located east of the Pecos River in southeastern New Mexico in the Mescalero Sands. The site is located within the parabolic dune setting of the sand sheet. Two thermal features, with no associated artifacts, were discovered during ground clearing activities for the preparation of a well pad. Feature 1 dated to 1400 ± 60 radiocarbon years BP, and Feature 2 dated to 1280 ± 60 RCYBP. Two macrofloral and one pollen sample from Feature 1 and two macrofloral and two...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Laura Buethel.

Nine pollen, six phytolith, and six macrofloral samples were analyzed from site 26CK3601, Burnt Rock Spring Mound. Samples were recovered from undifferentiated midden fill encountered in three excavation units surrounding the spring mound. These samples were evaluated for potential local environmental information, seasonality information including seasonal rainfall patterns, changes in the vegetation community through time, and for evidence of plant domestication or plants exotic to the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Fill from a hearth at site 24RL0371 in eastern Montana, near the North Dakota border, was examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Charcoal and charred botanics recovered from the hearth fill were submitted for identification and AMS radiocarbon dating. A projectile point also was examined for possible protein residues. This site is a pre-contact (Middle Archaic) lithic scatter and historic trash dump. The prehistoric component might have been used as a long-term or multi-seasonal campsite....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Fill samples from a hearth and three midden features at site LA 32882 in southeastern New Mexico were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. An El Paso brownware sherd from one of the midden features also was examined for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). This site is a long-term seasonal camp, and recovery of two brownware ceramic sherds indicate that the area was utilized by the Jornada Mogollon (AD 200-1400). The various analyses are used to gain...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Sediment samples from a fluvial trench of late Quaternary age in Kingston, Jamaica, were examined for pollen to establish a pollen record. These samples also were floated to recover charred macrofloral remains suitable for AMS radiocarbon dating. In the absence of macroscopic fragments of charred organic material, the sediment samples were processed to obtain microscopic charcoal and/or organic material for dating.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. R.A. Varney.

Six samples from colluvial wedges on the California Wash fault in Clark County, Nevada, were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. All six samples were processed to recover humates for AMS radiocarbon dating. In addition, two samples from the Central Wildcat Wash fault and two samples from the Southern Wildcat Wash fault in Lincoln County, Nevada, also were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. AMS radiocarbon dates were obtained for one piece of charcoal and two humate...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Gerald Kelso.

Samples from columns at several sites within Phillips Laboratory on Edwards Air Force Base, California, were examined for pollen remains. These sites have the potential for being affected by activities associated with hazardous waste investigations and remediation activities. Pollen analysis on these column samples is used to provide information on the paleoenvironment and assess the potential for future studies. Two flotation samples were also examined from a possible deflated hearth to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux. Laura Ruggiero.

Five paired pollen, macrofloral, and charcoal samples were examined from features at 48SW11392. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the occupants of this site. Charcoal was removed and identified from these features prior to submitting the charcoal to Beta Analytic for radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon dates suggest a Late Prehistoric occupation of the area.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Four archaeological sites in Yellowstone National Park were examined for pollen and/or macrofloral remains. Site 24YE32/48YE765 is a large camp site with three cultural horizons situated on the Montana/Wyoming border. Site 24YE14 exhibited both an historic and a Pelican Lake prehistoric component. Site 24YE344 is an open campsite with evidence of three occupations. Samples from Site 24YE354 represent Late Prehistoric fire-cracked rock hearths/roasting pits. Pollen and macrofloral analyses...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Jaime Dexter.

The Bluff Great House, site 42SA22674, is located along the San Juan River in southeast Utah. This site is a Chacoan Great House occupied during the Pueblo II (Chaco era) and Pueblo III (post-Chaco) periods. The Bluff Great House Site originally was excavated by the Universlty of Colorado's field school from 1996-1998, with on-going additional excavations. This site has several Chacoan settlement characteristics, including a multi-storied Great House surrounded by an earthen berm/trash...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Barbara Winsborough.

Two sediment samples collected from a black, organic layer exposed in a trench at Pipe Spring National Monument, Arizona, were examined for pollen, diatoms, and/or macrofloral remains. This layer is believed to represent an intact, natural organic stratum that formed when water ponded at the mouth of the spring. Pollen, macrofloral, and diatom analyses will be used to define environmental information and local vegetation at the time this stratum was deposited. Pollen analysis provides evidence...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Peter Kováčik. Barbara Winsborough. Jennifer L.B. Milligan.

The Bear Creek site (45KI839), a multicomponent Paleoindian site, is situated on the northern bank of the lower reach of Bear Creek in King County, Washington. A core was extracted from undisturbed sediments in the eastern portion of the site using a three-inch diameter, beveled section of ABS tube that was pushed through Strata II, Va, Vb, Vc, and VI. Multiple analyses, including pollen, macrofloral, and diatom, of the core sediments were undertaken to provide information about the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Paired pollen and macrofloral samples were submitted for analysis from four features and two sediment zones at Hyatt Hill, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee. Examination of pollen and macrofloral remains from the two sediment zones was designed to establish baseline data concerning recovery of these remains outside cultural areas. Analysis of pollen and macrofloral remains from four features was undertaken in an effort to identify use of plants by people occupying this area. In...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from features at several sites on the Sanchez Copper Data Recovery Project area in southeastern Arizona were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. In addition, two stone knives with fibrous plant materials adhering to them were submitted to identify the type of fibers present. These knives are believed to have been used for slicing agave. Features sampled for pollen and macrofloral remains include roasting pits, hearths, waffle gardens, rock piles, and rock rings. Pollen and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from subfloor features in a Fremont pithouse excavated at site 42DC769 in northeast Utah were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains, as well as for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). A pollen control was collected from the modern surface. In addition, the fill from five extramural features was examined using FTIR. This site is located in Nine Mile Canyon, known for its numerous rock art panels. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Pollen samples were examined from strata in a trench at site 42Wn2151 on the south side of the Fremont River Valley in Wayne County, south-central Utah. Pollen samples also were recovered from a poured clay floor believed to represent an outdoor work area or ramada that burned, while fill from a hearth noted in the poured clay floor was examined for macrofloral remains and for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Diagnostic artifacts and radiocarbon dates...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from the fill of a large hearth in a large pit house (Structure 1), and from a pit house floor (Structure 2) at site AZ B:16:105 in northern Arizona, were submitted for preliminary macrofloral, botanic, and organic residue (FTIR) analyses. Pollen analysis also was conducted on samples from the pit house floor. This site represents a pit house occupation during the AD 1060s. Preliminary pollen, macrofloral, botanic, and FTIR analyses will be used to identify economic activity at this...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from the fill of a large hearth in a large pit house (Structure 1), and from a pit house floor (Structure 2) at site AZ B:16:105 in northern Arizona were submitted for macrofloral, botanic, and organic residue (FTIR) analyses. Pollen analysis also was conducted on samples from Structure 2 floor. This site represents a pit house occupation during the AD 1060s. Pollen, macrofloral, botanic, and FTIR analyses will be used to identify economic activity at this site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Peter Kováčik. Jennifer L.B. Milligan.

Sites 42KA7714 and 42KA7715, Kane County, Utah, were documented during monitoring of Highway 89 construction in the Kanab Canyon vicinity (MOAC 13-307 project). An isolated basin-shaped hearth (42KA7714) provided a radiocarbon date of AD 970-1025. This basin yielded charcoal, fire-altered rock, and bone fragments, but no other artifacts (Hanna Romes, personal communication June 23, 2015). Macrofloral and pollen analysis was requested for two samples from Feature A, site 42KA7714. Located...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from the fill at the bottom of a slab-lined basin, site 42DA1251, were examined for pollen, macrofloral remains, and organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). This site is located just north of Flaming Gorge in northeast Utah. Occupation dates for this feature are expected to be Archaic. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized by the site occupants. A control pollen sample was...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Elizabeth Hickey. Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan. Kathryn Puseman.

Five hearth fill samples from site LA 159158 in the Loco Hills region of New Mexico were submitted for macrofloral analysis. The samples were excavated as part of an oil spill remediation project at Well Site RJ Unit 123. Macrofloral analysis will be used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the prehistoric occupants of the area. One mano fragment and two ceramic sherds were also submitted for pollen and organic residue analysis, respectively. The ceramic sherds were...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Melissa K. Logan.

Fill from seven hearth features at site LA126455 in Roswell, Chaves County, southeast New Mexico were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Fire cracked rock from one of the hearths was examined for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). After identification, samples of charcoal from these hearths was radiocarbon dated. Macrofloral, pollen, and organic residue analysis will be used to provide subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen, macrofloral, and/or parasite samples were analyzed from proveniences associated with West Rowhouse #5 (46JF209), Schofield House (46JF211), and Wernwag House (46JF212) near the Shenandoah River on Virginius Island, Harper's Ferry National Historical Park. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are expected to provide information about the changing physical, social, and economic characteristics of the Virginius Island community during the 19th century. The occupants of the island experienced...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Four samples were analyzed for pollen, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains from a collapsed pit structure at 26CK948 on the Las Vegas Springs Preserve, Nevada. These samples were evaluated to determine if information could be gathered regarding possible use of plant materials associated with the construction or occupation of the structure.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Sediment samples from prehistoric sites 26CK3799, 26CK4908, and 26CK4415 were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. A rock with residue from a roasting pit at 26CK4908 also was washed for phytoliths. Site 26CK3799 represents a temporary resource procurement and processing area, while 26CK4908 is a rockshelter and roasting pit complex. Site 26CK4415 consists of a small rockshelter that contained a large packrat nest. Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral analyses at these sites will be used...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Sediment samples from prehistoric sites 26CK3799, 26CK4908, and 26CK4415 were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. A rock with residue from a roasting pit at 26CK4908 also was washed for phytoliths. Site 26CK3799 represents a temporary resource procurement and processing area, while 26CK4908 is a rockshelter and roasting pit complex. Site 26CK4415 consists of a small rockshelter that contained a large packrat nest. Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral analyses at these sites will be...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen, starch, macrofloral, and/or protein residue analyses were conducted on samples representing three pit structures, features within the pit structures, and extramural features at site 42Gr2069 in southeast Utah. Radiocarbon ages range from 1820 ± 40 to 1980 ± 50 BP. Pollen, starch, and macrofloral analyses were targeted towards obtaining subsistence information for use of the vegetal portion of the resource base from several of the structures and features. Protein residue analysis was...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

A packrat midden from inside a small, south-facing rockshelter (site LA 134890) in southeast New Mexico was sampled for pollen and macrofloral remains. The remains of a burned packrat midden and general fill of the shelter also were examined for macrofloral remains. Charcoal samples from the packrat midden and from the shelter fill were identified prior to submission for radiocarbon analysis, while four lithic flakes were tested for possible protein residues. Radiocarbon analysis of charcoal...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from a dry cave and a rock shelter at 42DA1269 in northeast Utah were examined for pollen/starch and macrofloral remains to provide evidence of plants that might have utilized by the occupants of these two shelters. One charred tissue fragment was submitted for PET analysis to recover starches and/or phytoliths to aid in identification. Ungulate dung from the lowest level of the dry cave yielded a date of 14,330 cal BP. These fecal pellets were analyzed for protein residues to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

A stacked mortar and pestle were recovered during archaeological monitoring of fuel line removal at CA-CCO-283, located along San Francisco Bay, California. Both the mortar and pestle were washed for pollen and possible protein residues. Fill within the mortar was examined for macrofloral remains and served as a control for the pollen and protein residue washes. Pollen and protein residue analyses will be used to provide information concerning possible plant and animal resources processed with...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen, Macrofloral, and Protein Residue Analysis at Site 24CB1332 in southern Montana.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Pollen, macrofloral, and protein residue analyses were conducted on samples from 32ME254. This large stone ring site consisted of 87 features in central North Dakota. These features are situated around a large slough and north-south trending drainage. A core was removed from a slough near 32ME254 and sampled at close intervals to provide a pollen record to interpret the paleoenvironment. A radiocarbon age of 4670 + 50 BP (calibrated to 3620-3345 BC) is reported for the base of the core. In...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from Site 48CA450 in northeast Wyoming were submitted for pollen, macrofloral, and protein residue analysis. This site may be a multicomponent site with surface and subsurface components. The deeper buried horizon yielded Pelican Lake style projectile points. Other Pelican Lake sites in the area have yielded radiocarbon dates of 3,000 - 3,800 B.P. The surface features are believed to be younger, and may yield radiocarbon dates around 1100 + B.P. One surface sample and fifteen...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathy Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from five archaeological sites in southwest Utah were submitted for pollen and macrofloral analysis to provide information concerning plant resources utilized at the various sites. Artifacts from three of the sites were analyzed for possible protein residues to determine use of animal resources. Sites 42Ws2871 and 42Ws2872 are located within the city limits of St. George. Site 42Ws2871 is a rock shelter with numerous associated features. A conventional radiocarbon age of 310 ± 40 BP,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Jaime Dexter.

Pollen, macrofloral, and protein residue samples were examined from site 42WN2489, located in the upper Fremont River Valley in Wayne County, Utah. The prehistoric component of the site consists of three distinct clusters of cultural material. The site is associated with Archaic Pinto Series projectile points, which generally date to 8300-6200 BP in stratified cave contexts in Utah. Ten pollen and nine macrofloral samples were collected from Feature 2, a pithouse in the area designated...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Jaime Dexter.

Samples were collected and examined from multiple prehistoric sites in the Ashley National Forest of northwestern Utah, including site 42DA145, three rock shelter sites (42DA836, 42DC1211, and 42DC316) and the Clegg Vessel site. All of the sites have been associated with the Fremont culture. Soil samples from these sites were analyzed for evidence of pollen/starches and macrofloral remains, while stone tools from 42DA145 were analyzed for possible protein residues. Pollen, starch, and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

This large report discussing and interpreting the pollen and macrofloral records for the Beaver Creek sites 48FR3244, 48ER3245, 48ER3243, 48ER3091, 48ER3092, and 48FR3242 is organized to provide information to many different readers. A review of ethnobotanic literature provides a summary of recorded historic uses for many of the plant types represented in this record. This review is meant to provide a guideline for potential uses of the various plants, not to imply that we can reconstruct the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from two test units at Site CA-LAN-1702 in Edwards Air Force Base, southern California, were examined for pollen, macrofloral remains, and/or possible protein residues. This site contained an unusually large amount of burned bones, a possible milling stone, and lithic artifacts. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the occupants of this site. Protein residue analysis of soil from an organic layer will be examined for...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from a hearth in Block A at Site 32WE34 in east central North Dakota were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Site 32WE34 contains conical and linear mounds and areas of relatively rich cultural material scatter. Pollen and macrofloral analyses of the hearth fill are used to provide information concerning plant resources processed in the hearth. A pollen sample from the lower 5cm of the Paleosol in Block C also was examined to identify plants associated with the formation...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen, macrofloral, and protein residue analyses were performed on soil samples and artifacts from eleven sites in the North Mine Extension Area, Mercer County, North Dakota. The fifteen pollen samples and four macrofloral samples were collected from hearth features, with the exception of samples from a possible cache pit (Feature 1) at Site 32ME1364. The pollen samples were systematically collected from five features at five different sites, with three pollen samples being collected from the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from proveniences associated with stone tipi rings at the Bees Nest Site (32ME175) , were analyzed for pollen and macrofloral remains. This site is a multicomponent site in west-central North Dakota, containing a minimum of 134 stone circles/arcs, 64 rock cairns, and 10 rock alignments. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to address subsistence activities at the site. In addition, flaked stone tools from this site were analyzed for possible blood proteins. Immunological studies have...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Cynthia Adkins. R.A. Varney.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were collected from two sites located approximately 50 miles north-northeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. Sites 26CK192 and 26CK194/1893 represent Anasazi occupations associated with a rockshelter and the head of a deep box canyon. Pollen and macrofloral samples were examined to identify subsistence activities at these sites, as well as to compare subsistence activities between the sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen, macrofloral, and/or charcoal samples were examined from twelve sites in the Escalante Basin of south-central Utah. The samples are from excavations carried out by Brigham Young University in 2001, 2002, and 2003. These sites represent Formative occupations of the area, with both Fremont and Kayenta Anasazi adaptations present. Charcoal samples were identified prior to submission for radiocarbon dating. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to address subsistence and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from site 48NA465 in central Wyoming were submitted for pollen, macrofloral, charcoal identification, and protein residue analyses. This site appears to contain four separate cultural components based on absolute radiocarbon dates and diagnostic artifacts and to have been used for lithic tool manufacturing, hunting bison and smaller animals, and roasting and cooking activities. Pollen and macrofloral analysis, including charcoal identification, of samples from feature fill and/or...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen, macrofloral, charcoal, and corn cob samples were examined from Deer Creek Rockshelter (42GA3128), located near Boulder, Utah. This shallow rockshelter contains Late Archaic/Formative materials. Proximity of this shelter to the Coombs site in Boulder indicates that upper levels of this rockshelter might contain Anasazi materials. Pollen, macrofloral, and charcoal analyses were undertaken to identify economic activities within the rockshelter and identify local woody plants and/or...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Melissa K. Logan.

Sediment, charcoal, feature fill, and fire-cracked rock samples from sites 45SN28 and 45SN303 in Snohomish County, northwestern Washington, were submitted for pollen, macrofloral, and organic residue analyses to provide subsistence information. These samples were also submitted for charcoal identification and AMS radiocarbon dating to establish chronology. Organic residues were recovered for identification using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Pollen, macrofloral, and FTIR...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Mona Lambert.

Site 42Ws4832, located in Washington County, southwest Utah, contains slab-lined thermal features, a spiral alignment of upright slabs, a surface rock cairn, rock scatters, lithic flakes, and ceramic sherds. Samples from the fill of six slab-lined thermal features were examined for pollen, macrofloral remains, and/or for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Charcoal fragments from five of the features also were AMS radiocarbon dated. Pollen and macrofloral...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Mona Lambert. R.A. Varney. Chad Yost.

Site 42Ws4832, located in Washington County, southwest Utah, contains thermal features, a surface rock cairn, rock scatters, lithic flakes, and ceramic sherds. Samples from the fill of four slab-lined thermal features were examined for pollen, macrofloral remains, and/or for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Charcoal fragments from three of the features also were AMS radiocarbon dated. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide subsistence...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Elizabeth Hickey. Kathryn Puseman.

Site 5PE232 and the Brown Palace site were excavated as part of the Saint Charles River Project. The sites are located on the canyon rim of the Saint Charles River approximately 24 miles southeast of Pueblo, Colorado. Three samples from hearth contexts at 5PE232 were submitted for macrofloral analysis, and Pinus charcoal from one of the hearths was submitted for AMS radiocarbon dating. Two samples from a storage/cache feature at the Brown Palace site were submitted for pollen, macrofloral,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 42GR3222 in the town of Moab, Utah, was discovered during 2002 construction activities for the city of Moab's Tusher Storm Drain project. This site is believed to represent a stratified habitation site dating to the Basketmaker II period. Features found at the site include a midden, two large bell-shaped pits, a smaller possible storage pit, a possible hearth, a burned pit structure with several internal features and a human burial, a possible pit structure, and a rock-lined pit....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Chad Yost.

Samples from sites 42WS3544, 42WS3552, 42WS3554, 42WS3557, 42WS3559, 42WS4197, 42WS4198, 42WS4242, 42WS4251, 42WS4682, and 42WS4247 in the Sand Hollow 2 Project area of Washington, County, southwest Utah, were examined for pollen, macrofloral, protein, and organic residues, the latter using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Pollen, protein and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized by the various occupants of these...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Cynthia Adkins.

A soil column at site 42GR3164 in the Professor Valley Ranch, southeast Utah, was sampled for pollen and macrofloral remains. The soil column was placed in an area that is believed to have been the location where a large comer-notched knife made of gray chert was previously found by workers installing an irrigation pipe in a hayfield, and it appeared to be at the edge of prehistoric site 42GR3164, which had been recorded at an earlier date. The irrigation pipe trench was re-opened, and a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Sites 42Ka4478 and 42Ka6293 are prehistoric Virgin Anasazi occupations located north of Kanab, Utah, and east of Kanab Creek. Radiocarbon dates of 1570 ± 40 BP and 1670 ± 40 BP from 42Ka4478 reflect a Basketmaker occupation, while the presence of decorated ceramics and radiocarbon dates from corn cobs of 1340 ± 40 BP and 1170 ± 40 BP at 42Ka6293 indicate a Pueblo I association. Samples from features at sites 42Ka4478 and 42Ka6293 were examined for pollen and/or macrofloral remains to provide...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Melissa K. Logan. Chad Yost.

Column samples from site CA-SDI-10690 at Camp Pendleton in San Diego County, California, were submitted for macrofloral analysis. Protein residue, organic residue (FTIR) and pollen analyses were conducted on three stone tools, and pollen control samples were examined from the four corners of the site. This site represents a lithic and tool scatter associated with a Luiseño occupation. The goal of these analyses was to identify plant and animal remains useful in interpreting subsistence and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan. Chad Yost.

This Fremont residential site (42EM53) is situated on a ridge top west of Muddy Creek in Castle Valley, a broad valley with a highly varied topography. Samples from activity area fill, hearths, a pit structure, and a storage pit were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. A fire-cracked rock from the fill of a hearth and a grinding stone from one of the activity areas were examined for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). A side scraper from the activity...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Two samples of honey were submitted to determine the difference that might account for crystallization and bad taste of one of the honeys (Table 1). Pollen, organic residue (FTIR), and elemental analysis (pXRF) were used to investigate possible contaminants and to identify the plants visited by the bees. One sample (sample 2), produced in Atascadero, California, was characterized as having a particularly good flavor. The other sample (sample 1), produced near Morro Bay, California, was submitted...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Jennifer L.B. Milligan.

The Stateline Solar Farm (SSF) Project Area, located in the Mojave’s Desert’s Ivanpah Valley, San Bernardino County, California, occupies a predominately flat area between several mountain ranges. Lakebed and alluvial fans dating through the Pleistocene as well as a Precambrian outcrop comprise the 6,487 acres encompassed by the project area (Hannah Hicok, personal communication May 6, 2015). During construction monitoring archaeologists located four possible hearths (STM-034, STM-036, STM-040,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Peter Kováčik. Linda Scott Cummings.

The Sargent Street Site lies within a 1.3 acre block in Cohoes, Albany County, New York. Trenches excavated in the northern portion of the block exposed various historic deposits, including a wood-lined privy (Adam Luscier, personal communication January 19, 2018). The night soil situated below an approximately 30 cm thick layer of coal was sampled for pollen, parasite, and macrofloral analysis. Macrofloral and pollen analysis identify plant foods consumption and trash disposal during mid- to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Privy fill from the 2nd Los Pinos Indian Agency (5OR139East) near Montrose, Colorado, was examined for pollen, parasites, and macrofloral remains to identify elements of the diet and parasites present. This privy is believed to be associated with the mess house at the Indian Agency, which operated from 1875 to 1881. Pollen and macrofloral analysis of the privy fill will be used to provide information concerning foods eaten and trash disposed of by the privy users. Parasite analysis will...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from the lower organic levels of a privy at the Chief Ouray Homesite, 5MN847, near Montrose, Colorado, were examined for pollen, parasites, and macrofloral remains to identify elements of the diet and parasites present. Privy deposits are believed to represent use of the privy by Chief Ouray, his wife Chipeta, and Ute and Mexican tenants from 1876 to the 1890s. Privy fill from the 2nd Los Pinos Indian Agency (50R139East) near Montrose, Colorado, also was examined for pollen,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux. Laura Ruggiero.

Fill from three privy features and a possible privy/trash feature at the Manteno Townsite, 13SH27, in west-central Iowa was sampled for pollen, parasite, and macrofloral remains. This townsite is believed to date from the 1850s-1880s. The four features sampled were found in close proximity to one another but may reflect different use periods, although there may be some overlap. Pollen and macrofloral analysis of the three privy features will be used to provide information concerning foods...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from a privy, a midden, and a cistern at the Woodcliff Lodge Historic Archaeological Site on the Marist College Campus in Poughkeepsie, New York, were sampled to recover pollen and parasites. In addition, nightsoil from the privy was examined for macrofloral remains. The Woodcliff Estate was established in the late 19th century by John Flack Winslow, owner of the Troy Ironworks. Mr. Winslow retired to Woodcliff Estate in Poughkeepsie in 1867. The site currently consists of the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill from three historic privies in Oakland, California, were examined for pollen, parasites, and macrofloral remains. This portion of Oakland was mostly a middle class, suburban neighborhood at the time of deposition. Features 17 and 40 are believed to have been used by German families and to date to ca. 1875. Feature 1 is a privy of unknown affiliation and is believed to date to the 1860s. Pollen and macrofloral analysis will be used to identify dietary and nondietary plant remains in the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill from the bottom of a privy pit at Soldier Park camp, AS-1941, in northeast Utah was examined for pollen, parasites, macrofloral remains, and organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). A modern control pollen sample was collected from multiple locations across the site surface for comparison. This site is a Historic military camp associated with construction of the Carter Military Road, built from 1881 to 1884 across the Uinta Mountains between Ft. Bridger,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

La Alberca Rockshelter is a highland cliff painting site located in the Tancítaro volcanic range foothills, Michoacan, Mexico. The site exhibits Mesoamerican motifs on the primary rock panel, while Archaic motifs are distributed throughout the cliff walls. Excavations at the rockshelter recovered obsidian flakes, an obsidian arrowhead, a smoothing or polishing rock, faunal remains, and a human skeleton. The burial included grave goods, and upon further excavation, it appears to have been...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Chad Yost.

Two samples of coprolitic deposits or sediment containing human excrement from site LA 158037 were examined for pollen, parasite eggs, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains. This site is located in downtown Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was excavated as part of the Executive Office Building Data Recovery project. Samples were recovered from a cesspit or early septic tank used by the Beacham and Butler families during the early to middle 1900s. Analysis was undertaken to provide information concerning...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Chad Yost.

Fill samples from a privy at site 12P652 in west-central Indiana were examined for pollen, parasites, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains. Site 12P652 is the late-nineteenth century coal mining town of Nyesville, Indiana. This area is currently part of an agricultural landscape. Nyesville was established in 1872 by the Sand Creek Coal Company for the purpose of mining bituminous “block” coal. Artifacts indicate occupation ended by 1920 or earlier. Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral analyses...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

A total of ten sediment samples were examined microscopically to interpret the use of plant foods in historic Skagway. Samples were collected from areas of possible night soil use, privies, a possible grey water box, and from sediments under a saloon floor. All of the samples were examined for pollen and starch granule evidence of foods and for parasite eggs that would indicate parasitic infections. In addition, five of the samples were examined for phytolith analysis to augment the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Soil samples from excavation units associated with sections of the Battery Wall at the South Ferry Terminal Archaeological Project in New York City were examined for pollen and phytolith plant remains. Botanic samples and one floated light fraction also were sent for macrofloral identification. In addition, two botanic samples were recovered from Whitehall Slip, located east of the Battery Park excavations. All of these samples are part of ongoing archaeological investigations related to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Rosa Maria Albert.

Samples from pit structures, pits, and a trash deposit at Area 15 of Pueblo Salado were examined for pollen, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains. Area 15 represents the easternmost component of Pueblo Salado and appears to be associated with an early Classic or even a late Sedentary occupation. Previous pollen studies at Area 8/9 and 14 of Pueblo Salado showed a strong association with riverine resources, and every macrobotanical sample contained maize remains. Pollen, phytolith , and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Excavations at the site of Roztoky in the vicinity of Prague, Czech Republic, have yielded multiple houses, some of which exhibit very straight stains that appear to represent walls constructed of wood planks. Cooking hearths are present in many of these structures, and ceramics were recovered in the course of excavation. This exploratory study examines the organic residue signature using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) associated with the edge of the house and the area that...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Samples from sites FB5042, FB5044, FB17153, and FB17155 in the Fort Bliss Military Reservation project area were examined for pollen, phytoliths, and organic residues, the latter using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Pollen and phytolith analyses will be used to provide subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized, while FTIR analysis identifies both plants and animals that were processed or used.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 12GR1783 is a multiple component site located in Greene County, Indiana, that spans Late Woodland to at least Late Prehistoric cultural periods. Feature fill sediment samples and lithic tools from site 12GR1783 were submitted for pollen, phytolith, starch and protein residue analysis to better understand plant and animal resources that were utilized by the occupants of this site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Site 48CA959, located in the Porcupine watershed, yielded several Late Prehistoric, small diameter, cylindrical pit/oven features and at least one pit hearth. Calibrated radiocarbon ages reported for the pit/oven features range from AD 390 to AD 1000 and a corner notched Late Archaic point was found on site. Four pollen and phytolith samples were examined from a stratigraphic column to obtain a record of local vegetation from slightly prior to occupation until the present. Five of the pit/oven...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pernil Alto is located on the Rio Grande in an arid coastal desert in Southern Peru. Water is supplied by rivers from the Andes. Ten pieces of groundstone that included mortars and a single stone bowl fragment were washed and the resulting particles were submitted to PaleoResearch Institute for analysis to determine what plants were ground using these tools.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Rosa Maria Albert.

The Hatch Site (5WL38), Site 5WL39, Rattlesnake Shelter (5WL1856), and Three O'clock Shelter (5WL1997) all are located in the West Stoneham Pasture research area of the Pawnee National Grassland in northeastern Colorado. Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken at these sites to identify prehistoric vegetation. A single charcoal sample from a trash pit area at Three O'clock Shelter also was sent for identification. Late Plains Woodland occupation zones and deposits were noted at the Hatch...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Several samples were submitted for a variety of analyses that include pollen, phytolith and diatom extraction from sediments associated with several sites from the North Mine Project Area, located in southeastern New Mexico. The goal of these analyses is to better understand plant resources and environmental conditions associated with these archaeological sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. Barbara Winsborough.

Three sediment samples were selected for preliminary pollen, phytolith, and diatom analysis from a 885 cm-deep core collected from glacial maximum-age sediments deposited in Devil’s Lake in the Baraboo Hills of south-central Wisconsin. This analysis was designed to assess the quality of the proxy data before the continuation of analyses of additional samples. Upon completion of this analysis and based on recovery of significant quantities of microscopic charcoal in the pollen samples, four...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. Kim Kral.

Four samples from the historic Charles Towne Landing site (38CH1-PSTS) were analyzed for archaeobotanical remains. Charles Towne Landing State Park is located along the west bank of the Ashley River, across the river from Charlestown, South Carolina, which occupies the east bank of the river. The park is situated on a peninsula surrounded by tidal, salt water marshes. Upland areas are primarily comprised of mixed hardwoods and grassy openings. Samples from two possible planting features and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Samples from rooms and midden areas at Frank’s Pueblo, site LA 9032, were examined for pollen and/or macrofloral remains. This site is part of the Salinas Pueblo District in central New Mexico and is one of several small, plaza-oriented, aggregated masonry pueblos on the Chupadera Mesa that formed in the late AD 1200s. These early pueblos date to the Glaze A period, which refers both to the time period of occupation (AD 1200–1350) and the presence of Rio Grande Glaze A pottery sherds (Rautman...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. Kathryn Puseman.

Site 41DL436 lies in a floodplain of Fish Creek in Dallas County, Texas. Pollen and phytolith samples were collected stratigraphically from a column at this site as a feasibility study to examine preservation of these proxy data records. Four samples were examined for macrofloral remains to recover charred material for AMS radiocarbon dating. Charcoal from features in other areas of the site yielded radiocarbon dates from 110 BP to 1090 BP. Four AMS radiocarbon dates were obtained from various...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Five archaeological sites (AZU:15:241,AZV:13:145,AZV:13:152,AZV:13:160, and AZ V:13:162) in the Eastern Mining Area Survey Project in east-central Arizona were sampled for pollen, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains. These sites represent mainly Hohokam and/or Salado agricultural rock-pile fields. Samples were collected from field features as well as structures. Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral analyses are undertaken to provide information concerning possible plants that might have been...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral samples were analyzed from 42KA3426 to contribute to the interpretation of the nature of the site. The occupation was radiocarbon dated to 520 ± 60 BP, which yields a calibrated age of AD 1330-1430, with a mean of AD 1380 ± 50. This occupation is post- Pueblo in age and contained no diagnostic artifacts. Located within the Southern Paiute homeland and within a few miles of the Navajo Reservation, the site contained three hearths and/or fire-cracked rock...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Soil samples from adobe-walled structures, surface rooms, pit structures, a pit house, extramural fire pits, a trash pit, and a midden at Area 6 of Pueblo Salado, Site AZ T: 12 : 47 (ASM), were examined for pollen, phytolith, and/or macrofloral remains. Four pieces of groundstone also were washed to recover phytoliths. Area 6 is believed to have been occupied for an extended period of time. Feature 20, a field house, is thought to date to the late Sacaton or early Soho phase, and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from 2000 and 2001 excavations at the Backhoe Village, site 42SV662, in central Utah were examined for pollen, phytoliths, and/or macrofloral remains. Individual charcoal samples were identified prior to submission for radiocarbon analysis. This site is a Fremont habitation site with radiocarbon dates suggesting early to late Fremont associations. The Fremont are believed to have diverted water from local springs for farming. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. PaleoResearch Institute.

Four pieces of groundstone were washes for their pollen and phytolith content from the Bode's Draw site. Pollen and phytoliths were analyzed from these pieces of groundstone in an effort to determine what vegetal resources were processed with these tools. In addition, fill from two roasting features, termed ovens, was floated to recover charred macrofloral remains to assist in identifying subsistence activities at this site. Charcoal from these features, as well as a buried piece of wood...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Two archaeological sites (AZ N:4:38 (ASM) and AZ N:4 :46 (ASM)) were impacted by construction activities at Dead Horse Ranch State Park in Yavapai County, Arizona. As part of the archaeological mitigation, pollen, phytolith, macrofloral, and charcoal seed identification samples were examined from Site AZ N:4:38(ASM) . This site is a possible prehistoric horticultural or agricultural site, termed the Rock Pile Site, that also contains an historic trash midden. Most of the samples examined...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Soil samples from several sites in the U.S. Naval Reservation in the central portion of southern Guam were analyzed for pollen, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains. These sites consist of prehistoric latte sets, overhangs, and artifact scatters. Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral analyses may be used to provide information concerning plant resources that were utilized by the various occupants of these sites. Starch granules, when present, are noted in the pollen and phytolith samples....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

An adobe brick from the Martinez house at the John Mui.r National Historic Site was examined for pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral remains in order to identify plants growing in the vicinity of the house at the time it was constructed. Several roots or corns were also examined for identification. Numerous other botanical specimens were examined and identified. These include a variety of nuts and nutshell fragments, pits, seeds, cane scales, and other floral remains as well as eggshell and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains were examined from the Little Buzz Site (48BKL467) to assist in explaining the site. The Little Buzz Site is enigmatic, being composed of charcoal stains, one of which probably represents a housepit, while others might represent hearths, possible housepits, or scattered cultural remains. Archaeobotanical samples were examined to assist in the identification of the structure or structures proper, as well as construction materials. Pollen and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Eight matched pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral samples were analyzed from the Ruby Creek Site (24CB622) in Carbon County, Montana. This includes over 170 stone circle alignments, some of which contained interior hearths and exterior storage features. The samples represent two stone circles. These samples were examined to evaluate the potential for further study and to generate research questions, as well as to characterize local vegetation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Soil from features at thirteen sites in the Barbers Point Naval Air Station area on O'ahu were examined for pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral remains. Features at these sites include modified and unmodified sinkholes, as well as habitation platforms, enclosures, and mounds. Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral analyses are used to provide general information concerning plant availability and use at these sites

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Stratigraphic samples from two backhoe trenches near Waiawa Stream in the area of the middle loch of Pearl Harbor were examined for pollen, phytolith, and/or macrofloral remains. The primary purpose for the paleobotanical analyses was the identification of strata used for agriculture. Analysis of pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral remains also yielded evidence concerning the greater vegetation of not only the wetland located adjacent to Waiawa Stream, but also vegetation upstream.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas E. Moutoux. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral samples were analyzed from sites 5GA1599 and 5GA1609. These sites are located near Muddy Creek in northwest Colorado and will be impacted by construction of the Wolford Mountain Dam and Reservoir and associated facilities. The present report (96-25) is the second of two technical reports produced by Paleo Research Labs on sites associated with the Wolford Mountain Dam and Reservoir Project. A pollen column consisting of eleven stratigraphic samples was...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral remains were examined from a recent nonhuman coprolite recovered at 35-JE-49. This site is located in the extreme southern portion of the Columbia Basin Province. A :rockshelter provided sufficient protection from the elements to allow preservation of this coprolite. Examination of pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral remains from the coprolite was undertaken to identify plants consumed, elements of the local vegetation, and to provide clues that be...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A single ash sample was submitted from Feature 1, an unidentified feature from the island of Tinian, to establish whether pollen, phytolith, and/or macrofloral analyses are possible.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Elizabeth Hickey. Chad Yost.

Eight adobe brick samples were submitted for macrofloral and pollen analysis from the Workman House in City of Industry, California. The Workman House is an adobe structure built in multiple episodes between 1842 and 1870. Analysis of botanical and pollen remains recovered from the adobe is used to provide information on the construction sequence of the building. Phytolith analysis of two samples was undertaken after the macrofloral analysis identified the presence of wheat in the samples...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Feature D included two oval hearths inside a lava tube that was used as a cave shelter. A radiocarbon age of 130 + 80 radiocarbon years BP (AD 1450-1890 and AD 1912-1954) was reported for this feature. The fill was examined for pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral evidence of the contents.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

A single bulk soil sample from midden deposits in a trench profile on the Senior Housing Project portion of site CA-MNT-831 in Pacific Grove, Monterey County, California, was analyzed for pollen, phytoliths, and macrofloral remains. This site is currently the oldest known site on the Monterey Peninsula, with occupation primarily during Phase I of the Early Period. Many of the radiocarbon dates from this site fall between 5550-5770 years BP (Breschini and Haversat 2006:1). Pollen, phytolith,...